journal article·2025-01-01

Cyclic Loading Test for Interior Precast Beam-Column Joints Using Slag-Based Concrete

Authors not provided

ACI Structural Journal· Volume 122· Issue 1
Publisher page

Abstract

To reduce CO2 emissions of concrete, a slag-based zero-cement concrete (ZC) of high strength (60 MPa [8.70 ksi]) was developed.In the present study, cyclic loading tests were conducted to investigate the seismic performance of full-scale interior precast beam-column joints using the new ZC.One monolithic portland cement-based normal concrete (NC) beam-column joint and two precast ZC beam-column joints were tested.The test parameters included concrete type, fabrication method, and beam bottom bar anchorage detail.The structural performance was evaluated, including the strength, deformation capacity, damage mode, and energy dissipation.The test results showed that the structural performance of the precast ZC beam-column joints could be equivalent, or superior, to that of the monolithic NC beam-column joint.Although the reinforcement details of the ZC joints do not satisfy the seismic design requirements of special moment frames in ACI 318-19, the seismic performance of the ZC joints satisfied the requirements of ACI 374.1-05 and AIJ 2002 Guidelines.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Innovative concrete reinforcement materials · Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (46)

Show source-provided references
1. Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute, “Environmental Product Declaration Emission Factor (Korea LCI DB),” Seoul, South Korea, Aug. 2021, https://ecosq.or.kr/websquare.do#w2xPath=/ui/cer/ep/oa/EPOA310M04.xml.
2. Mo, K. H.; Alengaram, U. J.; and Jumaat, M. Z., “Structural Performance of Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Members: A Review,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 120, Sept. 2016, pp. 251-264. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.08810.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.05.088 ↗
3. Vashistha, P.; Park, S.; and Pyo, S., “A Review on Sustainable Fabrication of Futuristic Cementitious Binders Based on Application of Waste Concrete Powder, Steel Slags, and Coal Bottom Ash,” International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, V. 16, No. 1, Dec. 2022, Article No. 51. doi: 10.1186/s40069-022-00541-910.1186/s40069-022-00541-9 ↗
4. Bakhoum, E. S., and Mater, Y. M., “Decision Analysis for the Influence of Incorporating Waste Materials on Green Concrete Properties,” International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials, V. 16, No. 1, Dec. 2022, Article No. 63. doi: 10.1186/s40069-022-00553-510.1186/s40069-022-00553-5 ↗
5. Yang, K.-H., and Song, J.-G., “The Properties and Applications of Alkali-Activated Concrete with No Cement,” Magazine of the Korea Concrete Institute, V. 19, No. 2, Mar. 2007, pp. 42-48.
6. Amran, Y. H. M.; Alyousef, R.; Alabduljabbar, H.; and El-Zeadani, M., “Clean Production and Properties of Geopolymer Concrete; A Review,” Journal of Cleaner Production, V. 251, Apr. 2020, Article No. 119679. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.11967910.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119679 ↗
7. Patil, A. A.; Chore, H. S.; and Dode, P. A., “Effect of Curing Condition on Strength of Geopolymer Concrete,” Advances in Concrete Construction, V. 2, No. 1, Mar. 2014, pp. 29-37. doi: 10.12989/acc.2014.2.1.02910.12989/acc.2014.2.1.029 ↗
8. Olivia, M., and Nikraz, H., “Properties of Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete Designed by Taguchi Method,” Materials & Design (1980-2015), V. 36, Apr. 2012, pp. 191-198.10.1016/j.matdes.2011.10.036 ↗
9. Topark-Ngarm, P.; Chindaprasirt, P.; and Sata, V., “Setting Time, Strength, and Bond of High-Calcium Fly Ash Geopolymer Concrete,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, ASCE, V. 27, No. 7, July 2015, p. 04014198. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.000115710.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001157 ↗
10. Li, N.; Shi, C.; Zhang, Z.; Zhu, D.; Hwang, H.-J.; Zhu, Y.; and Sun, T., “A Mixture Proportioning Method for the Development of Performance-Based Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Concrete,” Cement and Concrete Composites, V. 93, Oct. 2018, pp. 163-174. doi: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.00910.1016/j.cemconcomp.2018.07.009 ↗
11. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; and Shashikala, A. P., “Development of Ground-Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag-Dolomite Geopolymer Concrete,” ACI Materials Journal, V. 116, No. 6, Nov. 2019, pp. 235-243.10.14359/51716981 ↗
12. Khan, M. Z. N.; Shaikh, F. U. A.; Hao, Y.; and Hao, H., “Synthesis of High Strength Ambient Cured Geopolymer Composite by Using Low Calcium Fly Ash,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 125, Oct. 2016, pp. 809-820. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.09710.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.097 ↗
