journal article·2021-03

Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Cr-Al-N Diffusion Coatings against Silicon Nitride

Bülent Kılınç, Engin Kocaman, Şaduman Şen, Uğur Şen

Publisher page

Abstract

In this study, the friction and wear behavior of uncoated and chromium aluminum nitride (Cr-Al-N)-coated AISI D2 tool steel disks were studied using a ball-on-disk system. Thermo-reactive diffusion technique was utilized to the coat desired phases onto pre-nitrided AISI D2 steel. The morphology and the phases formed on the coating layer were characterized by optical and scanning electron microscopy along with x-ray diffraction analysis. Friction and wear tests were conducted under atmospheric conditions with 2.5, 5 and 10 N loads at 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 m/s sliding speeds against a silicon nitride ball. A dense and homogeneous coating layer with the thickness and hardness of 11.8 ± 1.3 µm and 2067 ± 160 HV0.01 was obtained. The results revealed that the friction coefficient values varied between 0.6-0.942 and 0.025-0.479 for uncoated and Cr-Al-N-coated AISI D2 steels, respectively. The wear rate of the uncoated and Cr-Al-N-coated AISI D2 steel fluctuated in the range of 5.01 × 10−4-3.47 × 10−3 mm3/m and 9.38 × 10−5-9.31 × 10−4 mm3/m, respectively. The wear rate of the Cr-Al-N coating was much lower than that of the AISI D2 steel.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Metal and Thin Film Mechanics · Tribology and Wear Analysis · Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (35)

