Plant-based metal and metal alloy nanoparticle synthesis: a comprehensive mechanistic approach
Source abstract
Abstract
There are enormous methods such as physical, chemical, and biological, for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles (MNPs), which has become a matter of focus among material scientists. Green chemistry-based MNP synthesis is an area, which has gained much importance presently due to their non-toxicity and monodispersed nanoparticle preparation methodologies. Among green synthesis methods, plants are considered as efficient candidates for nanoparticle synthesis. The meticulous formation of different sizes and shapes of the nanoparticles using plants has spurred encouraging interest. The rate kinetics and stability of nanoparticle synthesis are well studied as well as appreciated in the arena of materials. Their capability to sequester metal ions and fastidiously define the dimensions using a plethora of capping proteins such as glutathione and phytochelatins is intriguing giving it a monodispersed size. This review is a comprehensive understanding of the metal nanoparticles synthesized by plants and apprehends the mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis exhaustively.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Nanoparticles: synthesis and applications · Moringa oleifera research and applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Dauthal P, Mukhopadhyay M (2016) Noble metal nanoparticles: plant-mediated synthesis, mechanistic aspects of synthesis, and applications. Ind Eng Chem Res 55:9557–9577. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.6b0086110.1021/acs.iecr.6b00861 ↗
2. Prabhu S, Poulose EK (2012) Silver nanoparticles: mechanism of antimicrobial action, synthesis, medical applications, and toxicity effects. Int Nano Lett 2:32. https://doi.org/10.1186/2228-5326-2-3210.1186/2228-5326-2-32 ↗
3. Girling CA, Peterson PJ (1980) Gold in plants. Gold Bull 13:151–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0321546110.1007/BF03215461 ↗
4. Parajuli D, Kawakita H, Inoue K et al (2007) Persimmon peel gel for the selective recovery of gold. Hydrometallurgy 87:133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hydromet.2007.02.00610.1016/j.hydromet.2007.02.006 ↗
5. Xiong Y, Adhikari CR, Kawakita H et al (2009) Selective recovery of precious metals by persimmon waste chemically modified with dimethylamine. Bioresour Technol 100:4083–4089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.01410.1016/j.biortech.2009.03.014 ↗
6. Iravani S (2011) Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles using plants. Green Chem 13:2638–2650. https://doi.org/10.1039/C1GC15386B10.1039/C1GC15386B ↗
7. Chen JC, Lin ZH, Ma XX (2003) Evidence of the production of silver nanoparticles via pretreatment of Phoma sp.3.2883 with silver nitrate. Lett Appl Microbiol 37:105–108. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1472-765X.2003.01348.x10.1046/j.1472-765X.2003.01348.x ↗
8. Haverkamp RG, Marshall AT (2009) The mechanism of metal nanoparticle formation in plants: limits on accumulation. J Nanoparticle Res 11:1453–1463. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11051-008-9533-610.1007/s11051-008-9533-6 ↗
9. Gardea-Torresdey JL, Parsons JG, Gomez E et al (2002) Formation and Growth of Au nanoparticles inside Live Alfalfa Plants. Nano Lett 2:397–401. https://doi.org/10.1021/nl015673+10.1021/nl015673+ ↗
10. Ankamwar B (2010) Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles (green-gold) using leaf extract of Terminalia catappa. J Chem 7:1334–1339. https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/74512010.1155/2010/745120 ↗
11. Dorosti N, Jamshidi F (2016) Plant-mediated gold nanoparticles by Dracocephalum kotschyi as anticholinesterase agent: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of anticancer and antibacterial activity. J Appl Biomed 14:235–245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jab.2016.03.00110.1016/j.jab.2016.03.001 ↗
12. Khalil MMH, Ismail EH, El-Magdoub F (2012) Biosynthesis of Au nanoparticles using olive leaf extract: 1st nano updates. Arab J Chem 5:431–437. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arabjc.2010.11.01110.1016/j.arabjc.2010.11.011 ↗
13. Philip D (2010) Rapid green synthesis of spherical gold nanoparticles using Mangifera indica leaf. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 77:807–810. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.08.00810.1016/j.saa.2010.08.008 ↗
