journal article·2019-06

Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress for Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Considering Solid-State Phase Transformation

Lingda Xiong, Gaoyang Mi, Chunming Wang, Guoli Zhu, Xiang Xu, Ping Jiang

Publisher page

Abstract

In the present work, a thermal-metallurgical-mechanical model which considered the influence of phase transformation was used to predict the residual stress field of Ti-6Al-4V after laser welding. In this model, the Johnson–Mehl–Avrami equation was used to predict diffusional solid-state phase transformations: α phase to β phase during heating and β phase to α phase during cooling. The Koistinen–Marburger equation was used to predict diffusionless solid-state phase transformation of β phase to martensite during cooling. The properties of material were obtained using a mixing rule based on the phase fraction and the property of each pure phase. By applying this model, the effect of solid-state phase transformations of Ti-6Al-4V alloy on temperature field and stress field during laser welding was considered in the simulation. In addition, experiments were carried out for comparison, which significantly verified the accuracy of the applied model.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Welding Techniques and Residual Stresses · Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis · Surface Treatment and Residual Stress

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (27)

Show source-provided references
1. X.-L. Gao, L.-J. Zhang, J. Liu, and J.-X. Zhang, Effects of Weld Cross-Section Profiles and Microstructure on Properties of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Sheet, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2014, 72(5-8), p 895–90310.1007/s00170-014-5722-x ↗
2. J.E. Blackburn, C.M. Allen, P.A. Hilton, L. Li, M.I. Hoque, and A.H. Khan, Modulated Nd: YAG Laser Welding of Ti-6Al-4V, Sci. Technol. Weld. Joining, 2010, 15(5), p 433–43910.1179/136217110X12731414739718 ↗
3. Y. Wan, W. Jiang, J. Li, G. Sun, D.-K. Kim, W. Woo, and S.-T. Tu, Weld Residual Stresses in a Thick Plate Considering Back Chipping: Neutron Diffraction, Contour Method and Finite Element Simulation Study, Mater. Sci. Eng. a-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process, 2017, 699, p 62–7010.1016/j.msea.2017.05.079 ↗
4. L.Y. Xu, J. Zhu, H.Y. Jing, L. Zhao, X.Q. Lv, and Y.D. Han, Effects of Deep Cryogenic Treatment on the Residual Stress and Mechanical Properties of Electron-Beam-Welded Ti-6Al-4V Joints, Mater. Sci. Eng. a-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process., 2016, 673, p 503–51010.1016/j.msea.2016.07.101 ↗
5. W. Jiang, W. Woo, Y. Wan, Y. Luo, X. Xie, and S.T. Tu, Evaluation of Through-Thickness Residual Stresses by Neutron Diffraction and Finite-Element Method in Thick Weld Plates, J. Press. Vessel Technol. Trans. ASME, 2017, 139(3), p 03140110.1115/1.4034676 ↗
6. P. Xie, H.-Y. Zhao, B. Wu, and S.-L. Gong, Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding, Acta Metallurgica Sinica-English Lett., 2015, 28(7), p 922–93010.1007/s40195-015-0276-y ↗
7. C. Liu, J. Zhang, and J. Niu, Numerical and Experimental Analysis of Residual Stresses in Full-Penetration Laser Beam Welding of Ti6Al4V Alloy, Rare Metal Mater. Eng., 2009, 38(8), p 1317–132010.1016/S1875-5372(10)60066-5 ↗
8. S.K. Panda, M.L. Kuntz, and Y. Zhou, Finite Element Analysis of Effects of Soft Zones on Formability of Laser Welded Advanced High Strength Steels, Sci. Technol. Weld. Join., 2009, 14(1), p 52–6110.1179/136217108X343920 ↗
