Electrochemical Investigations on the Corrosion Behavior of 904L Stainless Steel in LiBr Solutions
Source abstract
Abstract
Abstract The pitting corrosion susceptibility of 904L stainless steel in aerated LiBr solutions was investigated. The influence of various experimental variables, including electrolyte concentrations, pH, scan rate, temperatures, and constant potential has been studied using electrochemical measurements, such as cyclic potentiodynamic polarization, potentiostatic techniques, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The surface morphology of 904L stainless steel was examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The rate of uniform corrosion and susceptibility toward pitting corrosion increases with an increase in LiBr concentrations and temperature. Increasing the pH of the solution decreases the rate of both uniform and pitting corrosion. An increase in the scan rate enhances the uniform corrosion, but suppresses the pitting corrosion. EIS diagrams displayed a depressed semicircles with the center under the real axis. Bode plots support the result that the uniform corrosion resistance of the alloy in LiBr solutions decreases with increasing Br− anion concentration. The observations suggest that this one time constant may actually be the overlap of two-time constants.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Hydrogen embrittlement and corrosion behaviors in metals · Corrosion Behavior and Inhibition · Concrete Corrosion and Durability
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (68)
Show source-provided references
1. P. Srikhirin, S. Aphornratana, and S. Chungpaibulpatana, A Review of Absorption Refrigeration Technologies, Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev., 2001, 5(4), p 343–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1364-0321(01)00003-X10.1016/S1364-0321(01)00003-X ↗
2. K.E. Herold, R. Radermacher, and S.A. Klein, Absorption Chillers and Heat Pumps, CRC Press, London, 2016.10.1201/b19625 ↗
3. D.-W. Sun, Thermodynamic Design Data and Optimum Design Maps for Absorption Refrigeration Systems, Appl. Therm. Eng., 1997, 17(3), p 211–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-4311(96)00041-510.1016/S1359-4311(96)00041-5 ↗
4. J.L. Guiñon, J. Garcia-Anton, V. Pérez-Herranz, and G. Lacoste, Corrosion of Carbon Steels, Stainless Steels, and Titanium in Aqueous Lithium Bromide Solution. Corrosion, 1994, 50(3), p 240–246. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.329351610.5006/1.3293516 ↗
5. K.D. Rafferty, Geothermal Direct Use Engineering and Design Guidebook, Geo-Heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, 1991. https://doi.org/10.2172/585999910.2172/5859999 ↗
6. A. Igual Munoz, J. García Antón, J.L. Guinón, and V. Pérez Herranz, Corrosion Behavior and Galvanic Coupling of Stainless Steels, Titanium, and Alloy 33 in Lithium Bromide Solutions, Corrosion, 2003, 59(7), p 606–615. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.327759110.5006/1.3277591 ↗
7. J.M. George and S.S. Murthy, Influence of Generator Effectiveness on Performance of Vapour Absorption Heat Transformers, Int. J. Energy Res., 1989, 13(6), p 687–699. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.444013060810.1002/er.4440130608 ↗
8. A. Valero-Gómez, A. Igual-Muñoz, and J. García-Antón, Corrosion and Galvanic Behavior of Copper and Copper-Brazed Joints in Heavy Brine Lithium Bromide Solutions, Corrosion, 2006, 62(12), p 1117–1131. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.327824510.5006/1.3278245 ↗
9. E.A. Abd El Meguid, and N.K. Awad, Electrochemical Pitting Corrosion Behaviour of α-Brass in LiBr Containing Solutions, Corros. Sci., 2009, 51(5), p 1134–1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.02.01910.1016/j.corsci.2009.02.019 ↗
10. E.A. Abd El Meguid, S.S. Abd El Rehim, S.A. Al Kiey. Inhibitory Effect of Cetyltrimethyl Ammonoium Bromide on the Corrosion of 904L Stainless Steel in LiBr Solution, Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol., 2016, 51, p 429. https://doi.org/10.1080/1478422X.2015.113179910.1080/1478422X.2015.1131799 ↗
11. J. Olsson and M. Snis, Duplex — A New Generation of Stainless Steels for Desalination Plants, Desalination, 2007, 205(1), p 104–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2006.02.05110.1016/j.desal.2006.02.051 ↗
12. N. Solomon and I. Solomon, Effect of Deformation-Induced Phase Transformation on AISI 316 Stainless Steel Corrosion Resistance, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2017, 79, p 865–875. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.05.03110.1016/j.engfailanal.2017.05.031 ↗