14. Wu W, Huang J, Wu L et al (2013) Two-step size- and shape-separation of biosynthesized gold nanoparticles. Sep Purif Technol 106:117–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.00510.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.005 ↗
15. Mata R, Nakkala JR, Sadras SR (2016) Polyphenol stabilized colloidal gold nanoparticles from Abutilon indicum leaf extract induce apoptosis in HT-29 colon cancer cells. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 143:499–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.06910.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.03.069 ↗
16. Abbasi T, Anuradha J, Ganaie SU, Abbasi SA (2015) Gainful utilization of the highly intransigent weed ipomoea in the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. J King Saud Univ Sci 27:15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jksus.2014.04.00110.1016/j.jksus.2014.04.001 ↗
17. Franco-Romano M, Gil MLA, Palacios-Santander JM et al (2014) Sonosynthesis of gold nanoparticles from a geranium leaf extract. Ultrason Sonochem 21:1570–1577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.01.01710.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.01.017 ↗
18. Zayed MF, Eisa WH (2014) Phoenix dactylifera L. leaf extract phytosynthesized gold nanoparticles; controlled synthesis and catalytic activity. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 121:238–244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.10.09210.1016/j.saa.2013.10.092 ↗
19. Das J, Velusamy P (2014) Catalytic reduction of methylene blue using biogenic gold nanoparticles from Sesbania grandiflora L. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 45:2280–2285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtice.2014.04.00510.1016/j.jtice.2014.04.005 ↗
20. Song JY, Jang H-K, Kim BS (2009) Biological synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Magnolia kobus and Diopyros kaki leaf extracts. Process Biochem 44:1133–1138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procbio.2009.06.00510.1016/j.procbio.2009.06.005 ↗
21. Smitha SL, Philip D, Gopchandran KG (2009) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Cinnamomum zeylanicum leaf broth. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 74:735–739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2009.08.00710.1016/j.saa.2009.08.007 ↗
22. Narayanan KB, Sakthivel N (2008) Coriander leaf mediated biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles. Mater Lett 62:4588–4590. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2008.08.04410.1016/j.matlet.2008.08.044 ↗
23. Tahir K, Nazir S, Li B et al (2015) Nerium oleander leaves extract mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles and its antioxidant activity. Mater Lett 156:198–201. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.05.06210.1016/j.matlet.2015.05.062 ↗
24. Annamalai A, Christina VLP, Sudha D et al (2013) Green synthesis, characterization and antimicrobial activity of Au NPs using Euphorbia hirta L. leaf extract. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 108:60–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.02.01210.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.02.012 ↗
25. Gopinath K, Venkatesh KS, Ilangovan R et al (2013) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from leaf extract of Terminalia arjuna, for the enhanced mitotic cell division and pollen germination activity. Ind Crops Prod 50:737–742. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.06010.1016/j.indcrop.2013.08.060 ↗
26. Mishra P, Ray S, Sinha S et al (2016) Facile bio-synthesis of gold nanoparticles by using extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa and evaluation of its cytotoxicity against U87 glioblastoma cells under hyperglycemic condition. Biochem Eng J 105:264–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2015.09.02110.1016/j.bej.2015.09.021 ↗
27. Us KS, Govindaraju K, Kumar G et al (2016) Anti-proliferative effect of biogenic gold nanoparticles against breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 & MCF-7). Appl Surf Sci 371:415–424. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.00410.1016/j.apsusc.2016.03.004 ↗
28. Varun Selvaraj, Sellappa Sudha, Mohammed RafiqKhan SV (2015) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Argemone mexicana L. leaf extract and its characterization. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res 32:42–44
29. Manoj L, Vishwakarma V (2015) Green synthesis and spectroscopic characterisations of gold nanoparticles using invitro grown hypericin rich shoot cultures of Hypericum hookerianum. Int J ChemTech Res 8:194–199
