Design and development of thermo-electromagnetic system for spinodal decompositions of FeCrCo alloys

Permanent magnets are essential components of electromechanical devices. Majority of magnets are used in permanent magnet motors that have extensive application in relation to energy efficiency and sustainability like electric vehicles. This research is aimed for efficient manufacturing of FeCrCo permanent magnets. Electromagnets could be utilized for the generation of continuous magnetic field to use in number of manufacturing processes. A two-pole electromagnet, comprising of two solenoids each having 2200 turns of copper wire, was developed. The system was designed to produce magnetic field up to 10 kilo Gauss for spinodal decomposition of FeCrCo alloy samples under thermomagnetic treatment process. Being rare earth free alloys, FeCrCo magnet is gaining research focus as an alternative magnetic alloy for advanced applications. The electromagnetic system design was refined and confirmed by using the Finite Element Method. The experimental values, of magnetic field generated by the two-pole electromagnet setup, were well close to the simulation results. The magnetizing setup was utilized to treat the FeCrCo magnetic alloy samples simultaneously at high temperature (700 °C) and magnetic field (7 kilo Gauss). This thermo-magnetic setup helped to improve the metallurgical structures of FeCrCo to grow and develop more efficiently. Treated samples of FeCrCo alloy demonstrated enhanced magnetic properties due to effective spinodal decomposition. The improvement in magnetic properties was attributed to the elimination of retained alpha phase and formation of more alpha-1 phase.