Recent developments in transition metal-based nanomaterials for supercapacitor applications
Source abstract
Abstract
In the recent years the demand of high energy density, high power density energy storage device with long cycle stability increased because of their vast applications from portable electronics devices to power tolls and hybrid electric vehicles. Also, the developments in renewable energy sources also created immediate demand for high energy density energy storage devices. Supercapacitors are found to be suitable to fulfill the current demand of energy storage devices. Transition metal nanomaterials are considered to store high charge because of their large surface area and variable oxidation states. In the present review, we discussed the recent advances in the area of supercapacitors using transition metal oxides, nitride, sulfides, diselenides, phosphides, and ferrites. The effect of surface morphology, synthesis process, and various doping/composites on specific capacitance of supercapacitors were discussed in detail.Graphical abstract
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication · Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion · Nanomaterials for catalytic reactions
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (100+)
Show source-provided references
1. G. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, A review of electrode materials for electrochemical supercapacitors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41(2), 797–828 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1039/C1CS15060J10.1039/C1CS15060J ↗
2. X. Wang, G. Pawar, Y. Li, X. Ren, M. Zhang, B. Lu, A. Banerjee, P. Liu, E.J. Dufek, J.-G. Zhang, Glassy Li metal anode for high-performance rechargeable Li batteries. Nat. Mater. 19(12), 1339–1345 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-020-0729-110.1038/s41563-020-0729-1 ↗
3. Y. Liu, X. Li, W. Shen, Y. Dai, W. Kou, W. Zheng, X. Jiang, G. He, Multishelled transition metal-based microspheres: synthesis and applications for batteries and supercapacitors. Small 15(32), 1804737 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20180473710.1002/smll.201804737 ↗
4. M.D. Hager, B. Esser, X. Feng, W. Schuhmann, P. Theato, U.S. Schubert, Polymer-based batteries—flexible and thin energy storage systems. Adv. Mater. 32(39), 2000587 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20200058710.1002/adma.202000587 ↗
5. H. Jin, S. Dai, K. Xie, Y. Luo, K. Liu, Z. Zhu, L. Huang, L. Huang, J. Zhou, Regulating interfacial desolvation and deposition kinetics enables durable Zn anodes with ultrahigh utilization of 80%. Small 18(4), 2106441 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20210644110.1002/smll.202106441 ↗
6. Y. Zhou, C.H. Wang, W. Lu, L. Dai, Fiber-shaped energy-storage devices: recent advances in fiber-shaped supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 32(5), 2070037 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20207003710.1002/adma.202070037 ↗
7. S. Zheng, X. Shi, P. Das, Z.S. Wu, X. Bao, Microscale energy-storage devices: the road towards planar microbatteries and micro-supercapacitors: from 2D to 3D device geometries. Adv. Mater. 31(50), 1970351 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20197035110.1002/adma.201970351 ↗
8. F. Béguin, V. Presser, A. Balducci, E. Frackowiak, Carbons and electrolytes for advanced supercapacitors. Adv. Mater. 26(14), 2219–2251 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20130413710.1002/adma.201304137 ↗
9. F. Wu, H. Yang, Y. Bai, C. Wu, Paving the path toward reliable cathode materials for aluminum-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 31(16), 1806510 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20180651010.1002/adma.201806510 ↗
