Metallic-particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites: A review of preparation, interfacial structure, and properties
Source abstract
Abstract
Metallic-particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites have emerged as a highly promising class of advanced structural and functional materials, effectively overcoming the inherent limitations of traditional ceramic reinforcements, such as poor interfacial wettability and severe embrittlement. This paper systematically reviews recent advances in fabrication techniques, interfacial structure, and performance optimization of metallic-particle-reinforced magnesium matrix composites. Beginning with an introduction to mainstream processing technologies, this review provides a comprehensive summary of various metallic reinforcements and their corresponding interfacial reaction products, providing fundamental guidance for future composite design and interfacial tailoring. Furthermore, the outstanding advantages of these composites regarding room-temperature mechanical properties are highlighted, and their intrinsic strengthening and toughening mechanisms are elucidated in depth. Concurrently, this review systematically summarizes recent advances in their high-temperature mechanical performance and wear resistance. Finally, critical research gaps are identified, and a forward-looking perspective is proposed for developing next-generation, high-performance magnesium matrix composites through the synergistic optimization of multi-scale reinforcements and precise interfacial engineering.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties · Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications · Advanced ceramic materials synthesis
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. Synergistic enhancement of strength and ductility in Mg-7Sn alloy through combined optimization of dual-texture and low-angle grain boundary structures10.1016/j.jma.2025.101965 ↗
2. Research progress and future prospects on high speed extrudable magnesium alloys: a review
3. Review of progress on fabrication technology of Mg matrix composites10.1016/j.jma.2024.11.026 ↗
4. Research advances of magnesium and magnesium alloys globally in 202410.1016/j.jma.2025.09.034 ↗
5. Research advances of magnesium and magnesium alloys globally in 202310.1016/j.jma.2024.10.001 ↗
6. Influence of nickel addition on microstructure, strength-ductility and deformation behavior of an extruded Mg-Y-Cu alloy10.1016/j.jre.2026.03.017 ↗
7. Microstructure and mechanical properties of extruded Mg-Sn alloys with a heterogeneous grain structure10.1016/j.jma.2024.05.007 ↗
8. Recrystallization aspects and factors affecting their roles in Mg alloys: a comprehensive review10.1016/j.jma.2025.03.020 ↗
9. Harnessing the power of α-Mg: unveiling the matrix phase's role in Mg alloys from structure to function10.1016/j.jma.2025.11.008 ↗
10. Casting of particle reinforced metal matrix composite by liquid state fabrication method: a review10.1016/j.rineng.2024.103152 ↗
11. Recent progress on plastic forming of laminated metal composites: processes, heterogeneous deformation, and interfacial regulation10.1016/j.jmst.2025.01.007 ↗
12. Comprehensive study of magnesium based metal matrix composite10.1016/j.matpr.2021.04.062 ↗
13. Review on manufacturability and strengthening mechanisms of particulate reinforced Mg composites
14. The influence of particles size and its distribution on the degree of stress concentration in particulate reinforced metal matrix composites10.1016/j.msea.2018.06.067 ↗
15. Magnesium matrix composite reinforced by nanoparticles – a review10.1016/j.jma.2020.08.018 ↗
16. Study on the microstructure and performance of FeCoNiCrMn high-entropy alloy-based composites reinforced by nano-Al2O3 particles
17. Evolution of microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminum matrix composites reinforced with dual-phase heterostructures10.1016/j.msea.2024.146500 ↗
18. The potential of deformable titanium reinforced magnesium‐matrix composites: a review of preparation, characterization, and performance evaluation10.1016/j.jma.2025.06.027 ↗
19. Microstructures and mechanical properties of titanium-reinforced magnesium matrix composites: review and perspective10.1016/j.jma.2022.07.008 ↗
20. Enhanced tensile properties and wear resistance of Tip/AZ31 composites prepared by hot-press sintering
21. Effect of micron-Ti particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–3Al–1Zn based composites10.1016/j.msea.2021.142526 ↗
22. Optimizing the microstructures and enhancing the mechanical properties of AZ81 alloy by adding TC4 particles10.1016/j.msea.2022.144518 ↗
23. Hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization mechanism of Cr-Co-Ni particle-reinforced AZ31 magnesium matrix composite10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.179923 ↗
24. Development of Mg/Cu nanocomposites using microwave assisted rapid sintering10.1016/j.compscitech.2006.07.015 ↗
25. Assessing microstructural and mechanical characteristics of Ni/AZ91 composites manufactured using hot pressing technique for automotive applications10.1016/j.matchemphys.2025.130793 ↗
26. Effect of niobium particulate addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure magnesium10.1016/j.jallcom.2011.10.019 ↗
27. Enhancing thermal stability, modulus and ductility of magnesium using molybdenum as reinforcement10.1002/adem.200400137 ↗
28. Microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy reinforced with novel sub-micron vanadium particles by powder metallurgy
29. Investigating the microstructure-property relationship in Mg matrix composites reinforced by particles of different sizes using experiments combined with finite element simulation10.1016/j.powtec.2023.119220 ↗
30. Hot deformation behaviors and microstructure evolution of Mg-RE composite with trace titanium particles addition10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.181151 ↗
31. Hot deformation behavior and constitutive modeling of Ti-6Al-4V particle reinforced Mg-15Gd-1Zn-0.4Zr alloy under isothermal hot compression10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186625 ↗
32. Clarifying interfacial microstructures of Ti particle reinforced Mg-Zn-Mn composites to achieve good strength-ductility synergy10.1016/j.jma.2025.03.030 ↗
33. The interface structure and property of magnesium matrix composites: a review10.1016/j.jma.2024.04.022 ↗
34. Improved mechanical proprieties of “magnesium based composites” with titanium–aluminum hybrids10.1016/j.jma.2014.12.010 ↗
35. Regulating the bimodal structure and strength-ductility synergy of Zn-decorated Ti particles reinforced AZ91 composite through high-volume fraction Mg17Al12 precipitations10.1016/j.compositesa.2024.108376 ↗
36. Designing high-strength ductile heterostructured Mg composites via micron-scale tip inhomogeneity using accumulative extrusion bonding10.1016/j.msea.2025.148780 ↗
37. Analysis of Cu-decorated Ti particles as a reinforcement for AZ91 alloys prepared using the powder metallurgy method
38. The influence of tip aspect ratio on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and work hardening behavior of the Tip/Mg-Gd-Y-Zn composites10.1016/j.msea.2023.145981 ↗
39. Mechanical properties and work hardening behavior of Tip/Mg-Gd-Y-Zn composites10.1007/s40195-025-01898-y ↗
40. The work hardening and softening behavior of spherical Tip/Mg-5Zn-0.3Ca composite10.1016/j.jma.2024.06.028 ↗
41. Work hardening and softening behavior of Mg–Zn–Ca alloy influenced by deformable Ti particles10.1016/j.msea.2021.142336 ↗
42. Microstructure, mechanical properties and wear resistance of Ti particles reinforced AZ31 magnesium matrix composites10.1016/j.jma.2022.06.012 ↗
43. Enhancing the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of Ti/AZ91 composites through integrated extrusion and rolling continuous deformation processing10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175506 ↗
44. Stimulation of in vitro and in vivo osteogenesis by Ti-Mg alloys with the sustained-release function of magnesium ions10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111360 ↗
45. Bi-continuous Mg-Ti interpenetrating-phase composite as a partially degradable and bioactive implant material10.1016/j.jmst.2022.11.011 ↗
46. Bioactive Ti + Mg composites fabricated by powder metallurgy: the relation between the microstructure and mechanical properties10.1016/j.jmbbm.2018.10.008 ↗
47. Enhanced (X-band) microwave shielding properties of pure magnesium by addition of diamagnetic titanium micro-particulates10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.08.147 ↗
48. Material characteristics and machinability of metal matrix composite materials: a critical review on recent advances and future perspectives10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115839 ↗
49. Magnesium-based nanocomposites: lightweight materials of the future10.1016/j.matchar.2015.04.015 ↗
50. Development of a novel magnesium–copper based composite with improved mechanical properties10.1016/S0025-5408(01)00772-3 ↗
51. Effect of individual and combined addition of micro/nano-sized metallic elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of pure Mg10.1016/j.matdes.2012.01.009 ↗
52. Magnesium–nickel composite: preparation, microstructure and mechanical properties10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.06.099 ↗
53. Effect of Nano-Cu particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Cu/AZ31 composites10.1007/s12540-024-01807-5 ↗
54. Influence of Ti particle sizes on microstructure and mechanical behaviors of AZ91-Ti composites under different loading paths10.1016/j.msea.2023.145723 ↗
55. Influence of different extrusion methods on the microstructure, texture evolution and mechanical property of Tip/AZ31 composite10.1016/j.msea.2022.144377 ↗
56. Effect of Ti particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of TiP/AZ91 composites
57. Microstructural regulation and mechanical behavior of asymmetrically extruded high-content TC4p reinforced AZ31 composite10.1016/j.msea.2023.146067 ↗
58. The influence of particle types of metal reinforcement on the microstructure and properties of magnesium-based composites
59. Fabrication, microstructure and mechanical properties of novel titanium and nickel micro-particulates reinforced AZ91D magnesium alloy metal matrix hybrid composites10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.171999 ↗
60. Novel magnesium matrix hybrid composites manufactured through powder metallurgy technique
61. Effect of multi-directional compression on microstructure and mechanical properties of Tip/WE43 composite10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.176497 ↗
62. Recent advances in manufacture and application of Mg/Mg alloy powder: a comprehensive review10.1016/j.jmst.2025.10.056 ↗
