Effect of TiO2 on ion transport properties and dielectric relaxation of sodium ion-conducting novel PEO/PAN-blended solid polymer electrolyte
Source abstract
Abstract
In the present manuscript, a comprehensive study of temperature-dependent ionic conductivity, dielectric behaviour, and thermal, structural, and morphological characteristics of nano-composite polymer electrolyte (NCPE) films has been performed. NCPE films were prepared by hot-press method from a blend of two polymers, Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) and Poly (acrylonitrile) (PAN), complexed with sodium perchlorate (NaClO4) complexing salt and titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanofiller. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to investigate electrical and dielectric properties and their correlations. The effect of TiO2concentration on ionic conductivity and dielectric relaxation has been investigated at different temperature ranges. Both the smoother surface and the presence of all essential components were verified by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDAX), respectively. Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) revealed high thermal stability, and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray Diffraction (XRD) confirmed enhanced amorphous phase. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) curve exhibits excellent reversibility and cyclability.Graphic abstractSynthesis of ion conducting polymer electrolytes and their ionic conductivity study by ac impedance spectroscopy technique.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies · Conducting polymers and applications · Advancements in Battery Materials
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (67)
Show source-provided references
1. K. Elamin, M. Shojaatalhosseini, O. Danyliv, A. Martinelli, J. Swenson, Conduction mechanism in polymeric membranes based on PEO or PVdF-HFP and containing a piperidinium ionic liquid. Electrochim. Acta 299, 979 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.15410.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.154 ↗
2. I. Rabani, J. Yoo, C. Bathula, S. Hussain, Y.S. Seo, The role of uniformly distributed ZnO nanoparticles on cellulose nanofibers in flexible solid state symmetric supercapacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 9(19), 11580 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ta01644j10.1039/d1ta01644j ↗
3. K. Kumar, G. Venkata, R. Jeedi, V. Kumar, K. Mallaiah, Effect of TiO 2 nano - filler on electrical properties of Na + ion conducting PEO / PVDF based blended polymer electrolyte. J. Inorg. Organomet. Polym. Mater. 31(8), 3430 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-021-01947-w10.1007/s10904-021-01947-w ↗
4. C. Bhatt, R. Swaroop, A. Arya, A.L. Sharma, Effect of Nano-Filler on the Properties of Polymer Nanocomposite Films of PEO/PAN Complexed with NaPF6. J. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 5(12), 418 (2015). https://doi.org/10.17265/2161-6221/2015.11-12.00310.17265/2161-6221/2015.11-12.003 ↗
5. R. Zhang, Y. Chen, R. Montazami, Ionic liquid-doped gel polymer electrolyte for flexible lithium-ion polymer batteries. Materials (Basel). 8(5), 2735 (2015). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma805273510.3390/ma8052735 ↗
6. S.L. Dreyer, A. Kondrakov, J. Janek, T. Brezesinski, In situ analysis of gas evolution in liquid- and solid-electrolyte-based batteries with current and next-generation cathode materials. J. Mater. Res. 37(19), 3146 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00586-210.1557/s43578-022-00586-2 ↗
7. A. Arya, A.L. Sharma, Polymer electrolytes for lithium ion batteries: a critical study. Ionics (Kiel) 23, 497 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-016-1908-610.1007/s11581-016-1908-6 ↗
8. N.K. Singh, M.L. Verma, M. Minakshi, PEO nanocomposite polymer electrolyte for solid state symmetric capacitors. Bull. Mater. Sci. 38(6), 1577 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12034-015-0980-210.1007/s12034-015-0980-2 ↗