30. Bindhani BK, Panigrahi AK (2014) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using neem (Azadirachta indica L.) leaf extract and its biomedical applications. Int J Adv Biotechnol Res 5:457–464
31. Chandran DK (2016) Phytochemical analysis and anti-oxidant activity of gold nanoparticles synthesizing plant—Silybum marianum. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 5:469–47510.20546/ijcmas.2016.504.055 ↗
32. Francis G, Thombre R, Parekh F, Leksminarayan P (2014) Bioinspired synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Ficus benghalensis (Indian Banyan) leaf extract. Chem Sci Trans 3:470–474
33. Gayathiri K, Prabhavathi A, Tamilarasi R, Ramesh V, Kavimani S (2014) Role of neprilysin in various diseases. Int J Pharmacol Res 4:91–94
34. Kumar I, Mondal M, Meyappan V, Sakthivel N (2019) Green one-pot synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Sansevieria roxburghiana leaf extract for the catalytic degradation of toxic organic pollutants. Mater Res Bull 117:18–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2019.04.02910.1016/j.materresbull.2019.04.029 ↗
35. Ghramh HA, Khan KA, Ibrahim EHSW (2019) Synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) using Ricinus communis leaf ethanol extract, their characterization, and biological applications. Nanomaterials 9:76510.3390/nano9050765 ↗
36. Yu J, Xu D, Guan HN et al (2016) Facile one-step green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Citrus maxima aqueous extracts and its catalytic activity. Mater Lett 166:110–112. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2015.12.03110.1016/j.matlet.2015.12.031 ↗
37. Kumar B, Smita K, Cumbal L et al (2016) One pot phytosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using Genipa americana fruit extract and its biological applications. Mater Sci Eng, C 62:725–731. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2016.02.02910.1016/j.msec.2016.02.029 ↗
38. Rimal Isaac RS, Sakthivel G, Murthy C (2013) Green Synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using Averrhoa bilimbi fruit extract. J Nanotechnol 2013:1–610.1155/2013/906592 ↗
39. Shankar S, Jaiswal L, Aparna RSL, Prasad RGS (2014) Synthesis, characterization, in vitro biocompatibility, and antimicrobial activity of gold, silver and gold silver alloy nanoparticles prepared from Lansium domesticum fruit peel extract. Mater Lett 137:75–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.08.12210.1016/j.matlet.2014.08.122 ↗
40. Ganeshkumar M, Sathishkumar M, Ponrasu T et al (2013) Spontaneous ultra fast synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Punica granatum for cancer targeted drug delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 106:208–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.03510.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.035 ↗
41. Rajan A, MeenaKumari M, Philip D (2014) Shape tailored green synthesis and catalytic properties of gold nanocrystals. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 118:793–799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.09.08610.1016/j.saa.2013.09.086 ↗
42. Sathishkumar G, Jha PK, Vignesh V et al (2016) Cannonball fruit (Couroupita guianensis, Aubl.) extract mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles and evaluation of its antioxidant activity. J Mol Liq 215:229–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.04310.1016/j.molliq.2015.12.043 ↗
43. Mohan Kumar K, Mandal BK, Kiran Kumar HA, Maddinedi SB (2013) Green synthesis of size controllable gold nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 116:539–545. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.07.07710.1016/j.saa.2013.07.077 ↗
44. Rad MS, Rad JSH, Miri A, Sen DJ (2013) Biological synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles by Nitraria schoberi fruits. Am J Adv Drug Deliv 1:174–179
45. Venkatachalam M, Govindaraju K, Mohamed Sadiq A et al (2013) Functionalization of gold nanoparticles as antidiabetic nanomaterial. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 116:331–338. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.07.03810.1016/j.saa.2013.07.038 ↗
46. Krishnamoorthy G, Shabi M, Ravindhran D, Uthrapathy S, Rajamanickam V, Dubey G (2009) Nardostachys jatamansi: cardioprotective and hypolipidemic herb. J Pharm Res 2:574–578
47. Anand K, Gengan R, Phulukdaree A, Chuturgoon A (2015) Agroforestry waste Moringa oleifera petals mediated green synthesis of gold nanoparticles and their anti-cancer and catalytic activity. J Ind Eng Chem 21:1105–111110.1016/j.jiec.2014.05.021 ↗
