journal article·2026-03Open access

Simultaneously overcoming metallurgical bonding and brittle intermetallic compounds of Al/Mg interface produced by compound casting through a novel HEA/Ni coating

Taoxiong Guo, Qingqing Li, Linghui Yu, Xiaopeng Yu, Ziwei Peng, Wenming Jiang

Abstract

A high-strength Al/Mg bimetallic composite was successfully fabricated using lost foam compound casting combined with a novel FeCoNiCrCu/Ni (HEA/Ni) composite coating as an intermediate layer. This study focused on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and strengthening mechanism at the Al/Mg interface after treatment with this composite coating. Results indicate that the introduction of the HEA/Ni composite coating transforms the originally brittle intermetallic compound interface layer into a multicomponent diffusion layer. This novel interface comprises a continuous AlxFeCoNiCrCu body-centered cubic (BCC) structural layer, a residual high-entropy alloy layer, and a magnesium solid solution layer containing Mg 2 Ni eutectic structures. Compared to the continuous, thick brittle Al 3 Mg 2 and Al 12 Mg 17 layers formed upon direct contact between aluminum and magnesium, the residual high-entropy alloy layer effectively suppresses mutual diffusion between aluminum and magnesium. Furthermore, the nickel coating not only resolves the diffusion reaction challenge between magnesium and the high-entropy layer but also promotes finer Mg 2 Ni particles with more uniform distribution within the reaction layer. This significantly enhances the interfacial bonding performance between the dissimilar aluminum and magnesium metals. After applying the HEA/Ni composite coating, the shear strength of the Al/Mg bimetal reached 73.63 MPa, representing a 132.05% increase compared to the untreated bimetal.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications · Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (44)