10. A. Konarov, N. Voronina, J.H. Jo, Z. Bakenov, Y.-K. Sun, S.-T. Myung, Present and future perspective on electrode materials for rechargeable zinc-ion batteries. ACS Energy Lett. 3(10), 2620–2640 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.8b0155210.1021/acsenergylett.8b01552 ↗
11. S. Yang, S. Wang, X. Liu, L. Li, Biomass derived interconnected hierarchical micro-meso-macro-porous carbon with ultrahigh capacitance for supercapacitors. Carbon 147, 540–549 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.02310.1016/j.carbon.2019.03.023 ↗
12. Y. Zhang, S. Yang, S. Wang, X. Liu, L. Li, Microwave/freeze casting assisted fabrication of carbon frameworks derived from embedded upholder in tremella for superior performance supercapacitors. Energy Storage Materials 18, 447–455 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2018.08.00610.1016/j.ensm.2018.08.006 ↗
13. R. Dubey, V. Guruviah, Review of carbon-based electrode materials for supercapacitor energy storage. Ionics 25(4), 1419–1445 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11581-019-02874-010.1007/s11581-019-02874-0 ↗
14. L. Wang, L. Wen, Y. Tong, S. Wang, X. Hou, X. An, S.X. Dou, J. Liang, Photo-rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors: Critical roles of carbon-based functional materials. Carbon Energy 3(2), 225–252 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/cey2.10510.1002/cey2.105 ↗
15. A. Riaz, M.R. Sarker, M.H.M. Saad, R. Mohamed, Review on comparison of different energy storage technologies used in micro-energy harvesting, WSNs, low-cost microelectronic devices: challenges and recommendations. Sensors (Basel) (2021). https://doi.org/10.3390/s2115504110.3390/s21155041 ↗
16. A. Borenstein, O. Hanna, R. Attias, S. Luski, T. Brousse, D. Aurbach, Carbon-based composite materials for supercapacitor electrodes: a review. J. Mater. Chem. A 5(25), 12653–12672 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA00863E10.1039/C7TA00863E ↗
17. A. González, E. Goikolea, J.A. Barrena, R. Mysyk, Review on supercapacitors: technologies and materials. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 58, 1189–1206 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.24910.1016/j.rser.2015.12.249 ↗
18. A. Berrueta, A. Ursúa, I. San Martín, A. Eftekhari, P. Sanchis, Supercapacitors: electrical characteristics, modeling, applications, and future trends. IEEE Access 7, 50869–50896 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.290855810.1109/ACCESS.2019.2908558 ↗
19. J. Wang, J. Wang, Z. Kong, K. Lv, C. Teng, Y. Zhu, Conducting-polymer-based materials for electrochemical energy conversion and storage. Adv. Mater. 29(45), 1703044 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20170304410.1002/adma.201703044 ↗
20. W. Raza, F. Ali, N. Raza, Y. Luo, K.-H. Kim, J. Yang, S. Kumar, A. Mehmood, E.E. Kwon, Recent advancements in supercapacitor technology. Nano Energy 52, 441–473 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.01310.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.013 ↗
21. Z. Qiu, Y. Wang, X. Bi, T. Zhou, J. Zhou, J. Zhao, Z. Miao, W. Yi, P. Fu, S. Zhuo, Biochar-based carbons with hierarchical micro-meso-macro porosity for high rate and long cycle life supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 376, 82–90 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.07710.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.11.077 ↗
22. K. Ren, Z. Liu, T. Wei, Z. Fan, Recent developments of transition metal compounds-carbon hybrid electrodes for high energy/power supercapacitors. Nano-Micro Lett. 13(1), 1–32 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00642-210.1007/s40820-021-00642-2 ↗
23. P. Veerakumar, A. Sangili, S. Manavalan, P. Thanasekaran, K.-C. Lin, Research progress on porous carbon supported metal/metal oxide nanomaterials for supercapacitor electrode applications. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 59(14), 6347–6374 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.9b0601010.1021/acs.iecr.9b06010 ↗