48. Das RK, Gogoi N, Bora U (2011) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Nyctanthes arbortristis flower extract. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 34:615–619. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-010-0510-y10.1007/s00449-010-0510-y ↗
49. Kirubha R, Alagumuthu G (2014) Plant mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles. Int J Adv Sci Tech Res 4:891–900
50. Radha R, Murugalakshmi MK, Rani S (2016) Eco friendly synthesis and characterization of Gold Nanoparticles from Bauhinia purpurea flower extract. Imp J Interdiscip Res 2:306–310
51. Suman TY, Rajasree SRR, Ramkumar R et al (2014) The green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using an aqueous root extract of Morinda citrifolia L. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 118:11–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2013.08.06610.1016/j.saa.2013.08.066 ↗
52. Agarwal K, Srivastava M (2014) Chemistry synthesis and characterization of gold nanoparticles embedded with extract of the plant panicum maximum with enhanced antioxidant behavior. J Sci Res 63:2–4
53. Jayaseelan C, Ramkumar R, Rahuman AA, Perumal P (2013) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using seed aqueous extract of Abelmoschus esculentus and its antifungal activity. Ind Crops Prod 45:423–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.12.01910.1016/j.indcrop.2012.12.019 ↗
54. Ismail EH, Khalil MMH, Al Seif FA (2014) Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using extract of grape (Vitis Vinifera) leaves and seeds. Prog Nanotechnol Nanomater 3:1–12
55. Kumar PV, Kala SMJ, Prakash KS (2019) Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles using Croton CAUDATUS Geisel leaf extract and their biological studies. Mater Lett 236:19–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.10.02510.1016/j.matlet.2018.10.025 ↗
56. Kumar B, Smita K, Debut A, Cumbal L (2018) Utilization of Persea americana (Avocado) oil for the synthesis of gold nanoparticles in sunlight and evaluation of antioxidant and photocatalytic activities. Environ Nanotechnol Monit Manag 10:231–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enmm.2018.07.00910.1016/j.enmm.2018.07.009 ↗
57. Frattini A, Pellegri N, Nicastro D, de Sanctis O (2005) Effect of amine groups in the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using aminosilanes. Mater Chem Phys 94:148–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.04.02310.1016/j.matchemphys.2005.04.023 ↗
58. Ahmad A, Mukherjee P, Senapati S et al (2003) Extracellular biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using the fungus Fusarium oxysporum. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 28:313–318. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0927-7765(02)00174-110.1016/S0927-7765(02)00174-1 ↗
59. Baruwati B, Polshettiwar V, Varma RS (2009) Glutathione promoted expeditious green synthesis of silver nanoparticles in water using microwaves. Green Chem 11:926–930. https://doi.org/10.1039/B902184A10.1039/B902184A ↗
60. Sharma VK, Yngard RA, Lin Y (2009) Silver nanoparticles: green synthesis and their antimicrobial activities. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 145:83–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2008.09.00210.1016/j.cis.2008.09.002 ↗
61. Ahn E-Y, Jin H, Park Y (2019) Green synthesis and biological activities of silver nanoparticles prepared by Carpesium cernuum extract. Arch Pharm Res. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-019-01152-x10.1007/s12272-019-01152-x ↗
62. Kailasa SK, Koduru JR, Desai ML et al (2018) Recent progress on surface chemistry of plasmonic metal nanoparticles for colorimetric assay of drugs in pharmaceutical and biological samples. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 105:106–120. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2018.05.00410.1016/j.trac.2018.05.004 ↗
63. Koduru JR, Kailasa SK, Bhamore JR et al (2018) Phytochemical-assisted synthetic approaches for silver nanoparticles antimicrobial applications: a review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 256:326–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2018.03.00110.1016/j.cis.2018.03.001 ↗
64. Kalishwaralal K, Deepak V, Pandian SRK et al (2010) Biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles using Brevibacterium casei. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 77:257–262. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.02.00710.1016/j.colsurfb.2010.02.007 ↗