13. Wu, C.; Hwang, H.-J.; Shi, C.; Li, N.; and Du, Y., “Shear Tests on Reinforced Slag-Based Geopolymer Concrete Beams with Transverse Reinforcement,” Engineering Structures, V. 219, Sept. 2020, Article No. 110966. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.11096610.1016/j.engstruct.2020.110966 ↗
14. Du, Y.; Wang, J.; Shi, C.; Hwang, H.-J.; and Li, N., “Flexural Behavior of Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Concrete Beams,” Engineering Structures, V. 229, Feb. 2021, Article No. 111644. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.11164410.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111644 ↗
15. Mao, Y.; Hwang, H.-J.; Du, Y.; Su, J.; Hu, X.; Liu, Y.; and Shi, C., “Bond and Anchorage Performance of Beam Flexural Bars in Beam-Column Joints Using Slag-Based Geopolymer Concrete and Their Effect on Seismic Performance,” Engineering Structures, V. 273, Dec. 2022, Article No. 115062. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2022.11506210.1016/j.engstruct.2022.115062 ↗
16. Mao, Y.; Du, Y.; Hwang, H.-J.; Su, J.; Hu, X.; Liu, Y.; and Shi, C., “Seismic Performance of Interior Beam‐Column Joints Using Reinforced Slag‐Based Geopolymer Concrete,” Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics, V. 52, No. 2, Feb. 2023, pp. 285-307.10.1002/eqe.3760 ↗
17. Liu, Y.; Zhou, F.; Shen, Y.; Hwang, H.-J.; Du, Y.; Mao, Y.; and Shi, C., “Shear Transfer Strength of Alkali-Activated Slag-Based Concrete,” Journal of Building Engineering, V. 70, July 2023, Article No. 106304. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2023.10630410.1016/j.jobe.2023.106304 ↗
18. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19) (Reapproved 2022),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2019, 624 pp.
19. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; and Shashikala, A. P., “Performance Evaluation of Geopolymer Concrete Beams under Monotonic Loading,” Structures, V. 20, Aug. 2019, pp. 560-569. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2019.06.01010.1016/j.istruc.2019.06.010 ↗
20. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; Shashikala, A. P.; and Salam, A. P., “Flexural Behaviour of GGBS-Dolomite Geopolymer Concrete Beams under Cyclic Loading,” Materials Science Forum, V. 969, 2019, pp. 291-296. doi: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.969.29110.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.969.291 ↗
21. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; and Shashikala, A. P., “Behaviour of GGBS-Dolomite Geopolymer Concrete Beam-Column Joints under Monotonic Loading,” Structures, V. 25, June 2020, pp. 47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.istruc.2020.02.02110.1016/j.istruc.2020.02.021 ↗
22. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; and Shashikala, A. P., “Behaviour of GGBS-Dolomite Geopolymer Concrete Short Column under Axial Loading,” Journal of Building Engineering, V. 30, July 2020, Article No. 101232. doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2020.10123210.1016/j.jobe.2020.101232 ↗
23. Saranya, P.; Nagarajan, P.; and Shashikala, A. P., “Seismic Performance of Geopolymer Concrete Beam-Column Joints under Reverse Cyclic Loading,” Innovative Infrastructure Solutions, V. 6, No. 2, June 2021, Article No. 92.10.1007/s41062-021-00474-4 ↗
24. Tran, T. T.; Pham, T. M.; and Hao, H., “Experimental and Analytical Investigation on Flexural Behaviour of Ambient Cured Geopolymer Concrete Beams Reinforced with Steel Fibers,” Engineering Structures, V. 200, Dec. 2019, Article No. 109707. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.10970710.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109707 ↗
25. Tran, T. T.; Pham, T. M.; and Hao, H., “Effect of Hybrid Fibers on Shear Behaviour of Geopolymer Concrete Beams Reinforced by Basalt Fiber Reinforced Polymer (BFRP) Bars without Stirrups,” Composite Structures, V. 243, July 2020, Article No. 112236. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.11223610.1016/j.compstruct.2020.112236 ↗
26. Huang, Z.; Chen, W.; Hao, H.; Chen, Z.; Pham, T. M.; Tran, T. T.; and Elchalakani, M., “Shear Behaviour of Ambient Cured Geopolymer Concrete Beams Reinforced with BFRP Bars under Static and Impact Loads,” Engineering Structures, V. 231, Mar. 2021, Article No. 111730. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2020.11173010.1016/j.engstruct.2020.111730 ↗
27. Huang, J.-Q.; Kumar, S.; and Dai, J.-G., “Flexural Performance of Steel-Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete One-Way Slabs: Experimental and Numerical Investigations,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 366, Feb. 2023, Article No. 130098. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.13009810.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.130098 ↗
