journal article·2025-11Open access

Twinned substructure and hardening of low carbon lath martensite by high and atmospheric pressure quenching

Liu Yang, Xinwei Wang, Chuanjia Du, Ning Lu, Changji Li, Hongwang Zhang

Abstract

A low carbon steel (0.2 wt.% C) was quenched from 1000 o C under atmospheric quenching (APQ) into water, and under high pressure (HPQ) of 5 GPa at 10 o C/s. Both APQ and HPQ lead to lath martensite with twinned substructure, showing a hardness of 450 HV and 700 HV, respectively. The twinned substructure has the origin of pairing of twin-related martensitic variants, which was promoted as austenite strength increases with high pressure. The hardening was mainly due to the substantially enhanced densities of boundaries and dislocations, whereas solid solution by carbon is of minority (<10%). The underlying causes responsible for the martensitic substructure and the hardening for martensitic transformation were discussed. Highlights : • Variant pairing rather than the strain accommodation mode is responsible for the twinned substructure for lath martensite. • Variant size and the interior dislocations are responsible for the hardening for the lath martensite in low carbon steel.
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Research context

OpenAlex topics: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels · Metal Alloys Wear and Properties · Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals

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