journal article·2022-11-22Open access

Chiral Spin Textures for Next-Generation Memory and Unconventional Computing

M. S. Nicholas Tey, Xiaoye Chen, Anjan Soumyanarayanan, Pin Ho

ACS Applied Electronic Materials· Volume 4· Issue 11

Abstract

The realization of chiral spin textures, comprising myriad distinct, nanoscale arrangements of spins with topological properties, has established pathways for engineering robust, energy-efficient, and scalable elements for non-volatile nanoelectronics. Particularly, current-induced manipulation of spin textures in nanowire racetracks and tunnel junction based devices are actively investigated for applications in memory, logic, and unconventional computing. In this Article, we paint a background on the progress of spin textures, as well as the relevant state-of-the-art techniques used for their development. In particular, we clarify the competing energy landscape of chiral spin textures─skyrmions and chiral domain walls, to tune their size, density, and zero-field stability. Next, we discuss the spin texture phenomenology and their response to extrinsic factors arising from geometric constraints, interwire interactions, and thermal-electrical effects. Finally, we reveal promising chiral spintronic memory and neuromorphic devices and discuss emerging material and device engineering opportunities.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Magnetic properties of thin films · Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices · Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

Affiliations

Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 138632 Singapore

Physics Department, National University of Singapore, 117551 Singapore

Funding

Agency for Science, Technology and Research

References (93)

