Artificial Neural Network Modeling of Early-Age Dynamic Young’s Modulus of Normal Concrete

Self-consolidating concrete (SCC) is a highly flowable concrete that is characteristically sensitive to mixing and hauling variables such as transportation time. In real-world applications, lengthy hauling times are often necessary for transportation to the job site and can result in deviations in the fresh properties of SCC. In this investigation, air-entrained SCCs were developed at a constant water-to-cementitious material ratio (w/cm) of 0.40 and air content of 6% for three distinct slump flows of 559, 635, and 711 mm (22, 25, and 28 in.). Test results revealed that the slump flow losses up to 39% were recorded after 90 minutes of hauling time. The air content increased with hauling time, ranging from 2.6% to 4.8%. The air void characteristics improved with hauling time, with an average increase in specific surface of 9.5 mm-1 (241.3 in.-1) and an average decrease in spacing factor of 64 �m (0.0025 in.).