Research Progress of Lithium-Ion Battery Monitoring Technology Based on Noninvasive Magnetic Induction Sensors

With the rapid development of technology, lithium-ion batteries have found increasingly widespread applications in various fields. However, traditional Battery Management Systems (BMS) face significant challenges in terms of battery state prediction accuracy and management complexity. Noninvasive magnetic induction sensors have demonstrated broad prospects in the field of battery monitoring due to their advantages such as compact size, high precision, easy integration, and nondestructive testing. This paper systematically reviews the principles and application advancements of magnetoelectric sensors, magnetoresistance sensors, and Hall sensors. Studies have shown that magnetoelectric sensors exhibit unique performance advantages in 3 MHz high-frequency current detection, achieving a sensitivity of 2.78 mV/cm Oe. Hall sensors have achieved a current measurement resolution of 20 mA in parallel battery packs, successfully detecting charging current imbalance up to 4.8 A in individual cells. Micromagnetic sensors can identify dynamic fluctuations in battery charging capacity (22 Ah) and magnetic field responses by monitoring changes in electrode magnetic susceptibility. Future research needs to further optimize sensor integration and anti-interference capabilities, explore multiphysical field coupling monitoring technologies, and promote their large-scale applications in electric vehicles, energy storage systems, and other fields.