65. Dhuper S, Panda D, Nayak PL (2012) Green synthesis and characterization of zero valent iron nanoparticles fromthe leaf extract of Mangifera indica. Nano Trends A J Nanotechnol Its Appl 13:16–22
66. Roy A, Bulut O, Some S et al (2019) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles: biomolecule-nanoparticle organizations targeting antimicrobial activity. RSC Adv 9:2673–2702. https://doi.org/10.1039/C8RA08982E10.1039/C8RA08982E ↗
67. Kulkarni NMU (2014) Biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles: a review. J Nanotechnol 2014:1–810.1155/2014/510246 ↗
68. Pantidos NHLE (2014) Biological synthesis of metallic nanoparticles by bacteria, fungi and plants. J Nanomed Nanotechnol 5:5–15
69. Hall JL (2002) Cellular mechanisms for heavy metal detoxification and tolerance. J Exp Bot 53:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1093/jexbot/53.366.110.1093/jexbot/53.366.1 ↗
70. Gardea-Torresdey JL, Gomez E, Peralta-Videa JR et al (2003) Alfalfa Sprouts: a natural source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Langmuir 19:1357–1361. https://doi.org/10.1021/la020835i10.1021/la020835i ↗
71. Gauthami M, Srinivasan N, Goud M, Boopalan K, Thirumurugan K (2015) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Cinnamomum zeylanicum bark extract and its antioxidant activity. Nanosci Nanpotechnol Asia 5:2–710.2174/221068120501150728103209 ↗
72. Selvam K, Sudhakar C, Govarthanan M et al (2017) Eco-friendly biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles using Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers and evaluate its antibacterial, antioxidant potential. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 10:6–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2016.02.00510.1016/j.jrras.2016.02.005 ↗
73. Medda S, Hajra A, Dey U et al (2015) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Aloe vera leaf extract and antifungal activity against Rhizopus sp. and Aspergillus sp. Appl Nanosci 5:875–880. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-014-0387-110.1007/s13204-014-0387-1 ↗
74. Mukunthan KS, Elumalai EK, Patel TN, Murty VR (2011) Catharanthus roseus: a natural source for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 1:270–274. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2221-1691(11)60041-510.1016/S2221-1691(11)60041-5 ↗
75. Mohan Kumar K, Sinha M, Mandal BK et al (2012) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Terminalia chebula extract at room temperature and their antimicrobial studies. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 91:228–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2012.02.00110.1016/j.saa.2012.02.001 ↗
76. Bar H, Bhui DK, Sahoo GP et al (2009) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using seed extract of Jatropha curcas. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 348:212–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.07.02110.1016/j.colsurfa.2009.07.021 ↗
77. Li S, Shen Y, Xie A et al (2007) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Capsicum annuum L. extract. Green Chem 9:852–858. https://doi.org/10.1039/B615357G10.1039/B615357G ↗
78. Singh J, Kaur G, Kaur P, Bajaj R, Rawat M (2016) A review on green synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles and their applications: a green nanoworld. World J Pharm Pharm Sci 6:730–762
79. Ahmad N, Sharma S, Singh VN, Shamsi SF, Fatma AMBR (2011) Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles from Desmodium triflorum: a novel approach towards weed utilization. Biotechnol Res Int 2011:1–810.4061/2011/454090 ↗
80. Pohlit AM, Rezende AR, Lopes Baldin ELLNPNVF (2011) Plant extracts, isolated phytochemicals, and plant-derived agents which are lethal to arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases–a review. Planta Med 77:618–63010.1055/s-0030-1270949 ↗
81. Information Resources Management Association (USA) (2016) Medical imaging: concepts, methodologies, tools, and applications10.4018/978-1-5225-0571-6 ↗
82. Luis López Miranda J, Esparza R, Rosas G (2017) Synthesis of silver nanoparticles using plant extracts. Mex J Mater Sci Eng 4:15–20
83. Kumar G, Ghoshal GJA, Goyal M (2017) Rapid green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using (Prunus persica) plants extract: exploring its antimicrobial and catalytic activities. J Nanomed Nanotechnol 8:1–8