13. J.R. Davis, Stainless Steels, ASM International, Singapore, 1994.
14. E.A. Abd El Meguid, and A.A. Abd El Latif, Electrochemical and SEM Study on Type 254 SMO Stainless Steel in Chloride Solutions, Corros. Sci., 2004, 46(10), p 2431–2444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2004.01.02210.1016/j.corsci.2004.01.022 ↗
15. G. Zou, W. Shi, S. Xiang, X. Ji, G. Ma, and R.G. Ballinger, Corrosion Behavior of 904L Austenitic Stainless Steel in Hydrofluoric Acid, RSC Adv., 2018, 8(5), p 2811–2817. https://doi.org/10.1039/C7RA12453H10.1039/C7RA12453H ↗
16. J. Wang, W. Shi, S. Xiang, and R.G. Ballinger, Study of the Corrosion Behaviour of Sensitized 904L Austenitic Stainless Steel in Cl- Solution, Corros. Sci., 2021, 181, p 109234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2020.10923410.1016/j.corsci.2020.109234 ↗
17. R. Jiang, G. Zou, W. Shi, Y. Liang, and S. Xiang, Corrosion Behavior of Plasma-Nitrided 904L Austenitic Stainless Steel in Hydrofluoric Acid, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2019, 28(3), p 1863–1872. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11665-019-03938-y10.1007/s11665-019-03938-y ↗
18. Y. Han, G. Qiao, J. Sun, and D. Zou, A Comparative Study on Constitutive Relationship of As-Cast 904L Austenitic Stainless Steel during Hot Deformation Based on Arrhenius-type and Artificial Neural Network Models, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2013, 67, p 93–103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2012.07.02810.1016/j.commatsci.2012.07.028 ↗
19. S. Pradhan, P. Bhuyan, and S. Mandal, Influence of the Individual Microstructural Features on Pitting Corrosion in Type 304 Austenitic Stainless Steel, Corros. Sci., 2019, 158, p 108091.10.1016/j.corsci.2019.108091 ↗
20. M. Li, D. Zou, Y. Li, and L. Tong, Effect of Cooling Rate on Pitting Corrosion Behavior of 904L Austenitic Stainless Steel in a Simulated Flue Gas Desulfurization Solution, Met. Mater. Int., 2022 https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-022-01255-z10.1007/s12540-022-01255-z ↗
21. R.T. Loto and C.A. Loto, Comparative Assessment of the Pitting Corrosion Resistance and Passivation Behaviour of 439L Ferritic and 904L Austenitic Stainless Steels for Application in Extreme Process Environments, J. Bio- Tribo-Corros., 2019, 5(3), p 1–15.10.1007/s40735-019-0249-1 ↗
22. M. Lindgren, E. Huttunen-Saarivirta, H. Peltola, J. Romu, T. Sarikka, H. Hänninen, and P. Pohjanne, Crevice corrosion of Stainless Steels 904L, 2205, and 2507 in High-Temperature Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Chlorides: Influence of Metal Cations, Corrosion, 2018, 74(2), p 225–240.10.5006/2565 ↗
23. M. Lindgren, S. Siljander, R. Suihkonen, P. Pohjanne, and J. Vuorinen, Erosion–Corrosion Resistance of Various Stainless Steel Grades in High-Temperature Sulfuric Acid Solution, Wear, 2016, 364, p 10–21.10.1016/j.wear.2016.06.007 ↗
24. T. Prosek, A. Iversen, C. Taxen, Low Temperature Stress Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steels in the Atmosphere in Presence of Chloride Deposits, in Corrosion 2008. 2008, OnePetro10.5006/1.3319115 ↗
25. V. Raja, Stress Corrosion Cracking Behaviour of 904L SS and Type 317L SS Weld-Fusion Zones in Boiling Water Reactor Startup Condition (2010)
26. A. Tomio, M. Sagara, T. Doi, H. Amaya, N. Otsuka, and T. Kudo, Role of Alloyed Copper on Corrosion Resistance of Austenitic Stainless Steel in H2S–Cl− Environment, Corros. Sci., 2014, 81, p 144–151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2013.12.01310.1016/j.corsci.2013.12.013 ↗