9. S. Sathya, S. Pazhaniswamy, P.C. Selvin, S. Vengatesan, A.M. Stephan, Physical and interfacial studies on Li0.5 La0.5 TiO3 - incorporated poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Energy Fuels 35(16), 13402 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c0115110.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01151 ↗
10. Y.L. Nimah, M.Y. Cheng, J.H. Cheng, J. Rick, B.J. Hwang, Solid-state polymer nanocomposite electrolyte of TiO2/PEO/NaClO4 for sodium ion batteries. J. Power Sour. 278, 375 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.04710.1016/j.jpowsour.2014.11.047 ↗
11. N. Rahim, N. Chowdhury, The effect of ( TiO 2 and SiO 2) nano-filler on solid polymer electrolyte based LiBOB The effect of ( TiO 2 and SiO 2) nano-filler on solid polymer electrolyte based LiBOB. J. of Physics: Conf. Series 1191, 1 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1191/1/01202810.1088/1742-6596/1191/1/012028 ↗
12. B. Jinisha, K.M. Anilkumar, M. Manoj, A. Abhilash, V.S. Pradeep, S. Jayalekshmi, Poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based, sodium ion-conducting, solid polymer electrolyte films, dispersed with Al2O3 filler, for applications in sodium ion cells. Ionics (Kiel) 24(6), 1675 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2332-210.1007/s11581-017-2332-2 ↗
13. C. Zhao, L. Liu, X. Qi, Y. Lu, F. Wu, J. Zhao, Y. Yu, Y.S. Hu, L. Chen, Solid-state sodium batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 8(17), 14 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20170301210.1002/aenm.201703012 ↗
14. J.-J. Kim, K. Yoon, I. Park, K. Kang, Progress in the development of sodium-ion solid electrolytes. Small Methods 1(10), 1700219 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.20170021910.1002/smtd.201700219 ↗
15. J. Yang, H.L. Wan, Z.H. Zhang, G.Z. Liu, X.X. Xu, Y.S. Hu, X.Y. Yao, NASICON-structured Na3.1Zr1.95Mg0.05Si2PO12 solid electrolyte for solid-state sodium batteries. Rare Met 37(6), 480 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12598-018-1020-310.1007/s12598-018-1020-3 ↗
16. R.C. Agrawal, G.P. Pandey, Solid polymer electrolytes: materials designing and all-solid-state battery applications: an overview. J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. (2008). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/41/22/22300110.1088/0022-3727/41/22/223001 ↗
17. J.W. Fergus, Ceramic and polymeric solid electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries. J. Power Sour. 195(15), 4554 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.02.00710.1016/j.nanoms.2019.02.007 ↗
18. Y. Wang, S. Song, C. Xu, N. Hu, J. Molenda, L. Lu, Development of solid-state electrolytes for sodium-ion battery-A short review. Nano Mater. Sci. 1(2), 91 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoms.2019.02.00710.1016/j.nanoms.2019.02.007 ↗
19. Z. Zhang, Q. Zhang, C. Ren, F. Luo, Q. Ma, Y.S. Hu, Z. Zhou, H. Li, X. Huang, L. Chen, A ceramic/polymer composite solid electrolyte for sodium batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 4(41), 15823 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta07590h10.1039/c6ta07590h ↗
20. A.L. Sharma, A.K. Thakur, Polymer matrix-clay interaction mediated mechanism of electrical transport in exfoliated and intercalated polymer nanocomposites. J. Mater. Sci. 46(6), 1916 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-010-5027-x10.1007/s10853-010-5027-x ↗
21. K. Mishra, T. Arif, R. Kumar, D. Kumar, Effect of Al2O3 nanoparticles on ionic conductivity of PVdF-HFP/PMMA blend-based Na+-ion conducting nanocomposite gel polymer electrolyte. J. Solid State Electrochem. 23(8), 2401 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10008-019-04348-910.1007/s10008-019-04348-9 ↗
22. P. Dhatarwal, R.J. Sengwa, Dielectric relaxation, Li-ion transport, electrochemical, and structural behaviour of PEO/PVDF/LiClO4/TiO2/PC-based plasticized nanocomposite solid polymer electrolyte films. Compos. Commun. 17, 182 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2019.12.00610.1016/j.coco.2019.12.006 ↗
