Effects of Reinforcement Details on Behavior of Drilled Shaft Footings

1. Clarke, J. L., “Behaviour and Design of Pile Caps with Four Piles,” Technical Report No. 42.489, Cement and Concrete Association, London, UK, 1973, 19 pp.

2. Schlaich, J.; Schafer, K.; and Jennewein, M., “Toward a Consistent Design of Structural Concrete,” PCI Journal, V. 32, No. 3, 1987, pp. 74-150. doi: 10.15554/pcij.05011987.74.15010.15554/pcij.05011987.74.150 ↗

3. Adebar, P.; Kuchma, D.; and Collins, M. P., “Strut-and-Tie Models for the Design of Pile Caps: An Experimental Study,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 87, No. 1, Jan.-Feb. 1990, pp. 81-92.10.14359/2945 ↗

4. Yan, H. T., “Bloom-Base Allowance in the Design of Pile Caps,” Civil Engineering and Public Works Review, V. 49, No. 575, May 1954, pp. 493-495.

5. Blévot, J., and Frémy, R., “Semelles sur Pieux,” Annales de L’institut Technique du Bâtiment et des Travaux Publics, V. 20, No. 230, 1967, pp. 223-295.

6. fib, “Special Recommendations for the Design and Construction of Foundation Slabs,” International Recommendations for the Design and Construction of Concrete Structures, Appendix 4, International Federation for Structural Concrete, Lausanne, Switzerland, 1970, pp. 25-33.

7. CP 110-1:1972, “Code of Practice for the Structural Use of Concrete: Part 1—Design, Materials and Workmanship,” British Standards Institution, London, UK, 1972, 154 pp.

8. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete (ACI 318-83),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 1983, 111 pp.

9. CAN3-A23.3-M84, “Design of Concrete Structures for Buildings,” CSA Group, Toronto, ON, Canada, 1984, 291 pp.

10. Suzuki, K.; Otsuki, K.; and Tsubata, T., “Influence of Bar Arrangement on Ultimate Strength of Four-Pile Caps,” Transactions of the Japan Concrete Institute, V. 20, 1998, pp. 195-202.

11. Suzuki, K., and Otsuki, K., “Experimental Study on Corner Shear Failure of Pile Caps,” Transactions of the Japan Concrete Institute, V. 23, 2002, pp. 303-310.

12. Yi, Y.; Kim, H.; Boehm, R. A.; Webb, Z. D.; Choi, J.; Wang, H.-C.; Murcia-Delso, J.; Hrynyk, T. D.; and Bayrak, O., “3D Strut-and-Tie Modeling for Design of Drilled Shaft Footings,” Report No. FHWA/TX-21/0-6953-1, Center for Transportation Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2022, 494 pp.

13. AASHTO, “AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications,” ninth edition, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 2020, 1912 pp.

14. ACI Committee 318, “Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-19) and Commentary (ACI 318R-19) (Reapproved 2022),” American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2019, 624 pp.

15. Texas Department of Transportation, “Bridge Design Guide,” TxDOT, Austin, TX, 2020, 114 pp.

16. Klein, G. J., “Example 9: Pile Cap,” Examples for the Design of Structural Concrete with Strut-and-Tie Models, SP-208, K.-H. Reineck, ed., American Concrete Institute, Farmington Hills, MI, 2002, pp. 213-223.

17. Mitchell, D.; Collins, M. P.; Bhide, S. B.; and Rabbat, B. G., “AASHTO LRFD Strut-and-Tie Model Design Examples,” Portland Cement Association, Skokie, IL, 2004, 76 pp.

18. Williams, C.; Deschenes, D.; and Bayrak, O., “Strut-and-Tie Model Design Examples for Bridges,” Report No. FHWA/TX-12/5-5253-01-1, Center for Transportation Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2012, 276 pp.

19. ASTM C31/C31M-21, “Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, 7 pp.

20. ASTM C39/C39M-21, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, 8 pp.

21. ASTM C469/469M-14, “Standard Test Method for Static Modulus of Elasticity and Poisson’s Ratio of Concrete in Compression,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2014, 5 pp.

22. ASTM A615/A615M-20, “Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2020, 8 pp.

23. ASTM A370-21, “Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products,” ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, 50 pp.

24. Adebar, P., and Zhou, L., “Design of Deep Pile Caps by Strut-and-Tie Models,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 93, No. 4, July-Aug. 1996, pp. 437-448.10.14359/9703 ↗

25. AASHTO, “AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications,” third edition, American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, 2010, 1591 pp.

26. Hawkins, N. M.; Kuchma, D. A.; Mast, R. M.; Marsh, M. L.; and Reineck, K.-H., “Simplified Shear Design of Structural Concrete Members,” NCHRP Report 549, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, Washington, DC, 2005, 62 pp.10.17226/13555 ↗

27. Bentz, E. C.; Vecchio, F. J.; and Collins, M. P., “Simplified Modified Compression Field Theory for Calculating Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Elements,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 103, No. 4, July-Aug. 2006, pp. 614-624.10.14359/16438 ↗

28. Birrcher, D.; Tuchscherer, R.; Huizinga, M.; Bayrak, O.; Wood. S.; and Jirsa, J., “Strength and Serviceability Design of Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams,” Report No. FHWA/TX-09/0-5253-1, Center of Transportation Research, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 2009, 400 pp.10.1061/41031(341)175 ↗

29. Nakamura, E.; Avendaño, A. R.; and Bayrak, O., “Shear Database for Prestressed Concrete Members,” ACI Structural Journal, V. 110, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2013, pp. 909-918.10.14359/51686147 ↗

30. Bentz, E. C., and Collins, M. P., “Updating the ACI Shear Design Provisions,” Concrete International, V. 39, No. 9, Sept. 2017, pp. 33-38.