27. D. Ye, J. Li, W. Jiang, J. Su, and K. Zhao, Effect of Cu Addition on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 15%Cr Super Martensitic Stainless Steel, Mater. Des., 2012, 41, p 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.04.03610.1016/j.matdes.2012.04.036 ↗
28. E.E. Oguzie, J. Li, Y. Liu, D. Chen, Y. Li, K. Yang, and F. Wang, The Effect of Cu Addition on the Electrochemical Corrosion and Passivation Behavior of Stainless Steels, Electrochim. Acta, 2010, 55(17), p 5028–5035.10.1016/j.electacta.2010.04.015 ↗
29. E.A. Abd El Meguid, Pitting Susceptibility of UNS NO. 8904 Stainless Steel in Bromide-Sulphide Solution, J. Mater. Sci., 1998, 33(13), p 3465–3470. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:101321832093410.1023/A:1013218320934 ↗
30. E.A. Abd El Meguid, and N.A. Mahmoud, Inhibition of Bromide-Pitting Corrosion of Type 904L Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 2003, 59(2), p 104–111. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.327753910.5006/1.3277539 ↗
31. A. Zambon, P. Ferro, and F. Bonollo, Microstructural, Compositional and Residual Stress Evaluation of CO2 Laser Welded Superaustenitic AISI 904L Stainless Steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2006, 424(1), p 117–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.03.00310.1016/j.msea.2006.03.003 ↗
32. N. Hakiki, M.D.C. Belo, A. Simoes, and M. Ferreira, Semiconducting Properties of Passive Films Formed on Stainless Steels: Influence of the Alloying Elements, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1998, 145(11), p 3821. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.183888010.1149/1.1838880 ↗
33. R.M. Fernández-Domene, E. Blasco-Tamarit, D.M. García-García, and J. García-Antón, Effect of Alloying Elements on the Electronic Properties of Thin Passive Films Formed on Carbon Steel, Ferritic and Austenitic Stainless Steels in a Highly Concentrated LiBr Solution, Thin Solid Films, 2014, 558, p 252–258. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsf.2014.03.04210.1016/j.tsf.2014.03.042 ↗
34. A.K. Larios-Galvez, R. Lopez-Sesenes, E. Sarmiento-Bustos, I. Rosales, J. Uruchurtu-Chavarin, J. Porcayo-Calderon, and J.G. Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Corrosion Behavior of Steels in LiBr–H2O–CaCl2–LiNO3 Systems, Metals, 2022, 12(2), p 279. https://doi.org/10.3390/met1202027910.3390/met12020279 ↗
35. G.Z. Meng, C. Zhang, and Y.F. Cheng, Effects of Corrosion Product Deposit on the Subsequent Cathodic and Anodic Reactions of X-70 Steel in Near-Neutral pH Solution, Corros. Sci., 2008, 50(11), p 3116–3122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.08.02610.1016/j.corsci.2008.08.026 ↗
36. D. García-García, E. Blasco-Tamarit, and J. Garcia-Anton, Effects of the Area of a Duplex Stainless Steel Exposed to Corrosion on the Cathodic and Anodic Reactions in a LiBr Solution under Static and Dynamic Conditions, Int. J. Electrochem. Sci., 2011, 6(5), p 1237–1249.10.1016/S1452-3981(23)15070-X ↗
37. E. Blasco-Tamarit, A. Igual-Muñoz, J.G. Antón, and D. García-García, Effect of Temperature on the Corrosion Resistance and Pitting Behaviour of Alloy 31 in LiBr Solutions, Corros. Sci., 2008, 50(7), p 1848–1857. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2008.03.01610.1016/j.corsci.2008.03.016 ↗
38. R.M. Fernández-Domene, E. Blasco-Tamarit, D.M. García-García, and J. García-Antón, Cavitation Corrosion and Repassivation Kinetics of Titanium in a Heavy Brine LiBr Solution Evaluated by Using Electrochemical Techniques and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Electrochim. Acta, 2011, 58(1), p 264–275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.03410.1016/j.electacta.2011.09.034 ↗