23. A.A. Pritam, A.L. Sharma, Dielectric relaxations and transport properties parameter analysis of novel blended solid polymer electrolyte for sodium-ion rechargeable batteries. J. Mater. Sci. 54(9), 7131 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-019-03381-310.1007/s10853-019-03381-3 ↗
24. H.E. Katz, P.C. Searson, T.O. Poehler, Batteries and charge storage devices based on electronically conducting polymers. J. Mater. Res. 25(8), 1561 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.020110.1557/jmr.2010.0201 ↗
25. R.J. Sengwa, P. Dhatarwal, S. Choudhary, Effects of plasticizer and nanofiller on the dielectric dispersion and relaxation behaviour of polymer blend based solid polymer electrolytes. Curr. Appl. Phys. 15(2), 135 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2014.12.00310.1016/j.cap.2014.12.003 ↗
26. S. Klongkan, J. Pumchusak, Effects of nano alumina and plasticizers on morphology, ionic conductivity, thermal and mechanical properties of PEO-LiCF3SO3 solid polymer electrolyte. Electrochim. Acta 161, 171 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.07410.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.074 ↗
27. S. Seidel, C. Patzig, W. Wisniewski, A. Gawronski, Y. Hu, T. Höche, C. Rüssel, Characterizing the residual glass in a MgO/Al2O3/SiO2/ZrO2/Y2O3 glass-ceramic. Sci. Rep. 6(October), 1 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/srep3496510.1038/srep34965 ↗
28. S. Gupta, A. Kumar, G.B.K. Pandey, First - principle study on ionic pair dissociation in PEO - PVP - NaClO4 blend for solid polymer electrolyte. Polym. Bull. 79, 4999 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00289-021-03724-810.1007/s00289-021-03724-8 ↗
29. V. Kamboj, A. Arya, S. Tanwar, V. Kumar, A.L. Sharma, Nanofiller-assisted Na+-conducting polymer nanocomposite for ultracapacitor: structural, dielectric and electrochemical properties. J. Mater. Sci. 56(10), 6167 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-020-05667-310.1007/s10853-020-05667-3 ↗
30. K. Ji, H. Moon, J. Kim, J. Park, Role of functional nano-sized inorganic fillers in poly ( ethylene ) oxide-based polymer electrolytes. J. Power Sour. 117, 124 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(03)00159-910.1016/S0378-7753(03)00159-9 ↗
31. P. Dhatarwal, S. Choudhary, R.J. Sengwa, Electrochemical performance of Li+-ion conducting solid polymer electrolytes based on PEO–PMMA blend matrix incorporated with various inorganic nanoparticles for the lithium ion batteries. Compos. Commun. 10(May), 11 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coco.2018.05.00410.1016/j.coco.2018.05.004 ↗
32. R. Premila, C. Subbu, S. Rajendran, K. Selvakumar, Experimental investigation of nano filler TiO 2 doped composite polymerelectrolytes for lithium ion batteries. Appl. Surf. Sci. 449, 426 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.11.27210.1016/j.apsusc.2017.11.272 ↗
33. T.B. Sahu, M. Sahu, S. Karan, Y.K. Mahipal, D.K. Sahu, R.C. Agrawal, Study of electrical and electrochemical behavior on copper ion conducting nano-composite polymer electrolyte. Ionics (Kiel) 24(9), 2885 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2384-310.1007/s11581-017-2384-3 ↗
34. W. Wang, P. Alexandridis, Composite polymer electrolytes: Nanoparticles affect structure and properties. Polymers (Basel) (2016). https://doi.org/10.3390/polym811038710.3390/polym8110387 ↗
35. J.S. Moreno, M. Armand, M.B. Berman, S.G. Greenbaum, B. Scrosati, S. Panero, Composite PEOn:NaTFSI polymer electrolyte: Preparation, thermal and electrochemical characterization. J. Power Sources 248, 695 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.13710.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.09.137 ↗
36. A. Boschin, P. Johansson, Characterization of NaX (X: TFSI, FSI) - PEO based solid polymer electrolytes for sodium batteries. Electrochim. Acta 175, 124 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.22810.1016/j.electacta.2015.03.228 ↗