24. K.A. Owusu, L. Qu, J. Li, Z. Wang, K. Zhao, C. Yang, K.M. Hercule, C. Lin, C. Shi, Q. Wei, Low-crystalline iron oxide hydroxide nanoparticle anode for high-performance supercapacitors. Nat. Commun. 8(1), 1–11 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1426410.1038/ncomms14264 ↗
25. L. Zheng, J. Song, X. Ye, Y. Wang, X. Shi, H. Zheng, Construction of self-supported hierarchical NiCo-S nanosheet arrays for supercapacitors with ultrahigh specific capacitance. Nanoscale 12(25), 13811–13821 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NR02976A10.1039/D0NR02976A ↗
26. P. Geng, S. Zheng, H. Tang, R. Zhu, L. Zhang, S. Cao, H. Xue, H. Pang, Transition metal sulfides based on graphene for electrochemical energy storage. Adv. Energy Mater. 8(15), 1703259 (2018)10.1002/aenm.201703259 ↗
27. Y. Wang, Y. Song, Y. Xia, Electrochemical capacitors: mechanism, materials, systems, characterization and applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45(21), 5925–5950 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5CS00580A10.1039/C5CS00580A ↗
28. H. Liu, X. Liu, S. Wang, H.-K. Liu, L. Li, Transition metal based battery-type electrodes in hybrid supercapacitors: a review. Energy Storage Materials 28, 122–145 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2020.03.00310.1016/j.ensm.2020.03.003 ↗
29. L. Hou, W. Yang, R. Li, X. Xu, P. Wang, B. Deng, F. Yang, Y. Li, Self-reconstruction strategy to synthesis of Ni/Co-OOH nanoflowers decorated with N, S co-doped carbon for high-performance energy storage. Chem. Eng. J. 396, 125323 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.12532310.1016/j.cej.2020.125323 ↗
30. Y. Son, M. Park, Y. Son, J.-S. Lee, J.-H. Jang, Y. Kim, J. Cho, Quantum confinement and its related effects on the critical size of GeO2 nanoparticles anodes for lithium batteries. Nano Lett. 14(2), 1005–1010 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/nl404466v10.1021/nl404466v ↗
31. R. Mo, Z. Lei, K. Sun, D. Rooney, Facile synthesis of anatase TiO2 quantum-dot/graphene-nanosheet composites with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 26(13), 2084–2088 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.20130433810.1002/adma.201304338 ↗
32. H. Xia, C. Hong, B. Li, B. Zhao, Z. Lin, M. Zheng, S.V. Savilov, S.M. Aldoshin, Facile synthesis of hematite quantum-dot/functionalized graphene-sheet composites as advanced anode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors. Adv. Func. Mater. 25(4), 627–635 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20140355410.1002/adfm.201403554 ↗
33. H.M. Jeong, K.M. Choi, T. Cheng, D.K. Lee, R. Zhou, I.W. Ock, D.J. Milliron, W.A. Goddard, J.K. Kang, Rescaling of metal oxide nanocrystals for energy storage having high capacitance and energy density with robust cycle life. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 112(26), 7914–7919 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.150354611210.1073/pnas.1503546112 ↗
34. N. Agnihotri, P. Sen, A. De, M. Mukherjee, Hierarchically designed PEDOT encapsulated graphene-MnO2 nanocomposite as supercapacitors. Mater. Res. Bull. 88, 218–225 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.materresbull.2016.12.03610.1016/j.materresbull.2016.12.036 ↗
35. G. Wang, Z. Jin, Q. Guo, Ordered self-supporting NiV LDHs@ P-nickel foam nano-array as high-performance supercapacitor electrode. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 583, 1–12 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.12710.1016/j.jcis.2020.08.127 ↗
36. G. Zhang, T. Wu, H. Zhou, H. Jin, K. Liu, Y. Luo, H. Jiang, K. Huang, L. Huang, J. Zhou, Rich alkali ions preintercalated vanadium oxides for durable and fast zinc-ion storage. ACS Energy Lett. 6(6), 2111–2120 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c0062510.1021/acsenergylett.1c00625 ↗