84. Moodley JS, Naidu Krishna SB, Pillay KGP (2018) Production, characterization and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles produced by Pediococcus Acidilactici. Dig J Nanomater Biostruct 13:77–86
85. Ahmed S, Saifullah Ahmad M et al (2016) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica aqueous leaf extract. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 9:1–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2015.06.00610.1016/j.jrras.2015.06.006 ↗
86. Roy P, Das B, Mohanty A, Mohapatra S (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Azadirachta indica leaf extract and its antimicrobial study. Appl Nanosci 7:843–850. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-017-0621-810.1007/s13204-017-0621-8 ↗
87. Wang F, Zhang W, Tan X et al (2019) Extract of Ginkgo biloba leaves mediated biosynthesis of catalytically active and recyclable silver nanoparticles. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 563:31–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.11.05410.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.11.054 ↗
88. Philip D (2011) Mangifera indica leaf-assisted biosynthesis of well-dispersed silver nanoparticles. Spectrochim Acta Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 78:327–331. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2010.10.01510.1016/j.saa.2010.10.015 ↗
89. Uddin MJ, Chaudhuri B, Pramanik K et al (2012) Black tea leaf extract derived Ag nanoparticle-PVA composite film: structural and dielectric properties. Mater Sci Eng, B 177:1741–1747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mseb.2012.09.00110.1016/j.mseb.2012.09.001 ↗
90. Ali ZA, Yahya R, Sekaran SDPR (2016) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using apple extract and its antibacterial properties. Adv Mater Sci Eng 2016:1–610.1155/2016/4102196 ↗
91. He Y, Wei F, Ma Z et al (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using seed extract of Alpinia katsumadai{,} and their antioxidant{,} cytotoxicity{,} and antibacterial activities. RSC Adv 7:39842–39851. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA05286C10.1039/C7RA05286C ↗
92. Carmona ER, Benito N, Plaza T, Recio-Sánchez G (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles by using leaf extracts from the endemic Buddleja globosa hope. Green Chem Lett Rev 10:250–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/17518253.2017.136040010.1080/17518253.2017.1360400 ↗
93. Veeraputhiran V (2013) Bio-catalytic synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Int J ChemTech Res 5:2555–2562
94. de Barros C, Cruz G, Mayrink W, Tasic L (2018) Bio-based synthesis of silver nanoparticles from orange waste: effects of distinct biomolecule coatings on size, morphology, and antimicrobial activity. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2018:1–1410.2147/NSA.S156115 ↗
95. Omran BA, Nassar HN, Fatthallah NA et al (2018) Waste upcycling of Citrus sinensis peels as a green route for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles. Energy Sour A Recover Util Environ Eff 40:227–236. https://doi.org/10.1080/15567036.2017.141059710.1080/15567036.2017.1410597 ↗
96. Bagherzade G, Tavakoli MM, Namaei MH (2017) Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous extract of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) wastages and its antibacterial activity against six bacteria. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 7:227–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apjtb.2016.12.01410.1016/j.apjtb.2016.12.014 ↗
97. Annu AS, Kaur G et al (2018) Fruit waste (peel) as bio-reductant to synthesize silver nanoparticles with antimicrobial, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. J Appl Biomed 16:221–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jab.2018.02.00210.1016/j.jab.2018.02.002 ↗
98. Naganathan K, Thirunavukkarasu S (2017) Green way genesis of silver nanoparticles using multiple fruit peels waste and its antimicrobial, anti-oxidant and anti-tumor cell line studies. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 191:12009. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/191/1/01200910.1088/1757-899x/191/1/012009 ↗
99. Arrieta JB, Florido A, Perez-Rafols C, Serrano N, Fiol N, Poch J, Villaescusa I (2018) Green synthesis of Ag nanoparticles using grape stalk waste extract for the modification of screen-printed electrodes. Nanomaterials 8:946–96010.3390/nano8110946 ↗
100. Dubey M, Bhadauria SKBS (2009) Green synthesis of nanosilver particles from extract of Eucalyptus hybrida (Safeda) leaf. Dig J Nanomater Biostructures 4:537–543