37. L. Li, P. Liu, Q.S. Fu, Y. Gong, S.R. Zhang, H.J. He, J. Chen, Study on preparation of polyacrylonitrile/polyimide composite lithium-ion battery separator by electrospinning. J. Mater. Res. 34(4), 642 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2019.810.1557/jmr.2019.8 ↗
38. K.M.G. Francis, S. Subramanian, K. Shunmugavel, V. Naranappa, S.S.M. Pandian, S.C. Nadar, Lithium Ion-conducting blend polymer electrolyte based on PVA–PAN Doped with lithium nitrate. Polym. - Plast. Technol. Eng. 55(1), 25 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2015.105052310.1080/03602559.2015.1050523 ↗
39. A. Arya, S. Sharma, A.L. Sharma, D. Kumar, M. Sadiq, Structural and dielectric behaviour of blend polymer electrolyte based on PEO-PAN + LiPF6. Asian J. Eng. Appl. Technol. 5(1), 4 (2016)10.51983/ajeat-2016.5.1.774 ↗
40. H. Kim, H. Kim, Z. Ding, M.H. Lee, K. Lim, G. Yoon, K. Kang, Recent progress in electrode materials for sodium-ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20160094310.1002/aenm.201600943 ↗
41. N. Yabuuchi, K. Kubota, M. Dahbi, S. Komaba, N. Yabuuchi, K. Kubota, M. Dahbi, S. Komaba, Research development on sodium-ion batteries. Chem. Rev. 114, 11636–11682 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500192f10.1021/cr500192f ↗
42. C. Bathula, I. Rabani, S. Sekar, H.K. Youi, J.Y. Choy, A. Kadam, N.K. Shretha, Y.S. Seo, H.S. Kim, Enhanced removal of organic dye by activated carbon decorated TiO2 nanoparticles from Mentha Aquatica leaves via ultrasonic approach. Ceram. Int. 47(6), 8732 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.12.28210.1016/j.ceramint.2020.12.282 ↗
43. S.B. Aziz, T.J. Woo, M.F.Z. Kadir, H.M. Ahmed, A conceptual review on polymer electrolytes and ion transport models. J. Sci. Adv. Mater. Devices 3(1), 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/cr500192f10.1021/cr500192f ↗
44. B. Hanson, V. Pryamitsyn, V. Ganesan, Mechanisms underlying ionic mobilities in nanocomposite polymer electrolytes. ACS Macro Lett. 2(11), 1001 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1021/mz400234m10.1021/mz400234m ↗
45. J. Bonkerud, C. Zimmermann, P.M. Weiser, L. Vines, E.V. Monakhov, On the permittivity of titanium dioxide. Sci. Rep. 11(1), 1 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-92021-510.1038/s41598-021-92021-5 ↗
46. T. Mohamed Ali, N. Padmanathan, S. Selladurai, Effect of nanofiller CeO2 on structural, conductivity, and dielectric behaviors of plasticized blend nanocomposite polymer electrolyte. Ionics (Kiel) 21(3), 829 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-014-1240-y10.1007/s11581-014-1240-y ↗
47. M. Marcinek, A. Bac, P. Lipka, A. Zalewska, R. Borkowska, W. Wieczorek, Effect of filler surface group on ionic interactions in PEG - LiClO4 - Al2O3 composite polyether electrolytes. J. Phys. Chem. B 104(47), 11088 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1021/jp002149310.1021/jp0021493 ↗
48. F. Croce, G.B. Appetecchi, L. Persi, B. Scrosati, Nanocomposite polymer electrolytes for lithium batteries. Lett. Nat. 394(July), 456 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1038/2881810.1038/28818 ↗
49. N. Lakshmi, S. Chandra, Proton conducting composites of heteropolyacid hydrates (phosphomolybdic and phosphotungstic acids) dispersed with insulating Al2O3. Phys. Status Solidi Appl. Res. 186(3), 383 (2001)10.1002/1521-396X(200108)186:3<383::AID-PSSA383>3.0.CO;2-9 ↗
50. R.C. Agrawal, R.K. Gupta, Superionic solids: composite electrolyte phase - an overview. J. Mater. Sci. 34(6), 1131 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1023/A:100459890214610.1023/A:1004598902146 ↗
51. M.C. Dimri, D. Kumar, S.B. Aziz, K. Mishra, ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles assisted ion transport behavior in a sodium ion conducting polymer electrolyte. Ionics (Kiel) 27, 1143 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-020-03899-610.1007/s11581-020-03899-6 ↗