37. W. Wu, L. Yang, S. Chen, Y. Shao, L. Jing, G. Zhao, H. Wei, Core–shell nanospherical polypyrrole/graphene oxide composites for high performance supercapacitors. RSC Adv. 5(111), 91645–91653 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/C5RA17036B10.1039/C5RA17036B ↗
38. Z. Wang, Y. Long, D. Cao, D. Han, F. Gu, A high-performance flexible supercapacitor based on hierarchical Co3O4-SnO@SnO2 nanostructures. Electrochim. Acta 307, 341–350 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.23010.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.230 ↗
39. M. Chaudhary, M. Singh, A. Kumar, Prachi, Y.K. Gautam, A.K. Malik, Y. Kumar, and B.P. Singh, Experimental investigation of Co and Fe-Doped CuO nanostructured electrode material for remarkable electrochemical performance. Ceram. Int. 47(2), 2094–2106. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.09.042.10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.09.042 ↗
40. J. Wan, X. Yao, X. Gao, X. Xiao, T. Li, J. Wu, W. Sun, Z. Hu, H. Yu, L. Huang, M. Liu, J. Zhou, Microwave combustion for modification of transition metal oxides. Adv. Func. Mater. 26(40), 7263–7270 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.20160312510.1002/adfm.201603125 ↗
41. A.C. Nwanya, D. Obi, K.I. Ozoemena, R.U. Osuji, C. Awada, A. Ruediger, M. Maaza, F. Rosei, F.I. Ezema, Facile synthesis of nanosheet-like CuO film and its potential application as a high-performance pseudocapacitor electrode. Electrochim. Acta 198, 220–230 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.06410.1016/j.electacta.2016.03.064 ↗
42. S. Paulraj, R. Jayavel, Microwave-assisted synthesis of Ru and Ce doped tungsten oxide for supercapacitor electrodes. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 29(16), 13794–13802 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-018-9510-510.1007/s10854-018-9510-5 ↗
43. Y. Wang, X. Li, Y. Wang, Y. Liu, Y. Bai, R. Liu, G. Yuan, High-performance flexible MnO2@carbonized cotton textile electrodes for enlarged operating potential window symmetrical supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 299, 12–18 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.18110.1016/j.electacta.2018.12.181 ↗
44. L. Cui, C. Cheng, F. Peng, Y. Yang, Y. Li, M. Jia, X. Jin, A ternary MnO2-deposited RGO/lignin-based porous carbon composite electrode for flexible supercapacitor applications. New J. Chem. 43(35), 14084–14092 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nj02184a10.1039/c9nj02184a ↗
45. M. Ghorbani, M.R. Golobostanfard, H. Abdizadeh, Flexible freestanding sandwich type ZnO/rGO/ZnO electrode for wearable supercapacitor. Appl. Surf. Sci. 419, 277–285 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.06010.1016/j.apsusc.2017.05.060 ↗
46. Y. Guo, Z. Zhu, Y. Chen, H. He, X. Li, T. Qin, Y. Wang, High-performance supercapacitors of ruthenium-based nanohybrid compounds. J. Alloy Compd. 842, 155798 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.15579810.1016/j.jallcom.2020.155798 ↗
47. K.-C. Huang, C.-H. Lin, K.S. Anuratha, T.-Y. Huang, J.-Y. Lin, F.-G. Tseng, C.-K. Hsieh, Laser printer patterned sacrificed layer for arbitrary design and scalable fabrication of the all-solid-state interdigitated in-planar hydrous ruthenium oxide flexible micro supercapacitors. J. Power Sources 417, 108–116 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.02.01610.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.02.016 ↗
48. S.N. Khatavkar, S.D. Sartale, α-Fe2O3 thin film on stainless steel mesh: a flexible electrode for supercapacitor. Mater. Chem. Phys. 225, 284–291 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.12.07910.1016/j.matchemphys.2018.12.079 ↗
