journal article·2007-09Open access

Laser melting functionally graded composition of Waspaloy® and Zirconia powders

Kamran Aamir Mumtaz, Neil Hopkinson

Journal of Materials Science· Volume 42· Issue 18

Abstract

An approach for fabricating functionally graded specimens of supernickel alloy and ceramic\ud compositions via Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is presented. The focus aimed at using the\ud Functionally Graded Material (FGM) concept to gradually grade powdered compositions of\ud Zirconia within a base material of Waspaloy®\ud . A high power Nd:YAG laser was used to\ud process the material compositions to a high density with gradual but discrete changes\ud between layered compositions. The graded specimens initially consisted of 100% Waspaloy®\ud with subsequent layers containing increased volume compositions of Zirconia (0-10%).\ud Specimens were examined for porosity and microstructure. It was found that specimens\ud contained an average porosity of 0.34% with a gradual change between layers without any\ud major interface defects
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes · Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (39)

Show source-provided references
1. Gu Y, Nakamura T, Prchlik L, Sampath S, Wallace J (2003) Mater Sci Eng A 345(1–2):22310.1016/S0921-5093(02)00462-8 ↗
2. Aboudia J, Pinderab MJ, Arnold SM (1999) Composites Part B 30:77710.1016/S1359-8368(99)00053-0 ↗
3. Polat A, Sarikaya O, Celik E (2002) Mater Des 23:64110.1016/S0261-3069(02)00064-X ↗
4. Movchan BA, Yu K (2004) Surf Coat Technol 188–189:8510.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.08.006 ↗
5. Quadakkers WJ, Shemet V, Sebold D, Anton R, Wessel E, Singheiser L (2005) Surf Coat Technol 199(1):7710.1016/j.surfcoat.2004.11.038 ↗
6. Miller RA, Lowell CE (1982) Thin Solid Films 95(3):26510.1016/0040-6090(82)90019-0 ↗
7. Miller RA, Berndt CC (1984) Thin Solid Films 119(2):19510.1016/0040-6090(84)90534-0 ↗
8. Gill SC, Clyne TW (1990) Metall Trans 21B:37710.1007/BF02664205 ↗
9. Ferrari M, Lutterotti L (1992) J Eng Mech 118(9):192810.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1992)118:9(1928) ↗
10. Singheiser L, Steinbrech L, Quadakkers WJ, Herzog R (2001) Mater High Temp 18(4):24910.1179/mht.2001.027 ↗
11. Nomura N, Gasik M, Kawasaki A, Watanabe R (2000) Ceram Trans 114:233
12. Limarga AM, Widjaja S, Yip LK (2002) Int J Mod Phys B 16:23310.1142/S021797920200969X ↗
13. Choules BD, Kolini K (1996) J Eng Mater Technol Trans ASME 118(4):52210.1115/1.2805951 ↗
14. Sasaki M, Hirirai T (1991) Cent Mem Iss Ceram Soc Jpn 99:100210.2109/jcersj.99.1002 ↗
15. Watanabe R, Takahashi H, Tamura M, Shiota I, Yoshida T, Kurino T (1993) Functionally gradient materials. FGM Forum Japan, p 1–10
16. Khor KA, Dong ZL, Gu YW (1999) Mater Lett 38:43710.1016/S0167-577X(98)00203-1 ↗
17. Dong ZL, Khor KA, Gu YW (1999) Surf Coat Technol V 113:18110.1016/S0257-8972(99)00049-3 ↗
18. Jung YH, Choi SC (1997) J Mater Sci 32:3841, DOI: 10.1023/A: 1018640126751
19. Demirkiran AS, Elik E, Avci E (2001) Proc Fifth Int Fract Conf 10:1341
20. Demirkiran AS, Avci E (1999) Surf Coat Technol 116–119:29210.1016/S0257-8972(99)00213-3 ↗
21. Demirkiran AS, Elik E, Avci E (1997) Oxidation of functionally gradient materials. Proceedings of the Fifth Combustion Symposium, Bursa (Turkey), July 21–23, p 543
22. Kawasaki A, Watanabe R, Yuki M, Nakanishi Y, Onabe H (1996) Mater Trans JIM 37(4):78810.2320/matertrans1989.37.788 ↗
23. Khor KA, Gu YW (2000) Thin Solid Films 372:10410.1016/S0040-6090(00)01024-5 ↗
24. Kokini K, Dejonge J, Rangaraj SV, Beardesly BM (2002) Surf Coat Technol 154:22310.1016/S0257-8972(02)00031-2 ↗
25. Yonushonis T (1995) NASA Conf Publ 3312:235
26. Gasik M, Kawasaki A, Kang YS (2005) Mater Sci Forum 492–49:910.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.492-493.9 ↗
27. Wohlers T (2003) Wohlers Report 2003 Rapid prototyping and tooling state of the industry. Annual Worldwide Progress Report
28. Cherradi N, Kawasaki A, Gasik M (1999) Comp Eng 4:88310.1016/S0961-9526(09)80012-9 ↗
29. Domack MS, Baughman JM (2005) Rapid Prototyping J 1(11):4110.1108/13552540510573383 ↗
30. Liu W, Dupont JN (2003) Scripta Mater 9(48):133710.1016/S1359-6462(03)00020-4 ↗
31. Jepson L, Beaman JJ, Bourell DL, Wood KL, (1997) SLS processing of functionally graded materials. SFF Symposium Proceedings, p 67
32. Kruth P, Froyen L, Vaerenbergh JV, Mercelis P, Rombouts M, Lauwers B (2004) J Mater Process Technol 149(1–3):61610.1016/j.jmatprotec.2003.11.051 ↗
33. Su WN (2002) Layered fabrication of tool steel and functionally graded material with a Nd:YAG pulsed laser. PhD Thesis, Loughborough University
34. Beal VE, Erasenthiran P, Hopkinson N, Dickens P, Ahrens CH (2006) Int J Adv Manuf Technol 30:84410.1007/s00170-005-0130-x ↗
35. Mumtaz K, Hopkinson N, Erasenthiran P (2006) High density selective laser melting of Waspaloy®. SFF Symposium Proceedings, p 220
36. Special Metals, “Waspaloy”, www.SpecialMetals.com, as on 1st August 2006
37. Mel chemical, “Zirconia”, www.mel-chemical.com, as on 1st August 2006
38. Morgan RH, Papworth AJ, Sutcliffe C, Fox P, O’neill W (2002) J Mater Sci 37:3093, DOI: 10.1023/A: 1016185606642
39. Uthsca, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, ImageTool Version 3.0