journal article·2026-05Open access

Corrosion behavior and mechanisms of structural steels in industrial atmosphere of the Southwest Plateau, China

Lili Zhang, Xiayan Wang, Bingkun Yang, Junjie Cai, Guangming Yang, Hongchi Ma, Cuiwei Du, Zhiyong Liu

Abstract

This study systematically investigated the atmospheric corrosion behavior and mechanisms of three typical structural steels (Q235, Q420, and Q420qENH) in the industrial atmosphere of the Southwest Plateau, China. One-year field exposure tests, electrochemical measurements, and surface morphology characterizations were performed to evaluate their corrosion performance. The results revealed that Q420qENH steel exhibited the best overall corrosion resistance, with the lowest corrosion rate and the mildest localized corrosion. This superior performance was mainly attributed to the synergistic effect of alloying elements including Cr–Ni–Cu, which promoted the formation of a more protective rust layer with a denser structure and a higher content of the stable α-FeOOH phase. Electrochemical analysis of the rust layers further verified the excellent corrosion-resistant characteristics of Q420qENH steel, indicating that its rust layer significantly inhibited both anodic and cathodic reactions. This research demonstrates that the corrosion resistance of structural steels in industrial atmospheres can be effectively improved by rational alloy design, which optimizes the composition and structure of the rust layer.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition · Concrete Corrosion and Durability · Structural Integrity and Reliability Analysis

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