49. J. Shen, Q. Wang, K. Zhang, S. Wang, L. Li, S. Dong, S. Zhao, J. Chen, R. Sun, Y. Wang, Z. Jian, W. Zhang, Flexible carbon cloth based solid-state supercapacitor from hierarchical holothurian-morphological NiCo2O4@NiMoO4/PANI. Electrochim. Acta 320, 134578 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.13457810.1016/j.electacta.2019.134578 ↗
50. S. Liu, Y. Yin, Y. Shen, K.S. Hui, Y.T. Chun, J.M. Kim, K.N. Hui, L. Zhang, S.C. Jun, Phosphorus regulated cobalt oxide@nitrogen-doped carbon nanowires for flexible quasi-solid-state supercapacitors. Small 16(4), 1906458 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.20190645810.1002/smll.201906458 ↗
51. X. Li, Z. Yang, W. Qi, Y. Li, Y. Wu, S. Zhou, S. Huang, J. Wei, H. Li, P. Yao, Binder-free Co3O4@NiCoAl-layered double hydroxide core-shell hybrid architectural nanowire arrays with enhanced electrochemical performance. Appl. Surf. Sci. 363, 381–388 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.03910.1016/j.apsusc.2015.12.039 ↗
52. S.C. Lee, M. Kim, J.-H. Park, E.S. Kim, S. Liu, K.Y. Chung, S. Chan Jun, An unexpected phase-transformation of cobalt–vanadium layered double hydroxides toward high energy density hybrid supercapacitor. J Power Sources 486, 229–341 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.22934110.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.229341 ↗
53. P.A. Shinde, N.R. Chodankar, S. Lee, E. Jung, S. Aftab, Y.-K. Han, S.C. Jun, All-redox solid-state supercapacitor with cobalt manganese oxide@bimetallic hydroxides and vanadium nitride@nitrogen-doped carbon electrodes. Chem. Eng. J. 405, 127029 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.12702910.1016/j.cej.2020.127029 ↗
54. X. Tang, X. Guo, W. Wu, G. Wang, 2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) as high-performance electrode materials for Lithium-based batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 8(33), 1801897 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20180189710.1002/aenm.201801897 ↗
55. C. Zhu, Y. Sun, D. Chao, X. Wang, P. Yang, X. Zhang, H. Huang, H. Zhang, H.J. Fan, A 2.0 V capacitive device derived from shape-preserved metal nitride nanorods. Nano Energy 26, 1–6 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.04.05610.1016/j.nanoen.2016.04.056 ↗
56. Y. Zhang, B. Ouyang, J. Xu, G. Jia, S. Chen, R.S. Rawat, H.J. Fan, Rapid synthesis of cobalt nitride nanowires: highly efficient and low-cost catalysts for oxygen evolution. Angew. Chem. 128(30), 8812–8816 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.20160437210.1002/ange.201604372 ↗
57. B. Gao, X. Li, K. Ding, C. Huang, Q. Li, P.K. Chu, K. Huo, Recent progress in nanostructured transition metal nitrides for advanced electrochemical energy storage. J. Mater. Chem. A 7(1), 14–37 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C8TA05760E10.1039/C8TA05760E ↗
58. Y. Zhong, X. Xia, F. Shi, J. Zhan, J. Tu, H.J. Fan, Transition metal carbides and nitrides in energy storage and conversion. Adv. Sci. 3(5), 150286 (2016)10.1002/advs.201500286 ↗
59. M.-S. Balogun, Y. Huang, W. Qiu, H. Yang, H. Ji, Y. Tong, Updates on the development of nanostructured transition metal nitrides for electrochemical energy storage and water splitting. Mater. Today 20(8), 425–451 (2017)10.1016/j.mattod.2017.03.019 ↗
60. D. Choi, P.N. Kumta, Synthesis and characterization of nanostructured niobium and molybdenum nitrides by a two-step transition metal halide approach. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 94(8), 2371–2378 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04412.x10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04412.x ↗
61. K. Schwarz, Band structure and chemical bonding in transition metal carbides and nitrides. Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci. 13(3), 211–257 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1080/1040843870824217810.1080/10408438708242178 ↗