Show source-provided references
1. Evaluation of diffusion welding of 6061 aluminum and AZ31 magnesium alloys without using an interlayer10.1016/j.matdes.2014.09.020 ↗
2. Microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of Al 413/Mg joint in compound casting process10.1007/s11661-012-1296-0 ↗
3. Improving the mechanical property of dissimilar Al/Mg hybrid friction stir welding joint by PIO-ANN10.1016/j.jmst.2020.01.069 ↗
4. Enhanced strength-ductility synergy of Mg/Al laminate by coordinating the strain gradient of constituting layers10.1016/j.jmst.2025.01.052 ↗
5. Investigation of microstructure and texture evolution of a Mg/Al laminated composite elaborated by accumulative roll bonding10.1016/j.matchar.2018.11.010 ↗
6. Understanding the microstructural evolution and strengthening mechanism of Al/Mg bimetallic interface via the introduction of Y10.1016/j.msea.2022.142974 ↗
7. Microstructure evolution, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of Al-xSi/AZ91D bimetallic composites prepared by a compound casting10.1016/j.jma.2022.08.010 ↗
8. Study on the interfacial microstructure and fracture mechanism of Al/Mg composites with Zn interlayer by cyclic hot pressing
9. Influence of ni‐coating thickness on interface microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Ti bimetal via compound casting10.1002/adem.202400882 ↗
10. Investigation of Cu interlayer on joint formation of Ti/Mg bimetal fabricated by liquid–solid compound casting process10.1007/s12540-021-01027-1 ↗
11. Theoretical design and experimental study of the interlayer of Al/Mg bimetallic composite plate by solid-liquid cast rolling10.1016/j.msea.2022.142677 ↗
12. Development of prominent bonding strength in Al/Mg bimetal composites prepared by ultrasonic vibration-assisted compound casting: effects of ultrasonic powers10.1016/j.jmst.2024.03.004 ↗
13. Microstructure and mechanical performance of AZ31/2024 dissimilar alloy joints using a multi-interlayer of Ni/Al/Zn via ultrasonic-assisted transient liquid phase bonding10.1016/j.matdes.2020.109218 ↗
14. The interface bonding mechanism and related mechanical properties of Mg/Al compound materials fabricated by insert molding10.1016/j.msea.2015.03.074 ↗
15. Interfacial microstructure, mechanical properties and strengthening mechanism of Mg/Al bimetallic composites produced by a novel compound casting with the addition of Gd10.1016/j.matchar.2023.112898 ↗
16. Effect of different Ni interlayers on interfacial microstructure and bonding properties of Al/Mg bimetal using a novel compound casting10.1016/j.jmapro.2020.01.017 ↗
17. Microstructure, mechanical and wear behavior of Mg/HEA-(CNT+GNP) surface composite produced by friction stir processing10.1016/j.jmrt.2025.07.165 ↗
18. Effect of incorporating high-entropy alloy interlayer on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Steel resistance spot welded joints
19. Effect of hybrid carbonaceous reinforcement on structure, mechanical and wear properties of spark plasma sintered CrCoFeMnNi HEA/GNP+CNT composite10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.166110 ↗
20. Effect of Ti content on achieving development of mechanical properties and wear resistance of CoCrFeNiMoTix high entropy alloy10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.03.018 ↗
21. Nanostructured high‐entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes10.1002/adem.200300567 ↗
22. Effect of high entropy alloy as the interlayer on the interfacial microstructure and mechanical property of Al/steel bimetal by compound casting10.1016/j.jmrt.2023.06.046 ↗
23. Significantly improved bonding strength of Al/Mg bimetallic interface by compound casting via FeCoNiCrCu high entropy alloy coating10.1016/j.jmrt.2024.05.097 ↗
24. Numerical and experimental investigation on intermetallic compounds formation in ultrasonic vibration enhanced friction stir welding of dissimilar Al/Mg alloys10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.173426 ↗
25. Effect of HEA/Al composite interlayer on microstructure and mechanical property of Ti/Mg bimetal composite by solid-liquid compound casting10.1007/s41230-022-2105-z ↗
26. Superior bonding of Al/Mg interface by introducing nanocrystals via high-entropy alloy coating and ultrasonic vibration10.1080/21663831.2024.2427337 ↗
27. Dissimilar laser lap welding of Mg and Al alloys using a CoCrFeNi medium-entropy alloy interlayer10.1016/j.optlastec.2022.108639 ↗
28. Effect of vibration on interfacial microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg/Al bimetal prepared by a novel compound casting10.1016/j.jma.2021.11.023 ↗
29. Improving mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium/A356 aluminum bimetal prepared by compound casting via a high velocity oxygen fuel sprayed Ni coating10.1016/j.jma.2021.02.002 ↗
30. Solid‐Solution phase formation rules for multi‐component alloys10.1002/adem.200700240 ↗
31. Atomic-size and lattice-distortion effects in newly developed high-entropy alloys with multiple principal elements10.1016/j.intermet.2015.04.014 ↗
32. Microstructure characteristics and mechanical properties of cold metal transfer welding Mg/Al dissimilar metals10.1016/j.matdes.2011.05.008 ↗
33. Effect of Zn interlayer thickness on the microstructure and mechanical properties of two-step diffusion bonded joint of ZK60Mg and 5083Al10.1016/j.vacuum.2018.12.036 ↗
34. Bonding of Mg and Al with Mg–Al eutectic alloy and its application in aluminum coating on magnesium10.1016/j.jallcom.2008.03.107 ↗
35. Effect of Al thin film and Ni foil interlayer on diffusion bonded Mg–Al dissimilar joints10.1016/j.jallcom.2012.12.106 ↗
36. Microstructure and mechanical properties of mg-to-al dissimilar welded joints with an Ag interlayer using ultrasonic spot welding10.1016/j.jma.2020.04.001 ↗
37. Interfacial phenomena in magnesium/aluminum bi-metallic castings10.1016/j.msea.2013.11.093 ↗
38. Microstructure of laser-TIG hybrid welds of dissimilar Mg alloy and Al alloy with Ce as interlayer10.1016/j.scriptamat.2006.04.025 ↗
39. Interface formation in magnesium/aluminium bimetallic castings with a nickel interlayer10.1080/13640461.2016.1164915 ↗
40. Removing the oxide layer on the A380 substrate of AM60/A380 bimetallic castings by the zincate process followed with galvanizing10.1016/j.vacuum.2017.11.003 ↗
41. Significantly enhanced Mg/Al bimetallic interface by compound casting via combination of Gd addition and vibration10.1007/s11661-023-07118-5 ↗
42. Inhibition of intermetallic compounds using pure Ni or Ni–Al2O3 nanocomposite coating during the ultrasonic-assisted soldering of Mg/Al dissimilar metals10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2024.118417 ↗
43. Influence of inclusion Sb2O3/NiO nanostructures on the morphological, microstructural, and optical characteristics of PVA polymeric for gamma-ray shielding applications10.18280/rcma.350319 ↗
44. Modified dosimetric features of new type of lithium borate glass system: role of magnesium and gold Co-doping