Stretchable, self-healable, and reprocessable chemical cross-linked ionogels electrolytes based on gelatin for flexible supercapacitors
Source abstract
Abstract
A novel chemical cross-linked ionogels with excellent self-healability, stretchability, and reprocessability based on gelatin have been synthesized via the Schiff base reaction in ionic liquid of 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAc). Rheological measurements revealed that the plateaus modulus in storage modulus increases with increase in the content of gelatin. These ionogels displayed good thermal mechanical stability, and the chemical networks were not destroyed even at temperature up to 140 °C. High stretchability was obtained and the elongation at break for the as-prepared ionogel could even reach 368.6%. Importantly, the prepared ionogels showed excellent self-healability and reprocessability. Remarkably, the ionogels exhibited superior ionic conductivity and room temperature ionic conductivity was higher than 1.0 × 10−3 S/cm. Furthermore, supercapacitors with this ionogel electrolyte showed temperature-dependent specific capacitance and remarkable flexible performance. Therefore, the as-prepared self-healable and reprocessable ionogels from the nature of gelatin, with highly ionic conductivity and stretchability, could be considered an excellent electrolyte candidate for various next-generation stretchable electronics.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials · Conducting polymers and applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (60)
Show source-provided references
1. Son D, Kang J, Vardoulis O et al (2018) An integrated self-healable electronic skin system fabricated via dynamic reconstruction of a nanostructured conducting network. Nat Nanotechnol 13(11):1057–106610.1038/s41565-018-0244-6 ↗
2. Hong YJ, Jeong H, Cho KW et al (2019) Wearable and implantable devices for cardiovascular healthcare: from monitoring to therapy based on flexible and stretchable electronics. Adv Funct Mater 29(19):180824710.1002/adfm.201808247 ↗
3. Rim YS, Bae SH, Chen H et al (2016) Recent progress in materials and devices toward printable and flexible sensors. Adv Mater 28(22):4415–444010.1002/adma.201505118 ↗
4. Wu H, Huang Y, Xu F et al (2016) Energy harvesters for wearable and stretchable electronics: from flexibility to stretchability. Adv Mater 28(45):9881–991910.1002/adma.201602251 ↗
5. Zhao G, Zhang Y, Shi N et al (2019) Transparent and stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator for self-powered tactile sensing. Nano Energy 59:302–31010.1016/j.nanoen.2019.02.054 ↗
6. Matsuhisa N, Chen XD, Bao ZA et al (2019) Materials and structural designs of stretchable conductors. Chem Soc Rev 48(11):2946–296610.1039/C8CS00814K ↗
7. Tran QT, Lee NE (2017) Recent progress on stretchable electronic devices with intrinsically stretchable components. Adv Mater 29(3):1603167
8. Benight SJ, Wang C, Tok JBH et al (2013) Stretchable and self-healing polymers and devices for electronic skin. Prog Polym Sci 38(12):1961–197710.1016/j.progpolymsci.2013.08.001 ↗
9. Zhang Q, Liu LB, Pan CG et al (2018) Review of recent achievements in self-healing conductive materials and their applications. J Mater Sci 53(1):27–46. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-017-1388-810.1007/s10853-017-1388-8 ↗
10. Li CH, Wang C, Keplinger C et al (2016) A highly stretchable autonomous self-healing elastomer. Nat Chem 8(6):619–625
11. Deng G, Li F, Yu H et al (2012) Dynamic hydrogels with an environmental adaptive self-healing ability and dual responsive sol–gel transitions. ACS Macro Lett 1(2):275–27910.1021/mz200195n ↗
12. Dong R, Zhao X, Guo B et al (2016) Self-healing conductive injectable hydrogels with antibacterial activity as cell delivery carrier for cardiac cell therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8(27):17138–1715010.1021/acsami.6b04911 ↗
13. Hernandez M, Grande AM, Dierkes W et al (2016) Turning vulcanized natural rubber into a self-healing polymer: effect of the disulfide/polysulfide ratio. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 4(10):5776–578410.1021/acssuschemeng.6b01760 ↗
14. Wang S, Liu N, Su J et al (2017) Highly stretchable and self-healable supercapacitor with reduced graphene oxide based fiber springs. ACS Nano 11(2):2066–207410.1021/acsnano.6b08262 ↗
15. Huang Y, Zhong M, Huang Y et al (2015) A self-healable and highly stretchable supercapacitor based on a dual crosslinked polyelectrolyte. Nat Commun 6:10310
16. Sun J, Pu X, Liu M et al (2018) Self-healable, stretchable, transparent triboelectric nanogenerators as soft power sources. ACS Nano 12(6):6147–615510.1021/acsnano.8b02479 ↗
