journal article·2026-03-01

Out-of-Plane Structural Performance of Stack Bond Masonry Walls with Bond Beams

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ACI Structural Journal· Volume 123· Issue 2
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OpenAlex topics: Masonry and Concrete Structural Analysis · Seismic Performance and Analysis · Civil and Structural Engineering Research

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References (20)

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6. Fattal, S. G., and Cattaneo, L. E., “Structural Performance of Masonry Walls Under Compression and Flexure,” National Bureau of Standards Building Science Series, V. 73, 1976, pp. 1-57. doi: 10.6028/NBS.BSS.7310.6028/NBS.BSS.73 ↗
7. Liu, Y.; Dawe, J.; and Moxon, D., “Reinforced Masonry Concrete Block Walls Under Combined Axial and Uniformly Distributed Lateral Load,” Proceedings of the 13th International Brick and Block Masonry Conference, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 2004, pp. 1-10.
8. Liu, Y., and Dawe, J. L., “Experimental Determination of Masonry Beam-Column Behaviour,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 28, No. 5, 2001, pp. 794-803. doi: 10.1139/l01-04710.1139/l01-047 ↗
9. Yokel, F. Y.; Mathey, R. G.; and Dikkers, R. D., “Strength of Masonry Walls Under Compressive and Transverse Loads,” National Bureau of Standards Building Science Series, V. 34, 1971, pp. 1-68. doi: 10.6028/NBS.BSS.3410.6028/NBS.BSS.34 ↗
10. Sparling, A., and Palermo, D., “Response of Full-Scale Slender Masonry Walls with Conventional and NSM Steel Reinforcement Subjected to Axial and Out-of-Plane Loads,” Journal of Structural Engineering, ASCE, V. 149, No. 1, 2023, p. 04022208. doi: 10.1061/JSENDH.STENG-1136410.1061/JSENDH/STENG-11364 ↗
11. Abboud, B. E.; Hamid, A. A.; and Harris, H. G., “Flexural Behaviour of Reinforced Concrete Masonry Walls under Out-of-Plane Monotonic Loads,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 93, No. 3, May-June 1996, pp. 327-336. doi: 10.14359/969210.14359/9692 ↗
12. Hamid, A. A.; Abboud, B. E.; Farah, M. W.; Hatem, M. K.; and Harris, H. G., “Response of Reinforced Block Masonry Walls to Out-of-Plane Static Loads,” National Science Foundation, Washington, DC, 1989, 130 pp.
13. Mackintosh, A., and Dickey, W. L., “Results of Variation of ‘b’ or Effective Width in Flexure in Concrete Block Panels,” Masonry Institute of America, Torrance, CA, 1971.
14. Sparling, A.; Palermo, D.; and Hashemian, F., “Out-of-Plane Flexural Testing and Stiffness Response of Concrete Masonry Walls with NSM Steel Reinforcement,” Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, V. 48, No. 7, 2020, pp. 749-762. doi: 10.1139/cjce-2019-068510.1139/cjce-2019-0685 ↗
15. Heydariha, Z.; Ghaednia, H.; and Das, S., “Effect of Grout Strength and Block Size on the Performance of Masonry Beam,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 157, 2017, pp. 685-693. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.13010.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.130 ↗
16. Zohrehheydariha, J.; Das, S.; and Banting, B., “Effect of Unit Bonding Patterns on the Structural Performance of Loadbearing Concrete Block Masonry Beams,” Journal of Structural Engineering, V. 145, No. 1, 2019, p. 04018233. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.000223410.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002234 ↗
17. CSA A165.1-19, “Concrete Block Masonry Units,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2019.
18. CSA A179-19, “Mortar and Grout for Unit Masonry,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2019.
19. ASTM E8/E8M-22, “Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2022, 31 pp.
20. CSA A371-14, “Masonry Construction for Buildings,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada, 2014.