journal article·2024-07Open access

The twin formation under electric current stressing and its effect on the properties of copper

Ming-Feng Wu, Kwang-Lung Lin

Abstract

Copper as one of the major electronic metals will experience electric current stressing during electronics application. The study comprehensively investigated microhardness and electrical resistivity variations of copper under current stressing at current densities 1.4 x 104 and 1.7 × 104 A/cm2 for up to 8 h. The variations in these properties were correlated with dislocation density and twin fraction. The dislocation density and twin fraction were estimated, respectively, with high resolution transmission electron microscope and Electron Backscatter Diffraction. The twin boundary acts as obstacle to dislocation movement as revealed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The twin boundary predominates over dislocation in governing the microhardness and electrical resistivity of copper under current stressing.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Electromagnetic Effects on Materials · Microstructure and mechanical properties · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (36)

Show source-provided references
1. Hall–Petch relation and boundary strengthening10.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.06.002 ↗
2. The formation of twinned metallic crystals10.1098/rspa.1926.0144 ↗
3. Unidirectional growth of microbumps on (111)-oriented and nanotwinned copper10.1126/science.1216511 ↗
4. Inhibiting the detrimental Cu protrusion in Cu through-silicon-via during thermal annealing by introducing highly (111)-oriented nanotwinned Cu10.1016/j.scriptamat.2021.113782 ↗
5. Formation of incoherent deformation twin boundaries in a coarse-grained Al-7Mg alloy10.1063/1.4929683 ↗
6. Forming incoherent twin boundaries: a new way for nanograin growth under cyclic loading10.1080/21663831.2016.1203365 ↗
7. Enhanced high-temperature tensile property by gradient twin structure of duplex high-Nb-containing TiAl alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2018.09.007 ↗
8. Impact of coherent and incoherent twin boundaries on the microhardness of annealed nanocrystalline Ni–W alloys10.1080/09500839.2017.1390324 ↗
9. In-situ TEM study of dislocation-twin boundaries interaction in nanotwinned Cu films
10. Highly textured and twinned Cu films fabricated by pulsed electrodeposition10.1016/j.actamat.2007.04.009 ↗
11. Atomicscale studies on the effect of boundary coherency on stability in twinned Cu10.1063/1.4861610 ↗
12. Strain hardening and softening in nanotwinned Cu10.1016/j.scriptamat.2013.02.051 ↗
13. Ultrahigh strength and high electrical conductivity in copper10.1126/science.1092905 ↗
14. Stability of nanoscale twins in coppere under electric current stressing
15. Annealing twins in nanocrystalline fcc metals: a molecular dynamics simulation10.1103/PhysRevB.75.184111 ↗
16. Formation of annealing twins in f.c.c. crystals10.1016/S1359-6454(96)00336-9 ↗
17. Formation of annealing twins during grain growth10.1063/1.1699536 ↗
18. Nano-sized twins induce high rate sensitivity of flow stress in pure copper, Act
19. Non-deformation recrystallization of metal with electric current stressing10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.06.032 ↗
20. A comprehensive study of electromigration in pure Sn: effects on crystallinity, microstructure, and electrical property10.1016/j.actamat.2020.09.010 ↗
21. Disruption of crystalline structure of Sn3.5Ag induced by electric current10.1063/1.4944033 ↗
22. Electro-work hardening of metals induced by the athermal electromigration effect10.1016/j.msea.2019.138689 ↗
23. Strengthening of Inconel 600 alloy with electric current stressing
24. Measurement of sheet resistivities with the four-point probe10.1002/j.1538-7305.1958.tb03883.x ↗
25. Annealing twin formation mechanism
26. On the Schmid's law for the electric current-induced deformation: an in situ EBSD study10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2019.105295 ↗
27. Dislocation densities in some annealed and cold-worked metals from measurements on the X-ray debye-scherrer spectrum10.1080/14786435608238074 ↗
28. Dislocation clustering and long-range internal stresses in monotonically and cyclically deformed metal crystals10.1051/rphysap:01988002304036700 ↗
29. Grain rotation and coupled grain boundary motion in two-dimensional binary hexagonal materials10.1016/j.actamat.2021.117583 ↗
30. The diminishing of crystal structure of Sn9Zn alloy due to electrical current stressing10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.170 ↗
31. Electrical resistivity of dislocations in metals10.1088/0305-4608/7/7/026 ↗
32. Effects of grain boundaries on electrical properties of copper wire
33. Nano-sized twins induce high rate sensitivity of flow stress in pure copper, Act
34. Calculated resistances of single grain boundaries in copper10.1103/PhysRevApplied.2.044007 ↗
35. Ultrahigh strength and high electrical conductivity in copper10.1126/science.1092905 ↗
36. Electrical resistivity model for polycrystalline films: the case of specular reflection at external surfaces10.1063/1.1652680 ↗