28. Ngo, T. T.; Tran, T. T.; Pham, T. M.; and Hao, H., “Performance of Geopolymer Concrete in Monolithic and Non-Corrosive Dry Joints Using CFRP Bolts under Cyclic Loading,” Composite Structures, V. 258, Feb. 2021, Article No. 113394. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2020.11339410.1016/j.compstruct.2020.113394 ↗
29. Huang, Z.; Khan, M. Z. N.; Chen, W.; Hao, H.; Wu, Y.; Pham, T. M.; and Elchalakani, M., “Experimental and Numerical Study of the Performance of Geopolymer Concrete Columns Reinforced with BFRP Bars Subjected to Lateral Impact Loading,” Construction and Building Materials, V. 357, Nov. 2022, Article No. 129362. doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.12936210.1016/j.conbuildmat.2022.129362 ↗
30. Tran, T. T.; Pham, T. M.; Huang, Z.; Chen, W.; Ngo, T. T.; Hao, H.; and Elchalakani, M., “Effect of Fibre Reinforcements on Shear Capacity of Geopolymer Concrete Beams Subjected to Impact Load,” International Journal of Impact Engineering, V. 159, Jan. 2022, Article No. 104056. doi: 10.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.10405610.1016/j.ijimpeng.2021.104056 ↗
31. Chen, C.; Zhang, X.; and Hao, H., “Investigation on the Impact Resistance of Reinforced Geopolymer Concrete Slab,” Journal of Cleaner Production, V. 406, June 2023, Article No. 137144. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.13714410.1016/j.jclepro.2023.137144 ↗
32. Raj, S. D.; Ganesan, N.; Abraham, R.; and Raju, A., “Behavior of Geopolymer and Conventional Concrete Beam Column Joints under Reverse Cyclic Loading,” Advances in Concrete Construction, V. 4, No. 3, Sept. 2016, pp. 161-172. doi: 10.12989/acc.2016.4.3.16110.12989/acc.2016.4.3.161 ↗
33. Datta, M., and Premkumar, G., “Comparative Study of Geopolymer Concrete with Steel Fibers in Beam Column Joint,” International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology (IJCIET), V. 9, No. 4, Apr. 2018, pp. 234-247.
34. ACI Committee 374, “Acceptance Criteria for Moment Frames Based on Structural Testing and Commentary (ACI 374.1-05) (Reapproved 2019),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2005, 9 pp.
35. KDS 14 20 80:2023, “Structural Concrete Design Code (Strength Design Method): Earthquake Design,” Korea Construction Standards Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, South Korea, 2023. (in Korean)
36. Joint ACI-ASCE Committee 352, “Recommendations for Design of Beam-Column Connections in Monolithic Reinforced Concrete Structures (ACI 352R-02) (Reapproved 2010),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2002, 38 pp.
37. KS F 4044:2019, “Hydraulic-Cement Grout (Nonshrink),” Korean Industrial Standards, Chungcheongbuk-do, South Korea, 2019. (in Korean)
38. Park, R., “Evaluation of Ductility of Structures and Structural Assemblages from Laboratory Testing,” Bulletin of the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering, V. 22, No. 3, 1989, pp. 155-166. doi: 10.5459/bnzsee.22.3.155-16610.5459/bnzsee.22.3.155-166 ↗
39. Hwang, H.-J.; Park, H.-G.; Choi, W.-S.; Chung, L.; and Kim, J.-K., “Cyclic Loading Test for Beam-Column Connections with 600 MPa (87 ksi) Beam Flexural Reinforcing Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 111, No. 4, July-Aug. 2014, pp. 913-924. doi: 10.14359/5168692010.14359/51686920 ↗
40. Hwang, H.-J.; Eom, T.-S.; and Park, H.-G., “Bond-Slip Relationship of Beam Flexural Bars in Interior Beam-Column Joints,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2015, pp. 827-837. doi: 10.14359/5168770810.14359/51687708 ↗
41. Hwang, H.-J.; Eom, T.-S.; and Park, H.-G., “Shear Strength Degradation Model for Performance-Based Design of Interior Beam-Column Joints,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 114, No. 5, Sept.-Oct. 2017, pp. 1143-1154. doi: 10.14359/5170078010.14359/51700780 ↗
42. Park, H.-G.; Hwang, H.-J.; Lee, C.-H.; Park, C.-H.; and Lee, C.-N., “Cyclic Loading Test for Concrete-Filled U-Shaped Steel Beam–RC Column Connections,” Engineering Structures, V. 36, Mar. 2012, pp. 325-336. doi: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.03310.1016/j.engstruct.2011.12.033 ↗
43. Eom, T.-S.; Hwang, H.-J.; and Park, H.-G., “Energy-Based Hysteresis Model for Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 112, No. 2, Mar.-Apr. 2015, pp. 157-166.10.14359/51687404 ↗
44. Hwang, H.-J., and Park, H.-G., “Requirements of Shear Strength and Hoops for Performance-Based Design of Interior Beam-Column Joints,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 116, No. 2, Mar. 2019, pp. 245-256. doi: 10.14359/5171329010.14359/51713290 ↗
45. Hwang, H.-J., and Park, H.-G., “Performance-Based Shear Design of Exterior Beam-Column Joints with Standard Hooked Bars,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 117, No. 2, Mar. 2020, pp. 67-80.10.14359/51721364 ↗
46. AIJ, “Guidelines for the Design of Structural Precast Concrete Emulating Cast-in-Place Reinforced Concrete (AIJ Guidelines),” Architectural Institute of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, 2002, 261 pp.