63. Assessment of Ti-6Al-4V particles as a reinforcement for AZ31 magnesium alloy-based composites to boost ductility incorporated through friction stir processing10.1016/j.jma.2020.09.026 ↗
64. Titanium particulate reinforced AZ31 magnesium matrix composites with improved ductility prepared using friction stir processing10.1016/j.msea.2019.138793 ↗
65. Investigation on microstructure, mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processing of AZ31/AlFeCrMoNb surface composite10.1016/j.matchemphys.2024.129149 ↗
66. Microstructure, mechanical and wear properties of AZ31/CoCrFeNi composites fabricated by friction stir processing10.1016/S1003-6326(23)66262-4 ↗
67. Influence of micro Ti particles on resistance to cavitation erosion of Mg-xTi composites10.1016/j.mechmat.2020.103705 ↗
68. Conventional stir casting versus ultrasonic assisted stir casting process: mechanical and physical characteristics of AMCs10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.076 ↗
69. The microstructures and mechanical properties of low-cost Ti particles reinforced AZ81 composites
70. Analyses of AM50-Tip metal-metal composite microstructure10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.10.157 ↗
71. Fabrication, microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg matrix composites reinforced by high volume fraction of sphere TC4 particles10.1016/j.jma.2016.10.003 ↗
72. Microstructures and the improved mechanical properties of AZ91 alloy by incorporating Ti-6Al-4V particles
73. Effect of Ti particles size on the microstructure and mechanical properties of TiP/VW94 composites10.1016/j.msea.2022.144140 ↗
74. Effect of Ti particles on the microstructure and mechanical properties of as-extruded titanium-reinforced Mg-9Gd-4Y–1Zn–1Mn matrix composites10.1016/j.msea.2023.145278 ↗
75. Effect of Ti particles on the microstructures and mechanical properties of Ti particle reinforced Mg-9Gd-2Y–1Zn-0.5Zr composites
76. Achieving enhanced strength-ductility synergy in Mg-6Zn-1Mn alloy by introducing deformable Ti particles10.1016/j.msea.2024.147412 ↗
77. Effect of Ti6Al4V reinforcement particles on the mechanical, wear, and corrosion properties of AZ91D magnesium matrix composites
78. Improvement of strength and ductility of TC4p/AZ91D magnesium matrix composites by modifying the extrusion ratio10.1016/j.jma.2024.03.006 ↗
79. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Tip/GWZ723 composites adjusted by Tip/Mg laminate structure10.1016/j.msea.2024.146723 ↗
80. Nucleation on ceramic particles in cast metal-matrix composites10.1007/s11661-000-0124-0 ↗
81. Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al–Ca alloy influenced by SiCp size10.1016/j.msea.2015.08.087 ↗
82. Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti6Al4V particles-reinforced Mg matrix composites10.1007/s40195-016-0473-3 ↗
83. Effects of Ti reinforced particles on mechanical properties and wear properties of Mg-9Gd-4Y-2Mn-1Zn composites10.1016/j.jma.2025.06.028 ↗
84. Effect of La addition on semi-solid microstructure evolution of Mg-7Zn magnesium alloy10.1007/s41230-022-1191-2 ↗
85. Effects of Ti particle on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of TiP/AZ61 composites: experimental studies and first-principles calculations10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186266 ↗
86. Development of high strength and high thermal conductivity semi-solid magnesium alloy by thixomolding process10.4028/p-fTZBz0 ↗
87. Fabrication and deformation mechanism analysis of an AlCoCrFeNi/magnesium composite10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2025.110205 ↗
88. Development of ductile magnesium composite materials using titanium as reinforcement10.1016/S0925-8388(02)00413-9 ↗
89. Thermodynamic theory of crystal plasticity: formulation and application to polycrystal fcc copper10.1016/j.jmps.2020.103905 ↗
90. Current research status on the effects of processing and composition design of refractory high-entropy alloys on performance10.1016/j.jallcom.2025.185465 ↗
91. Effects of nano-Ti particles on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion properties of Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr alloy10.1016/j.jallcom.2026.186254 ↗
92. Wettability of pure Ti by molten pure Mg droplets10.1016/j.actamat.2009.09.039 ↗
93. Effect of Ti particles on the LPSO phase and mechanical properties of TiP/VW94 composites
94. Influence of Ti-6Al-4V particles on the interfacial microstructure and strength-ductility synergetic mechanism of AZ91 magnesium alloy10.1016/j.matchar.2022.112154 ↗
95. Impact toughness and deformation modes of Ti–6Al–4V alloy with different microstructures10.1016/j.msea.2020.140411 ↗
96. Microstructural and mechanical properties of titanium particulate reinforced magnesium composite materials10.1016/j.matchemphys.2010.05.033 ↗
97. Effect of addition of mutually soluble and insoluble metallic elements on the microstructure, tensile and compressive properties of pure magnesium10.1016/j.msea.2011.09.066 ↗
98. Microstructures and mechanical properties of ultrafine-grained Ti/AZ31 magnesium matrix composite prepared by powder metallurgy10.1016/j.apt.2018.09.001 ↗
99. Effect of Ti particles on microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–9Al–1Zn based composite sheets
100. Work hardening behavior of Ti particle reinforced AZ91 composite prepared by spark plasma sintering10.1016/j.vacuum.2020.109833 ↗