Show source-provided references
1. 10.1038/nmat330410.1038/nmat3304 ↗
2. 10.1038/nnano.2015.5010.1038/nnano.2015.50 ↗
3. 10.1016/S1369-7021(06)71693-510.1016/S1369-7021(06)71693-5 ↗
4. 10.1038/nmat280410.1038/nmat2804 ↗
5. 10.1088/0022-3727/35/19/20110.1088/0022-3727/35/19/201 ↗
6. 10.1088/0022-3727/46/7/07400310.1088/0022-3727/46/7/074003 ↗
7. 10.1016/j.physrep.2022.02.00110.1016/j.physrep.2022.02.001 ↗
8. 10.1021/acsaelm.0c0031810.1021/acsaelm.0c00318 ↗
9. 10.1103/PhysRevB.38.914510.1103/PhysRevB.38.9145 ↗
10. 10.1103/PhysRevB.45.1259610.1103/PhysRevB.45.12596 ↗
12. 10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.05.04110.1016/j.apsusc.2005.05.041 ↗
13. 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.17720410.1103/PhysRevLett.110.177204 ↗
14. 10.1038/ncomms367110.1038/ncomms3671 ↗
15. 10.1002/pssb.222186022310.1002/pssb.2221860223 ↗
16. 10.1038/ncomms1476110.1038/ncomms14761 ↗
17. 10.1016/S0304-8853(97)01044-510.1016/S0304-8853(97)01044-5 ↗
18. 10.1038/natrevmats.2017.3110.1038/natrevmats.2017.31 ↗
19. 10.1038/nature1982010.1038/nature19820 ↗
20. 10.1063/1.32471610.1063/1.324716 ↗
21. 10.1016/0304-8853(96)00062-510.1016/0304-8853(96)00062-5 ↗
22. 10.1063/1.490244310.1063/1.4902443 ↗
23. 10.1038/srep0182910.1038/srep01829 ↗
24. 10.1016/0375-9601(71)90196-410.1016/0375-9601(71)90196-4 ↗
25. 10.1103/RevModPhys.87.121310.1103/RevModPhys.87.1213 ↗
26. 10.1016/0038-1098(90)90963-C10.1016/0038-1098(90)90963-C ↗
27. 10.1038/nmat436010.1038/nmat4360 ↗
28. 10.1038/nnano.2017.15110.1038/nnano.2017.151 ↗
29. 10.1126/science.121819710.1126/science.1218197 ↗
30. 10.1038/nmat302010.1038/nmat3020 ↗
31. 10.1038/nmat367510.1038/nmat3675 ↗
32. 10.1038/nnano.2015.4110.1038/nnano.2015.41 ↗
33. 10.1126/science.114579910.1126/science.1145799 ↗
34. 10.1038/srep0678410.1038/srep06784 ↗
35. 10.1063/1.494573810.1063/1.4945738 ↗
36. 10.1038/ncomms1027510.1038/ncomms10275 ↗
37. 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b0472210.1021/acs.nanolett.7b04722 ↗
38. 10.7567/APEX.11.03010110.7567/APEX.11.030101 ↗
39. 10.1088/1361-6528/aa7af510.1088/1361-6528/aa7af5 ↗
40. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.06401810.1103/PhysRevApplied.9.064018 ↗
41. 10.1039/C5NR08865H10.1039/C5NR08865H ↗
42. 10.1109/LMAG.2015.239207910.1109/LMAG.2015.2392079 ↗
43. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.02406410.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.024064 ↗
44. 10.1088/1361-6463/ac09b610.1088/1361-6463/ac09b6 ↗
45. 10.1038/s41467-021-24114-810.1038/s41467-021-24114-8 ↗
46. 10.1021/nl102351810.1021/nl1023518 ↗
47. 10.1088/0957-4484/26/37/37530110.1088/0957-4484/26/37/375301 ↗
48. 10.1063/1.473789910.1063/1.4737899 ↗
49. 10.1109/LMAG.2015.240211310.1109/LMAG.2015.2402113 ↗
50. 10.1088/1367-2630/18/5/05302810.1088/1367-2630/18/5/053028 ↗
51. 10.1109/20.61969810.1109/20.619698 ↗
52. 10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.12.02110.1016/j.jmmm.2007.12.021 ↗
53. 10.1103/PhysRevB.82.21441110.1103/PhysRevB.82.214411 ↗
54. 10.1109/TMAG.2016.252697210.1109/TMAG.2016.2526972 ↗
55. 10.1038/nmat493410.1038/nmat4934 ↗
56. 10.1063/1.493510410.1063/1.4935104 ↗
57. 10.1063/1.216763310.1063/1.2167633 ↗
58. 10.1038/srep4533010.1038/srep45330 ↗
59. 10.1103/PhysRevB.95.18442310.1103/PhysRevB.95.184423 ↗
60. 10.1038/nphys388310.1038/nphys3883 ↗
61. Reichhardt, C.; Reichhardt, C.; Milosevic, M. Statics and dynamics of skyrmions interacting with pinning: a review.arXiv:2102.104642021.10.1103/RevModPhys.94.035005 ↗
62. 10.1103/PhysRevB.88.18442210.1103/PhysRevB.88.184422 ↗
63. 10.1103/PhysRevB.62.211810.1103/PhysRevB.62.2118 ↗
64. Wu, L.; Rao, S.; Taouil, M.; Marinissen, E. J.; Kar, G. S.; Hamdioui, S. Impact of magnetic coupling and density on STT-MRAM performance; 2020 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition; IEEE, 2020; pp 1211–1216.10.23919/DATE48585.2020.9116444 ↗
65. 10.1109/TCAD.2017.269796310.1109/TCAD.2017.2697963 ↗
66. 10.1063/1.184771410.1063/1.1847714 ↗
67. 10.1063/1.495300810.1063/1.4953008 ↗
68. 10.1109/TCSI.2018.286693210.1109/TCSI.2018.2866932 ↗
69. 10.1016/j.neucom.2020.10.06410.1016/j.neucom.2020.10.064 ↗
70. 10.1038/s41928-018-0054-810.1038/s41928-018-0054-8 ↗
71. 10.1038/s41928-020-0385-010.1038/s41928-020-0385-0 ↗
72. 10.3389/fncom.2015.0009910.3389/fncom.2015.00099 ↗
73. Tey, M. S. N.; Chen, X.; Ho, P.; Soumyanarayanan, A.Private Communication2022.
74. 10.1038/nnano.2014.32410.1038/nnano.2014.324 ↗
75. 10.1038/ncomms1029310.1038/ncomms10293 ↗
76. 10.1002/adfm.20190714010.1002/adfm.201907140 ↗
77. 10.1038/s41563-019-0468-310.1038/s41563-019-0468-3 ↗
78. 10.1038/s41565-018-0345-210.1038/s41565-018-0345-2 ↗
79. 10.1038/s41467-018-03378-710.1038/s41467-018-03378-7 ↗
80. 10.1038/s41563-021-01005-310.1038/s41563-021-01005-3 ↗
81. 10.1038/s41467-019-10815-810.1038/s41467-019-10815-8 ↗
82. 10.1038/s41567-018-0049-410.1038/s41567-018-0049-4 ↗
83. 10.1038/nature1572310.1038/nature15723 ↗
84. 10.1038/s41467-017-02813-510.1038/s41467-017-02813-5 ↗
85. 10.1088/0957-4484/22/25/25400610.1088/0957-4484/22/25/254006 ↗
86. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.05404910.1103/PhysRevApplied.13.054049 ↗
87. 10.1109/JXCDC.2021.313803810.1109/JXCDC.2021.3138038 ↗
88. 10.1038/s41598-021-94975-y10.1038/s41598-021-94975-y ↗
89. 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.05402010.1103/PhysRevApplied.14.054020 ↗
90. 10.1016/j.cosrev.2018.11.00210.1016/j.cosrev.2018.11.002 ↗
91. 10.1103/PhysRevB.105.22450910.1103/PhysRevB.105.224509 ↗
92. 10.1103/PhysRevB.93.22450510.1103/PhysRevB.93.224505 ↗
93. 10.1103/PhysRevB.101.02451410.1103/PhysRevB.101.024514 ↗