62. D.J. Ham, J.S. Lee, Transition metal carbides and nitrides as electrode materials for low temperature fuel cells. Energies 2(4), 873–899 (2009). https://doi.org/10.3390/en2040087310.3390/en20400873 ↗
63. D. Zhao, Z. Cui, S. Wang, J. Qin, M. Cao, VN hollow spheres assembled from porous nanosheets for high-performance lithium storage and the oxygen reduction reaction. J. Mater. Chem. A 4(20), 7914–7923 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA01707J10.1039/C6TA01707J ↗
64. C. Huang, Y. Yang, J. Fu, J. Wu, H. Song, X. Zhang, B. Gao, P.K. Chu, K. Huo, Flexible Nb4N5/rGO electrode for high-performance solid state supercapacitors. J. Nanosci. Nanotechnol. 18(1), 30–38 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2018.1459510.1166/jnn.2018.14595 ↗
65. W. Bi, Z. Hu, X. Li, C. Wu, J. Wu, Y. Wu, Y. Xie, Metallic mesocrystal nanosheets of vanadium nitride for high-performance all-solid-state pseudocapacitors. Nano Res. 8(1), 193–200 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-014-0612-y10.1007/s12274-014-0612-y ↗
66. C. Dong, X. Wang, X. Liu, X. Yuan, W. Dong, H. Cui, Y. Duan, F. Huang, In situ grown Nb4N5 nanocrystal on nitrogen-doped graphene as a novel anode for lithium ion battery. RSC Adv. 6(84), 81290–81295 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13647h10.1039/c6ra13647h ↗
67. H. Xu, H. Zhang, L. Fang, J. Yang, K. Wu, Y. Wang, Hierarchical molybdenum nitride nanochexes by a textured self-assembly in gas–solid phase for the enhanced application in lithium ion batteries. ACS Nano 9(7), 6817–6825 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b0241510.1021/acsnano.5b02415 ↗
68. B. Das, M. Behm, G. Lindbergh, M.V. Reddy, B.V.R. Chowdari, High performance metal nitrides, MN (M = Cr, Co) nanoparticles for non-aqueous hybrid supercapacitors. Adv. Powder Technol. 26(3), 783–788 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apt.2015.02.00110.1016/j.apt.2015.02.001 ↗
69. X. Jiang, W. Lu, X. Yu, S. Song, Y. Xing, Fabrication of a vanadium nitride/N-doped carbon hollow nanosphere composite as an efficient electrode material for asymmetric supercapacitors. Nanoscale Adv. 2(9), 3865–3871 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/D0NA00288G10.1039/D0NA00288G ↗
70. Z. Qi, B. Wei, J. Wang, Y. Yang, Z. Wang, Nanostructured porous CrN thin films by oblique angle magnetron sputtering for symmetric supercapacitors. J. Alloy Compd. 806, 953–959 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.32510.1016/j.jallcom.2019.07.325 ↗
71. A. Guerra, E. Haye, A. Achour, M. Harnois, T. Hadjersi, J.-F. Colomer, J.-J. Pireaux, S. Lucas, R. Boukherroub, High performance of 3D silicon nanowires array@CrN for electrochemical capacitors. Nanotechnology 31(3), 035407 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab496310.1088/1361-6528/ab4963 ↗
72. Z. Gao, Z. Wu, S. Zhao, T. Zhang, Q. Wang, Enhanced capacitive property of HfN film electrode by plasma etching for supercapacitors. Mater. Lett. 235, 148–152 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.10.03210.1016/j.matlet.2018.10.032 ↗
73. H. Shen, B. Wei, D. Zhang, Z. Qi, Z. Wang, Magnetron sputtered NbN thin film electrodes for supercapacitors. Mater. Lett. 229, 17–20 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.06.05210.1016/j.matlet.2018.06.052 ↗
74. T. He, W. Zhang, P. Manasa, F. Ran, Quantum dots of molybdenum nitride embedded in continuously distributed polyaniline as novel electrode material for supercapacitor. J. Alloy Compd. 812, 152138 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2019.15213810.1016/j.jallcom.2019.152138 ↗
75. S. Ouendi, K. Robert, D. Stiévenard, T. Brousse, P. Roussel, C. Lethien, Sputtered tungsten nitride films as pseudocapacitive electrode for on chip micro-supercapacitors. Energy Storage Mater. 20, 243–252 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2019.04.00610.1016/j.ensm.2019.04.006 ↗
