Test methods used in the evaluation of the structure features of the restorative materials: a literature review

The prosthetic materials used in dentistry can generally be classified into different categories as measurement, restorative, cements and soft liner materials. Different tests are used in the measurement of the resistance and surface properties of these materials. The aim of this study was to given information about mechanical properties of materials, mechanical tests, test are used evaluated the surface hardness and roughness. Mechanical tests involve shear, micro-shear, tensile, micro-tensile, shear-tensile, torsion, compression, fatigue strength and flexure tests. Hardness tests are Brinell, Vickers, Knoop, Rockwell, Shore A and Barcol tests. Surface roughness tests are conducted using profilometers, scanner electron microscope and atomic force microscope. In addition, the internal structure of the materials is also tested by doing absorption and coloring tests. With the mechanical tests, the durability of the materials under the chewing pressure is measured, and with the surface roughness tests, measures are taken for the irritation of the oral tissues. Various in vitro tests are required to evaluate the materials used in the oral environment.