39. A.P. Bond, Anodic Polarization Behavior of High-Purity 13 and 18% Cr Stainless Steels, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1975, 120, p 453. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.213430710.1149/1.2134307 ↗
40. C-O. A. Olsson and D. Landolt, Passive Films on Stainless Steels—Chemistry, Structure and Growth, Electrochim. Acta, (2003), 48, p 1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00841-110.1016/S0013-4686(02)00841-1 ↗
41. M. Kaneko and H.S. Isaacs, Effects of Molybdenum on the Pitting of Ferritic- and Austenitic-Stainless Steels in Bromide and Chloride Solutions, Corros. Sci., 2002, 44(8), p 1825–1834. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00003-310.1016/S0010-938X(02)00003-3 ↗
42. C.O.A. Olsson, and D. Landolt, Passive Films on Stainless Steels—Chemistry, Structure and Growth, Electrochim. Acta, 2003, 48(9), p 1093–1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00841-110.1016/S0013-4686(02)00841-1 ↗
43. E. Blasco-Tamarit, A. Igual-Muñoz, J. García Antón, and D. García-García, Effect of Aqueous LiBr Solutions on the Corrosion Resistance and Galvanic Corrosion of an Austenitic Stainless Steel in its Welded and Non-Welded Condition, Corros. Sci., 2006, 48(4), p 863–886. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2005.02.02810.1016/j.corsci.2005.02.028 ↗
44. G.C. Palit, V. Kain, and H.S. Gadiyar, Electrochemical Investigations of Pitting Corrosion in Nitrogen-Bearing Type 316N Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 1993, 49(12), p 979–991.10.5006/1.3316025 ↗
45. R.F.A. Jargelius-Pettersson, Electrochemical Investigation of the Influence of Nitrogen Alloying on Pitting Corrosion of Austenitic Stainless Steels, Corros. Sci., 1999, 41(8), p 1639–1664. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-938X(99)00013-X10.1016/S0010-938X(99)00013-X ↗
46. R.C. Newman, W. R Whitney Award Lecture: Understanding the Corrosion of Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 2001, 57(12), p 1030–1041. https://doi.org/10.5006/1.328167610.5006/1.3281676 ↗
47. S.A.M. Refaey, Inhibition of Steel Pitting Corrosion in HCl by Some Inorganic Anions, Appl. Surf. Sci., 2005, 240(1), p 396–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.07.01410.1016/j.apsusc.2004.07.014 ↗
48. D.D. Macdonald, The Point Defect Model for the Passive State, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1992, 139(12), p 3434–3449. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.206909610.1149/1.2069096 ↗
49. F. Herbert, A. Krishnamoorthy, W. Ma, K. Van Vliet, and B. Yildiz, Dynamics of Point Defect Formation, Clustering and Pit Initiation on the Pyrite Surface, Electrochim. Acta, 2014, 127, p 416–426. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.04810.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.048 ↗
50. R. Case, Evaluation of the Passivity Limits in Austenitic Stainless Steel Exposed to H2S-Containing Brines Using Point Defect Model Analysis, Corros. Eng., Sci. Technol., 2022, 57(2), p 118–131. https://doi.org/10.1080/1478422X.2021.199895210.1080/1478422X.2021.1998952 ↗
51. C.Y. Chao, L.F. Lin, and D.D. Macdonald, A Point Defect Model for Anodic Passive Films I. Film Growth Kinetics, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1981, 128(6), p 1187–1194. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.212759110.1149/1.2127591 ↗
52. Z. Szklarska-Smialowska, Pitting Corrosion of Metals, National Association of Corrosion Engineers, 1440 South Creep Drive, Houston Texas, USA, 1986.