76. X. Xu, S. Chang, Z. Hong, Y. Zeng, H. Zhang, P. Li, S. Zheng, Z. Wang, S. Duo, Construction of 3D CrN@ nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheet arrays by reactive magnetron sputtering for the free-standing electrode of supercapacitor. Nanotechnology 33(5), 055402 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ac335610.1088/1361-6528/ac3356 ↗
77. S. Venkateshalu, J. Cherusseri, M. Karnan, K.S. Kumar, P. Kollu, M. Sathish, J. Thomas, S.K. Jeong, A.N. Grace, New method for the synthesis of 2D vanadium nitride (MXene) and its application as a supercapacitor electrode. ACS Omega 5(29), 17983–17992 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.0c0121510.1021/acsomega.0c01215 ↗
78. L. Xu, L. Sun, J. Feng, L. Qi, I. Muhammad, J. Maher, X. Cheng, W. Song, Nanocasting synthesis of an iron nitride-ordered mesopore carbon composite as a novel electrode material for supercapacitors. RSC Adv. 7(70), 44619–44625 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ra08704g10.1039/c7ra08704g ↗
79. A. Śliwak, A. Moyseowicz, G. Gryglewicz, Hydrothermal-assisted synthesis of an iron nitride–carbon composite as a novel electrode material for supercapacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 5(12), 5680–5684 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA10985C10.1039/C6TA10985C ↗
80. M. Ishaq, M. Jabeen, W. Song, L. Xu, W. Li, Q. Deng, Fluorinated graphene-supported Nickel-Cobalt-Iron nitride nanoparticles as a promising hybrid electrode for supercapacitor applications. Electrochim. Acta 282, 913–922 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.08710.1016/j.electacta.2018.06.087 ↗
81. N. Ouldhamadouche, A. Achour, R. Lucio-Porto, M. Islam, S. Solaymani, A. Arman, A. Ahmadpourian, H. Achour, L. Le Brizoual, M.A. Djouadi, Electrodes based on nano-tree-like vanadium nitride and carbon nanotubes for micro-supercapacitors. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 34(6), 976–982 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2017.11.04810.1016/j.jmst.2017.11.048 ↗
82. W. Zhang, Y. Yang, M. Ravi, L. Kong, L. Kang, F. Ran, Interconnected porous composites electrode materials of Carbon@Vanadium nitride by directly absorbing VO3. Electrochim. Acta 306, 113–121 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.11210.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.112 ↗
83. A. Salman, S. Padmajan Sasikala, I.H. Kim, J.T. Kim, G.S. Lee, J.G. Kim, S.O. Kim, Tungsten nitride-coated graphene fibers for high-performance wearable supercapacitors. Nanoscale 12(39), 20239–20249 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0nr06636b10.1039/d0nr06636b ↗
84. J. Wang, K. Ma, J. Zhang, F. Liu, J. Cheng, Template-free synthesis of hierarchical hollow NiSx microspheres for supercapacitor. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 507, 290–299 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.09510.1016/j.jcis.2017.07.095 ↗
85. Q. Zhang, L. Mei, X. Cao, Y. Tang, Z. Zeng, Intercalation and exfoliation chemistries of transition metal dichalcogenides. J. Mater. Chem. A 8(31), 15417–15444 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/D0TA03727C10.1039/D0TA03727C ↗
86. H. Tong, W. Bai, S. Yue, Z. Gao, L. Lu, L. Shen, S. Dong, J. Zhu, J. He, X. Zhang, Zinc cobalt sulfide nanosheets grown on nitrogen-doped graphene/carbon nanotube film as a high-performance electrode for supercapacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 4(29), 11256–11263 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA02249A10.1039/C6TA02249A ↗
87. P. Kulkarni, S. Nataraj, R.G. Balakrishna, D. Nagaraju, M. Reddy, Nanostructured binary and ternary metal sulfides: synthesis methods and their application in energy conversion and storage devices. J. Mater. Chem. A 5(42), 22040–22094 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/C7TA07329A10.1039/C7TA07329A ↗