17. Kim KS, Choi SB, Kim DU et al (2018) Photo-induced healing of stretchable transparent electrodes based on thermoplastic polyurethane with embedded metallic nanowires. J Mater Chem A 6(26):12420–1242910.1039/C8TA02979B ↗
18. Cheng T, Zhang Y, Lai WY et al (2015) Stretchable thin-film electrodes for flexible electronics with high deformability and stretchability. Adv Mater 27(22):3349–337610.1002/adma.201405864 ↗
19. Zhao S, Li J, Cao D et al (2017) Recent advancements in flexible and stretchable electrodes for electromechanical sensors: strategies, materials, and features. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(14):12147–1216410.1021/acsami.6b13800 ↗
20. Li J, Geng L, Wang G et al (2017) Self-healable gels for use in wearable devices. Chem Mater 29(21):8932–895210.1021/acs.chemmater.7b02895 ↗
21. Cheng X, Pan J, Zhao Y et al (2018) Gel polymer electrolytes for electrochemical energy storage. Adv Energy Mater 8(7):170218410.1002/aenm.201702184 ↗
22. Rong YG, Ku ZL, Li X et al (2015) Transparent bifacial dye-sensitized solar cells based on an electrochemically polymerized organic counter electrode and an iodine-free polymer gel electrolyte. J Mater Sci 50(10):3803–3811. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-8945-910.1007/s10853-015-8945-9 ↗
23. Bhat MY, Yadav N, Hashmi SA (2019) Pinecone-derived porous activated carbon for high performance all-solid-state electrical double layer capacitors fabricated with flexible gel polymer electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 304:94–10810.1016/j.electacta.2019.02.092 ↗
24. Li H, Feng Z, Zhao K et al (2019) Chemically crosslinked liquid crystalline poly(ionic liquid)s/halloysite nanotubes nanocomposite ionogels with superior ionic conductivity, high anisotropic conductivity and a high modulus. Nanoscale 11(8):3689–370010.1039/C8NR09030K ↗
25. Lahiri A, Pulletikurthi G, Ghazvini MS et al (2018) Ionic liquid-organic solvent mixture-based polymer gel electrolyte with high lithium concentration for Li-ion batteries. J Phys Chem C 122(43):24788–2480010.1021/acs.jpcc.8b07745 ↗
26. Basumallick I, Roy P, Chatterjee A et al (2006) Organic polymer gel electrolyte for Li-ion batteries. J Power Sour 162(2):797–79910.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.07.026 ↗
27. Choudhury NA, Sampath S, Shukla AK (2009) Hydrogel-polymer electrolytes for electrochemical capacitors: an overview. Energy Environ Sci 2(1):55–6710.1039/B811217G ↗
28. Ma LT, Chen SM, Wang DH et al (2019) Super-stretchable zinc air batteries based on an alkaline-tolerant dual-network hydrogel electrolyte. Adv Energy Mater 9(12):180304610.1002/aenm.201803046 ↗
29. Wada H, Yoshikawa K, Nohara S et al (2006) Electrochemical characteristics of new electric double layer capacitor with acidic polymer hydrogel electrolyte. J Power Sour 159(2):1464–146710.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.11.073 ↗
30. Le Bideau J, Viau L, Vioux A (2011) Ionogels, ionic liquid based hybrid materials. Chem Soc Rev 40(2):907–92510.1039/C0CS00059K ↗
31. Tamate R, Hashimoto K, Horii T et al (2018) Self-healing micellar ion gels based on multiple hydrogen bonding. Adv Mater 30(36):180279210.1002/adma.201802792 ↗
32. Song H, Zhao N, Qin W et al (2015) High-performance ionic liquid-based nanocomposite polymer electrolytes with anisotropic ionic conductivity prepared by coupling liquid crystal self-templating with unidirectional freezing. J Mater Chem A 3(5):2128–213410.1039/C4TA05720A ↗
33. Lodge TP, Ueki T (2016) Mechanically tunable, readily processable ion gels by self-assembly of block copolymers in ionic liquids. Acc Chem Res 49(10):2107–211410.1021/acs.accounts.6b00308 ↗
34. Chen S, Zhang N, Zhang B et al (2018) Multifunctional self-healing ionogels from supramolecular assembly: smart conductive and remarkable lubricating materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 10(51):44706–4471510.1021/acsami.8b15722 ↗
35. Osada I, de Vries H, Scrosati B et al (2016) Ionic-liquid-based polymer electrolytes for battery applications. Angew Chem-Int Edit 55(2):500–51310.1002/anie.201504971 ↗
36. Chen N, Xing Y, Wang L et al (2018) “Tai Chi” philosophy driven rigid-flexible hybrid ionogel electrolyte for high-performance lithium battery. Nano Energy 47:35–4210.1016/j.nanoen.2018.02.036 ↗
37. Zhang LM, He Y, Cheng S et al (2019) Self-healing, adhesive, and highly stretchable ionogel as a strain sensor for extremely large deformation. Small 15(21):1804651
38. Li Z, Wang J, Hu R et al (2019) A highly ionic conductive, healable, and adhesive polysiloxane-supported ionogel. Macromol Rapid Commun 40(7):180077610.1002/marc.201800776 ↗
