journal article·2000-01

An energy-balance analysis for the size effect in low-load hardness testing

Jianghong Gong, Ying Li

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 35· Issue 1
Publisher page

Abstract

The size effect in low-load hardness testing is analyzed theoretically using an energy-balance approach. A new semi-empirical equation is proposed to correlate the hardness test load and the resulting indentation size. The validity of this new equation is verified by analyzing the previously reported experimental data. It is found that the value of true hardness of material estimated with this new equation is independent of the indentor geometry as well as indentation size.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Metal and Thin Film Mechanics · Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications · Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (28)

Show source-provided references
1. G. N. Babini, A. Bessosi and C. Galassi, J. Mater. Sci. 22 (1987) 1687.10.1007/BF01132393 ↗
2. K. Hirao and M. Tomozawa, J. Amer. Ceram. Soc. 70 (1987) 497.10.1111/j.1151-2916.1987.tb05683.x ↗
3. Z. Li, A. Ghosh, A. S. Kobayashi and R. C. Bradt, ibid. 72 (1989) 904.10.1111/j.1151-2916.1989.tb06242.x ↗
4. H. Li and R. C. Bradt, J. Mater. Sci. 28 (1993) 917.10.1007/BF00400874 ↗
5. J. H. Gong and Z. D. Guan, J. Chinese Ceram. Soc. 23 (1995) 308.
6. D. R. Tate, Trans. ASM 35 (1945) 374.
7. L. P. Tarasov and N. W. Thibault, ibid. 38 (1947) 331.
8. W. Mason, P. F. Johnson and J. R. Varner, J. Mater. Sci. 26 (1991) 6576.10.1007/BF02402648 ↗
9. B. W. Mott, “Micro-Indentation Hardness Testing” (Nutterworths Scientific, London, 1956) p. 101.
10. C. Hays and E. G. Kendall, Metall. 6 (1973) 275.10.1016/0026-0800(73)90053-0 ↗
11. G. P. Upit and S. A. Varchenya, in “The Science of Hardness Testing and Its Research Applications,” edited by J. H. Westbrook and H. Conrad (ASM, Metals, Park, OH, 1973) p. 135.
12. D. Tabor, Rev. Phys. Technol. 1 (1970) 145.10.1088/0034-6683/1/3/I01 ↗
13. L. E. Samuels, “Microindentation Techniques in Materials Science and Engineering,” ASTM STP 889 (ASTM, Philadelphia, 1986) p. 5.
14. D. Tabor, “Microindentation Techniques in Materials Science and Engineering,” ASTM STP 889 (ASTM, Philadelphia, 1986) p. 129.
15. E. Meyer, Phys. Z. 9 (1908) 66.
16. F. Frohlich, P. Grau and W. Grellmann, Phys. Status Solidi 42 (1977) 79.10.1002/pssa.2210420106 ↗
17. E. O. Bernhardt, Z. Metallkde 33 (1941) 135.
18. B. D. Michels and G. H. Frischat, J. Mater. Sci. 17 (1982) 329.10.1007/BF00591466 ↗
19. J. H. Gong and J. X. Li, J. Inorg. Mater. 11 (1996) 375.
20. J. H. Gong and Q. M. Yuan, J. Tianjin Univ. 29 (1996) 727.
21. J. H. Gong, J. J. Wu and Z. D. Guan, Mater. Lett. 35 (1998) 58.10.1016/S0167-577X(97)00234-6 ↗
22. Idem., J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 17 (1998) 473.10.1023/A:1006576326731 ↗
23. T. Young and S. K. Rhee, J. Test. Eval. 6 (1978) 221.10.1520/JTE10945J ↗
24. M. Atkinson, ibid. 19 (1991) 368.10.1520/JTE12588J ↗
25. Idem., J. Mater. Res. 10 (1995) 2908.10.1557/JMR.1995.2908 ↗
26. R. Banerjee and P. Feltham, J. Mater. Sci. 9 (1974) 1478.10.1007/BF00552933 ↗
27. P. Feltham and R. Banerjee, ibid. 27 (1992) 1626.10.1007/BF00542926 ↗
28. T. Sakai, G. Ghosh and R. C. Bradt, in “Fracture Mechanics of Ceramics,” Vol. 10, edited by R. C. Bradt, D. P. H. Hasselamn, D. Munz, M. Sakai and V. Ya. Shevshenko (Plenum, New York, 1993) p. 119.