88. T. Li, Y. Bai, Y. Wang, H. Xu, H. Jin, Advances in transition-metal (Zn, Mn, Cu)-based MOFs and their derivatives for anode of lithium-ion batteries. Coord. Chem. Rev. 410, 213221 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2020.21322110.1016/j.ccr.2020.213221 ↗
89. Z. Zhang, Z. Huang, L. Ren, Y. Shen, X. Qi, J. Zhong, One-pot synthesis of hierarchically nanostructured Ni3S2 dendrites as active materials for supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 149, 316–323 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.09710.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.097 ↗
90. D. Kim, P. Karthick Kannan, S. Mateti, C.-H. Chung, Indirect nanoconstruction morphology of Ni3S2 electrodes renovates the performance for electrochemical energy storage. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 1(12), 6945–6952 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.8b0131010.1021/acsaem.8b01310 ↗
91. T. Chen, Z. Liu, Z. Liu, X. Tao, H. Fan, L. Guo, Fabrication of interconnected 2D/3D NiS/Ni3S4 composites for high performance supercapacitor. Mater. Lett. 248, 1–4 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2019.03.12510.1016/j.matlet.2019.03.125 ↗
92. S. Liu, K. San Hui, K.N. Hui, J.M. Yun, K.H. Kim, Vertically stacked bilayer CuCo2O4/MnCo 2O4 heterostructures on functionalized graphite paper for high-performance electrochemical capacitors. J. Mater. Chem. A 4(21), 8061–8071 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/C6TA00960C10.1039/C6TA00960C ↗
93. J. Ren, Q. Meng, Z. Xu, X. Zhang, J. Chen, CoS2 hollow nanocubes derived from Co-Co Prussian blue analogue: High-performance electrode materials for supercapacitors. J. Electroanal. Chem. 836, 30–37 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.01.04910.1016/j.jelechem.2019.01.049 ↗
94. H. Jia, Z. Wang, X. Zheng, Y. Cai, J. Lin, H. Liang, J. Qi, J. Cao, J. Feng, W. Fei, Controlled synthesis of MOF-derived quadruple-shelled CoS2 hollow dodecahedrons as enhanced electrodes for supercapacitors. Electrochim. Acta 312, 54–61 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.19210.1016/j.electacta.2019.04.192 ↗
95. Z. Sun, X. Yang, H. Lin, F. Zhang, Q. Wang, F. Qu, Bifunctional iron disulfide nanoellipsoids for high energy density supercapacitor and electrocatalytic oxygen evolution applications. Inorg. Chem. Front. 6(3), 659–670 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C8QI01230J10.1039/C8QI01230J ↗
96. D. Li, S. Song, J. Lu, J. Liang, Y. Zhang, L. Li, A general self-template-etched solution route for the synthesis of 2D γ-manganese sulfide nanoplates and their enhanced supercapacitive performance. New J. Chem. 43(12), 4674–4680 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NJ06143B10.1039/C8NJ06143B ↗
97. R.K. Mishra, G.W. Baek, K. Kim, H.-I. Kwon, S.H. Jin, One-step solvothermal synthesis of carnation flower-like SnS2 as superior electrodes for supercapacitor applications. Appl. Surf. Sci. 425, 923–931 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.04510.1016/j.apsusc.2017.07.045 ↗
98. N. Parveen, S.A. Ansari, H.R. Alamri, M.O. Ansari, Z. Khan, M.H. Cho, Facile synthesis of SnS2 nanostructures with different morphologies for high-performance supercapacitor applications. ACS Omega 3(2), 1581–1588 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.7b0193910.1021/acsomega.7b01939 ↗
99. X.Y. Yu, X.W. David Lou, Mixed metal sulfides for electrochemical energy storage and conversion. Adv. Energy Mater. 8(3), 1701–592 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.20170159210.1002/aenm.201701592 ↗
100. R. Xu, J. Lin, J. Wu, M. Huang, L. Fan, X. He, Y. Wang, Z. Xu, A two-step hydrothermal synthesis approach to synthesize NiCo2S4/NiS hollow nanospheres for high-performance asymmetric supercapacitors. Appl. Surf. Sci. 422, 597–606 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.00310.1016/j.apsusc.2017.06.003 ↗