52. T. Miyamoto, K. Shibayama, Free-volume model for ionic conductivity in polymers. J. Appl. Phys. 44(12), 5372 (1973). https://doi.org/10.1063/1.166215810.1063/1.1662158 ↗
53. S. Rajendran, T. Uma, Lithium ion conduction in PVC-LiBF4 electrolytes gelled with PMMA. J. Power Sour. 88(2), 282 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-7753(00)00386-410.1016/S0378-7753(00)00386-4 ↗
54. P. Dutta, S. Biswas, S. De Kumar, Dielectric relaxation in polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composites. Mater. Res. Bull. 37(1), 193 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-5408(01)00813-310.1016/S0025-5408(01)00813-3 ↗
55. I.M. Hodge, M.D. Ingram, A.R. West, Impedance and modulus spectroscopy of polycrystalline solid electrolytes. J. Electroanal. Chem. 74(2), 125 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-0728(76)80229-X10.1016/S0022-0728(76)80229-X ↗
56. R. Muchakayala, S. Song, S. Gao, X. Wang, Y. Fan, Structure and ion transport in an ethylene carbonate-modified biodegradable gel polymer electrolyte. Polym. Test. 58, 116 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.12.01410.1016/j.polymertesting.2016.12.014 ↗
57. A.M.M. Ali, R.H.Y. Subban, H. Bahron, T. Winie, F. Latif, M.Z.A. Yahya, Grafted natural rubber-based polymer electrolytes: ATR-FTIR and conductivity studies. Ionics (Kiel) 14(6), 491 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-007-0199-310.1007/s11581-007-0199-3 ↗
58. M.L. Verma, H.D. Sahu, Ionic conductivity and dielectric behavior of PEO-based silver ion conducting nanocomposite polymer electrolytes. Ionics (Kiel) 21(12), 3223 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-015-1517-910.1007/s11581-015-1517-9 ↗
59. M. Vahini, M. Muthuvinayagam, Synthesis and electrochemical studies on sodium ion conducting PVP based solid polymer electrolytes. J. Mater. Sci. Mater. Electron. 30(6), 5609 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-019-00854-810.1007/s10854-019-00854-8 ↗
60. A. Hooper, A study of the electrical properties of single-crystal and polycrystalline β-alumina using complex plane analysis. J. Phys. D. Appl. Phys. 10(11), 1487 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/10/11/01310.1088/0022-3727/10/11/013 ↗
61. W. Bowman, A. Darbal, P.A. Crozier, Linking macroscopic and nanoscopic ionic conductivity: A semi-empirical framework for characterizing grain boundary conductivity in polycrystalline ceramics. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12(1), 507 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b1593310.1021/acsami.9b15933 ↗
62. J. Xi, X. Qiu, M. Cui, X. Tang, W. Zhu, L. Chen, Enhanced electrochemical properties of PEO-based composite polymer electrolyte with shape-selective molecular sieves. J. Power Sour. 156(2), 581 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.06.00710.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.06.007 ↗
63. N. Angulakshmi, D.J. Yoo, K.S. Nahm, C. Gerbaldi, A.M. Stephan, MgAl2SiO6-incorporated poly(ethylene oxide)-based electrolytes for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Ionics (Kiel) 20(2), 151 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-013-0985-z10.1007/s11581-013-0985-z ↗
64. D. Kumar, S.A. Hashmi, Ionic liquid based sodium ion conducting gel polymer electrolytes. Solid State Ion. 181(8–10), 416 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssi.2010.01.02510.1016/j.ssi.2010.01.025 ↗
65. F.M. Gray, J.R. MacCallum, C.A. Vincent, Poly(ethylene oxide) - LiCF3SO3 - polystyrene electrolyte systems. Solid State Ion. 18–19, 282 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-2738(86)90127-X10.1016/0167-2738(86)90127-X ↗
66. M.L. Verma, H.D. Sahu, Study on ionic conductivity and dielectric properties of PEO-based solid nanocomposite polymer electrolytes. Ionics (Kiel) 23(9), 2339 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-017-2063-410.1007/s11581-017-2063-4 ↗
67. T. B. Sahu, M. Sahu, S. Karan, and P. Kesharwani: Ion Transport Property Study in Ag + - Ion Conducting Solid Polymer Electrolyte ( SPE ) Films :[( 1-X ) PEO : X AgCOOCH 3 ]. 7(3), 456 (2017).