39. Zhao X, Guo S, Li H et al (2017) In situ synthesis of imidazolium-crosslinked ionogels via Debus–Radziszewski reaction based on PAMAM dendrimers in imidazolium ionic liquid. Macromol Rapid Commun. 38(21):170041510.1002/marc.201700415 ↗
40. Visentin AF, Panzer MJ (2012) Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate-supported ionogels with consistent capacitive behavior and tunable elastic response. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 4(6):2836–283910.1021/am300372n ↗
41. Thiemann S, Sachnov SJ, Pettersson F et al (2014) Cellulose-based ionogels for paper electronics. Adv Funct Mater 24(5):625–63410.1002/adfm.201302026 ↗
42. Smith CJ, Wagle DV, O’Neill HM et al (2017) Bacterial cellulose ionogels as chemosensory supports. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 9(43):38042–3805110.1021/acsami.7b12543 ↗
43. Isik M, Gracia R, Kollnus LC et al (2013) Cholinium-based poly(ionic liquid)s: synthesis, characterization, and application as biocompatible ion gels and cellulose coatings. ACS Macro Lett 2(11):975–97910.1021/mz400451g ↗
44. Guo S, Zhao K, Feng Z et al (2018) High performance liquid crystalline bionanocomposite ionogels prepared by in situ crosslinking of cellulose/halloysite nanotubes/ionic liquid dispersions and its application in supercapacitors. Appl Surf Sci 455:599–60710.1016/j.apsusc.2018.06.026 ↗
45. Zhang B, SudreG Quintard G (2017) Guar gum as biosourced building block to generate highly conductive and elastic ionogels with poly(ionic liquid) and ionic liquid. Carbohyd Polym 157:586–59510.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.050 ↗
46. Trivedi TJ, Bhattacharjya D, Yu JS et al (2015) Functionalized agarose self-healing ionogels suitable for supercapacitors. Chemsuschem 8(19):3294–330310.1002/cssc.201500648 ↗
47. Singh G, Singh G, Darnarla K et al (2017) Gelatin-based highly stretchable, self-healing, conducting, multiadhesive, and antimicrobial ionogels embedded with Ag2O nanoparticles. ACS Sustain Chem Eng 5(8):6568–657710.1021/acssuschemeng.7b00719 ↗
48. Pandey PK, Rawat K, Aswal VK et al (2017) DNA ionogel: Structure and self-assembly. Phys Chem Chem Phys 19(1):804–81210.1039/C6CP06229F ↗
49. Guyomard-Lack A, Buchtova N, Humbert B et al (2015) Ion segregation in an ionic liquid confined within chitosan based chemical ionogels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 17(37):23947–2395110.1039/C5CP04198H ↗
50. Sharma M, Mondal D, Mukesh C et al (2013) Self-healing guar gum and guar gum-multiwalled carbon nanotubes nanocomposite gels prepared in an ionic liquid. Carbohyd Polym 98(1):1025–103010.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.074 ↗
51. Trivedi TJ, Srivastava DN, Rogers RD et al (2012) Agarose processing in protic and mixed protic–aprotic ionic liquids: dissolution, regeneration and high conductivity, high strength ionogels. Green Chem 14(10):2831–283910.1039/c2gc35906e ↗
52. Sharma A, Rawat K, Solanki PR et al (2017) Self-healing gelatin ionogels. Int J Biol Macromol 95:603–60710.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.103 ↗
53. Zhao XM, Guo SF, Li H et al (2017) One-pot synthesis of self-healable and recyclable ionogels based on polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers via Schiff base reaction. RSC Adv 7(61):38765–3877210.1039/C7RA06916B ↗
54. Prasad K, Mondal D, Sharma M et al (2018) Stimuli responsive ion gels based on polysaccharides and other polymers prepared using ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents. Carbohyd Polym 180:328–33610.1016/j.carbpol.2017.10.020 ↗
55. Raza-Karimi A, Khodadadi A (2016) Mechanically robust 3D nanostructure Chitosan-based hydrogels with autonomic self-healing properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8(40):27254–2726310.1021/acsami.6b10375 ↗
56. He Q, Huang Y, Wang S (2018) Hofmeister effect-assisted one step fabrication of ductile and strong gelatin hydrogels. Adv Funct Mater 28(5):170506910.1002/adfm.201705069 ↗
57. Seiffert S, Sprakel J (2012) Physical chemistry of supramolecular polymer networks. Chem Soc Rev 41(2):909–93010.1039/C1CS15191F ↗
58. Jiang F, Wang Z, Qao Y et al (2013) A novel architecture toward third-generation thermoplastic elastomers by a grafting strategy. Macromolecules 46(12):4772–478010.1021/ma4007472 ↗
59. Liu X, Wen Z, Wu D et al (2014) Tough BMIMCl-based ionogels exhibiting excellent and adjustable performance in high-temperature supercapacitors. J Mater Chem A 2(30):11569–1157310.1039/C4TA01944J ↗
60. Kang YJ, Chun SJ et al (2012) All-solid-state flexible supercapacitors fabricated with bacterial nanocellulose papers, carbon nanotubes, and triblock-copolymer ion gels. ACS Nano 6(7):6400–640610.1021/nn301971r ↗