Show source-provided references
1. Y.C. Chim, X. Ding, X.T. Zeng and S. Zhang, Oxidation Resistance of TiN, CrN, TiAlN and CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Lateral Rotating Cathode Arc, Thin Solid Films, 2009, 517, p 4845–4849.10.1016/j.tsf.2009.03.038 ↗
2. C. Yu, S. Wang, L. Tian, T. Li and B. Xu, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Modified Ion Beam Enhanced Magnetron Sputtering on AISI H13 Steel, J. Mater. Sci., 2009, 44, p 300–305.10.1007/s10853-008-3066-3 ↗
3. X.Z. Ding and X.T. Zeng, Structural, Mechanical and Tribological Properties of CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Reactive Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2005, 200, p 1372–1376.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.08.072 ↗
4. J. Romero, M.A. Gomez, J. Esteve, F. Montala, L. Carreras, M. Grifol and A. Lousa, CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Cathodic Arc Evaporation at Different Substrate Bias, Thin Solid Films, 2006, 515, p 113–117.10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.061 ↗
5. X.Z. Ding and X.T. Zeng, CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Reactive Unbalanced Magnetron Sputtering, SIMTech. Rep., 2005, 6, p 1–5.
6. C. Yu, L. Tian, W. Yinghui, S. Wang, T. Li and B. Xu, The Effect of Substrate Bias Voltages on Impact Resistance of CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Modified Ion Beam Enhanced Magnetron Sputtering, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2009, 255, p 4033–4038.10.1016/j.apsusc.2008.10.089 ↗
7. J. Lin, B. Mishra, J.J. Moorea and W.D. Sprou, A Study of the Oxidation Behavior of CrN and CrAlN Thin Films in Air using DSC and TGA Analyses, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202, p 3272–3283.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.11.037 ↗
8. J. Romero, M.A. Gómez, J. Esteve, F. Montalà, L. Carreras, M. Grifol and A. Lousa, CrAlN Coatings Deposited by Cathodic Arc Evaporation at Different Substrate Bias, Thin Solid Films, 2006, 515, p 113–117.10.1016/j.tsf.2006.01.061 ↗
9. T. Polcar and A. Cavaleiro, High-Temperature Tribological Properties of CrAlN, CrAlSiN and AlCrSiN Coatings, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 206, p 1244–1251.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2011.08.037 ↗
10. J.L. Mo and M.H. Zhu, Sliding Tribological Behaviors of PVD CrN and AlCrN Coatings Against Si3N4 Ceramic and Pure Titanium, Wear, 2009, 267, p 874–881.10.1016/j.wear.2008.12.047 ↗
11. U. Sen, Friction and Wear Properties of Thermo-Reactive Diffusion Coatings Against Titanium Nitride Coated Steels, Mater. Des., 2005, 26, p 167–174.10.1016/j.matdes.2004.05.010 ↗
12. V. Raghavan, Physical Metallurgy Principles and Practice, New Delhi Ltd., New Delhi, 2006.
13. W. Heinke, A. Leyland, A. Matthews, G. Berg, C. Friedrich and E. Broszeit, Evaluation of PVD Nitride Coatings, using İmpact, Scratch and Rockwell-C Adhesion Tests, Thin Solid Films, 1995, 270, p 431–438.10.1016/0040-6090(95)06934-8 ↗
14. J. Gerth and U. Wiklund, The İnfluence of Metallic İnterlayers on the Adhesion of PVD TiN Coatings on High-Speed Steel, Wear, 2008, 264, p 885–892.10.1016/j.wear.2006.11.053 ↗
15. F. Zhou, C.M. Zuh, S.S. Kim and R.I. Murakami, Sliding-Wear Behavior of TiN- and CrN-Coated 2024 Aluminum Alloy Against an Al2O3 Ball, Tribol. Lett., 2002, 13, p 173.10.1023/A:1020103908345 ↗
16. O. Ozdemir, S. Sen and U. Sen, Formation of Chromium Nitride Layers on AISI 1010 Steel by Nitro-Chromizing Treatment, Vacuum, 2007, 81, p 567–570.10.1016/j.vacuum.2006.07.002 ↗
17. R.D. Torres, P.C. Soares, J.C. Schmitz and C.J.M. Siqueira, Influence of the Nitriding and TiAlN/TiN Coating Thickness on the Sliding Wear Behavior of Duplex Treated AISI H13 Steel, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2010, 205, p 1381–1385.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.07.102 ↗
18. J. Lin, W.D. Sproul, J.J. Moore, S. Lee and S. Myers, High Rate Deposition of Thick CrN and Cr2N Coatings using Modulated Pulse Power (MPP) Magnetron Sputtering, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2011, 205, p 3226–3234.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2010.11.039 ↗
19. S.R. Pulugurtha, Chromium Nitride and Chromium Aluminum Nitride Epitaxial Films for Growth of Alpha-Alumina by AC Reactive Magnetron Sputtering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, 2007.
20. J.L. Mo and M.H. Zhu, Sliding Tribological Behavior of AlCrN Coating, Tribol. Int., 2008, 41, p 1161–1168.10.1016/j.triboint.2008.02.007 ↗
21. A. Miletić, P. Panjan, M. Čekada, L. Kovačević, P. Terek, J. Kovač, G. Drazić and B. Škorić, Nanolayer CrAlN/TiSiN Coating Designed for Tribological Applications, Ceram. Int., 2021, 47, p 2022–2033.10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.09.034 ↗
22. F.O. Ramírez-Reyna, G.A. Rodríguez-Castro, U. Figueroa-López, R.C. Morón, I. Arzate-Vázquez and A. Meneses-Amador, Effect of Nitriding Pretreatment on Adhesion and Tribological Properties of AlCrN Coating, Mater. Lett., 2021, 284(1), p 1–4.
23. W.L. Lo, S.Y. Hsu, Y.C. Lin, S.Y. Tsai, Y.T. Lai and J.G. Duh, Improvement of High Entropy Alloy Nitride Coatings (AlCrNbSiTiMo)N on Mechanical and High Temperature Tribological Properties by Tuning Substrate Bias, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2020, 401, p 1–7.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2020.126247 ↗
24. A. Devaraju, P. Rajendran, A. Elaya-Perumal and I. Saravanan, Investigation of Temperature Influence in Wear Studies on Nitride Coatings, Mater. Today Proc., 2020, 22, p 1167–1174.10.1016/j.matpr.2019.12.045 ↗
25. J. Zhang, Z. Li, Y. Wang, S. Zhou, Y. Wang, Z. Zeng and J. Li, A New Method to Improve the Tribological Performance of Metal Nitride Coating: A Case Study for CrN Coating, Vacuum, 2020, 173, p 1–9.
26. E. Damerchi, A. Abdollah-zadeh, R. Poursalehi and M.S. Mehr, Effects of Functionally Graded TiN Layer and Deposition Temperature on the Structure and Surface Properties of TiCN Coating Deposited on Plasma Nitrided H13 Steel by PACVD Method, J. Alloy. Compd., 2019, 772, p 612–624.10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.09.083 ↗
27. M.I. Bashir, M. Shafiq, M. Naeem, M. Zaka-ul-Islam, J.C. Díaz-Guillén, C.M. Lopez-Badillo and M. Zakaullah, Enhanced Surface Properties of Aluminum by PVD-TiN Coating Combined with Cathodic Cage Plasma Nitriding, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2017, 327, p 59–65.10.1016/j.surfcoat.2017.08.015 ↗
28. Z. Gronostajski, M. Kaszuba, P. Widomski, J. Smolik, J. Ziemba and M. Hawryluk, Analysis of Wear Mechanisms of Hot Forging Tools Protected with Hybrid Layers Performed by Nitriding and PVD Coatings Deposition, Wear, 2019, 420, p 269–280.10.1016/j.wear.2019.01.003 ↗
29. R. Liu and D.Y. Li, Modification of Archard’s Equation by Taking Account of Elastic/Pseudoelastic Properties of Materials, Wear, 2001, 251, p 956–964.10.1016/S0043-1648(01)00711-6 ↗
30. D.A. Rigney, Comments on the Sliding Wear of Metals, Tribol. Int., 1997, 30, p 361–367.10.1016/S0301-679X(96)00065-5 ↗
31. S. Sen and U. Sen, Sliding Wear Behavior of Niobium Carbide Coated AISI 1040 Steel, Wear, 2008, 264, p 219–225.10.1016/j.wear.2007.03.006 ↗
32. A. Richter, Recipe for Enhancement, Cut. Tool Eng., 2005, 57, p 10–12.
33. U. Wiklund, O. Wanstrand, M. Larsson and S. Hogmark, Evaluation of New Multilayered Physical Vapour Deposition Coatings in Sliding Contact, Wear, 1999, 236, p 88–95.10.1016/S0043-1648(99)00265-3 ↗
34. Y.L. Su, S.H. Yao, C.S. Wei, C.T. Wu and W.H. Kao, Evaluation on the Wear, Tension and Fatigue Behavior of Various PVD Coating Materials, Mater. Lett., 1998, 35, p 255–260.10.1016/S0167-577X(97)00259-0 ↗
35. J.L. Mo, M.H. Zhu, B. Lei, Y.X. Leng and N. Huang, Comparison of Tribological Behaviours of AlCrN and TiAlN coatings—Deposited by Physical Vapor Deposition, Wear, 2007, 263, p 1423–1429.10.1016/j.wear.2007.01.051 ↗