53. R. Leiva-García, M.J. Muñoz-Portero, and J. García-Antón, Corrosion Behaviour of Sensitized and Unsensitized Alloy 900 (UNS 1.4462) in Concentrated Aqueous Lithium Bromide Solutions at Different Temperatures, Corros. Sci., 2010, 52(3), p 950–959. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2009.11.01810.1016/j.corsci.2009.11.018 ↗
54. Z. Szklarska-Smialowska, Review of Literature on Pitting Corrosion Published Since 1960, Corrosion, 2013, 27(6), p 223–233. https://doi.org/10.5006/0010-9312-27.6.22310.5006/0010-9312-27.6.223 ↗
55. J. Wang, C. Su, and Z. Szklarska-Smialowska, Effects of Cl− Concentration and Temperature on Pitting of AISI 304 Stainless Steel, Corrosion, 1988, 44(10), p 732–737.10.5006/1.3584938 ↗
56. P.E. Manning and J. Duquette, The Effect of Temperature (25°–289°C) on Pit Initiation in Single Phase and Duplex 304L Stainless Steels in 100 ppm Cl− Solution, Corros. Sci., 1980, 20(4), p 597–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-938X(80)90074-810.1016/0010-938X(80)90074-8 ↗
57. M.A. Amin, S.S. Abd El-Rehim, E.E.F. El-Sherbini, S.R. Mahmoud, and M.N. Abbas, Pitting Corrosion Studies on Al and Al–Zn Alloys in SCN− Solutions, Electrochim. Acta, 2009, 54(18), p 4288–4296. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2009.02.07610.1016/j.electacta.2009.02.076 ↗
58. M.A. Ameer, A.M. Fekry, and F.E.-T. Heakal, Electrochemical Behaviour of Passive Films on Molybdenum-Containing Austenitic Stainless Steels in Aqueous Solutions, Electrochim. Acta, 2004, 50(1), p 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2004.07.01110.1016/j.electacta.2004.07.011 ↗
59. M.S. Hasanin and S.A. Al Kiey, Environmentally Benign Corrosion Inhibitors Based on Cellulose Niacin Nano-Composite for Corrosion of Copper in Sodium Chloride Solutions, Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2020, 161, p 345–354. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.0410.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.06.04 ↗
60. S.A. Al Kiey, M.S. Hasanin, and S. Dacrory, Potential Anticorrosive Performance of Green and Sustainable Inhibitor Based on Cellulose Derivatives for Carbon Steel, J. Mol. Liq., 2021, 338, p 116604. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2021.11660410.1016/j.molliq.2021.116604 ↗
61. S.A. Al Kiey, H.R.M. Rashdan, M.E. El-Naggar, Insight into Mitigation of Corrosion Behavior of Novel Chalcone Derivative for AZ91 Mg Alloy in Saline Solution: Synthesis, Characterization, Electrochemical and Adsorption Studies. J. Electroanal. Chem., 2023, 934, p 117304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.11730410.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117304 ↗
62. M. Hasanin and S.A. Al Kiey, Development of Ecofriendly High Performance Anti-Corrosive Chitosan Nanocomposite Material for Mild Steel Corrosion in Acid Medium, Biomass Convers. Biorefinery, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02059-810.1007/s13399-021-02059-8 ↗
63. M.G.S. Ferreira, Electrochemical Studies of the Passive Film on 316 Stainless Steel in Chloride Media, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1985, 132(4), p 760–765. https://doi.org/10.1149/1.211395410.1149/1.2113954 ↗
64. S.A. Al Kiey, M.S. Hasanin, F.E.-T. Heakal, Green and sustainable chitosan–gum Arabic nanocomposites as efficient anticorrosive coatings for mild steel in saline media, Sci. Rep., 2022, 12, p 13209. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-17386-710.1038/s41598-022-17386-7 ↗
65. P. Girault, J.L. Grosseau-Poussard, J.F. Dinhut, and L. Marechal, Influence of a Chromium Ion Implantation on the Passive Behaviour of Nickel in Artificial Sea-Water: An EIS and XPS Study, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. B, 2001, 174(4), p 439–452. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-583X(00)00686-810.1016/S0168-583X(00)00686-8 ↗
66. V. Vivier and M.E. Orazem, Impedance Analysis of Electrochemical Systems, Chem. Rev., 2022, 122(12), p 11131–11168.10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00876 ↗
67. A. Popova, E. Sokolova, S. Raicheva, and M. Christov, AC and DC Study of the Temperature Effect on Mild Steel Corrosion in Acid Media in the Presence of Benzimidazole Derivatives, Corros. Sci., 2003, 45(1), p 33–58.10.1016/S0010-938X(02)00072-0 ↗
68. A. Igual Muñoz, J. García Antón, J.L. Guiñón, and V. Pérez Herranz, The Effect of Chromate in the Corrosion Behavior of Duplex Stainless Steel in LiBr Solutions, Corros. Sci., 2006, 48(12), p 4127–4151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.corsci.2006.03.00910.1016/j.corsci.2006.03.009 ↗