9. Y. Fan, W. Tian, Y. Guo, Z. Sun, J. Xu, Relationships among the Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Fatigue Behavior in Thin Ti6Al4V. Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng. 7278267, (2016)10.1155/2016/7278267 ↗
10. B. Mehdi, R. Badji, V. Ji, B. Allili, D. Bradai, F. Deschaux-Beaume, and F. Soulie, Microstructure and Residual Stresses in Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Pulsed and Unpulsed TIG Welds, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2016, 231, p 441–44810.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.01.018 ↗
11. C.J. Hamelin, O. Muransky, M.C. Smith, T.M. Holden, V. Luzin, P.J. Bendeich, and L. Edwards, Validation of a Numerical Model Used to Predict Phase Distribution and Residual Stress in Ferritic Steel Weldments, Acta Mater., 2014, 75, p 1–1910.1016/j.actamat.2014.04.045 ↗
12. S. Li, S. Ren, Y. Zhang, D. Deng, and H. Murakawa, Numerical Investigation of Formation Mechanism of Welding Residual Stress in P92 Steel Multi-Pass Joints, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2017, 244, p 240–25210.1016/j.jmatprotec.2017.01.033 ↗
13. W. Jiang, W. Chen, W. Woo, S.-T. Tu, X.-C. Zhang, and V. Em, Effects of Low-Temperature Transformation and Transformation-Induced Plasticity on Weld Residual Stresses: Numerical Study and Neutron Diffraction Measurement, Mater. Des., 2018, 147, p 65–7910.1016/j.matdes.2018.03.032 ↗
14. H. Wang, W. Woo, D.-K. Kim, V. Em, and S.Y. Lee, Effect of Chemical Dilution and the Number of Weld Layers on Residual Stresses in a Multi-Pass Low-Transformation-Temperature Weld, Mater. Des., 2018, 160, p 384–39410.1016/j.matdes.2018.09.016 ↗
15. S. Malinov, Z. Guo, W. Sha, and A. Wilson, Differential Scanning Calorimetry Study and Computer Modeling of Beta Double Right Arrow Alpha Phase Transformation in a Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, Metall. Mater. Trans. Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci., 2001, 32(4), p 879–88710.1007/s11661-001-0345-x ↗
16. W. Szkliniarz and G. Smołka, Analysis of Volume Effects of Phase Transformation in Titanium Alloys, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 1995, 53(1), p 413–42210.1016/0924-0136(95)01998-T ↗
17. T. Ahmed and H.J. Rack, Phase Transformations During Cooling in α + β Titanium Alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 1998, 243(1), p 206–21110.1016/S0921-5093(97)00802-2 ↗
18. J. Elmer, T. Palmer, S. Babu, W. Zhang, and T. DebRoy, Phase Transformation Dynamics During Welding of Ti-6Al-4V, J. Appl. Phys., 2004, 95(12), p 8327–833910.1063/1.1737476 ↗
19. G. Mi, Y. Wei, X. Zhan, C. Gu, and F. Yu, A Coupled Thermal and Metallurgical Model for Welding Simulation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2014, 214(11), p 2434–244310.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.05.011 ↗
20. Y. Fan, P. Cheng, Y.L. Yao, Z. Yang, and K. Egland, Effect of Phase Transformations on Laser Forming of Ti-6AI-4V Alloy, J. Appl. Phys., 2005, 98(1), p 01351810.1063/1.1944202 ↗
21. J.W. Elmer, T.A. Palmer, W. Zhang, B. Wood, and T. DebRoy, Kinetic Modeling of Phase Transformations Occurring in the HAZ of C-Mn Steel Welds Based on Direct Observations, Acta Mater., 2003, 51(12), p 3333–334910.1016/S1359-6454(03)00049-1 ↗
22. D. Deng and H. Murakawa, Influence of Transformation Induced Plasticity on Simulated Results of Welding Residual Stress in Low Temperature Transformation Steel, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2013, 78, p 55–6210.1016/j.commatsci.2013.05.023 ↗
23. S. Malinov, P. Markovsky, W. Sha, and Z. Guo, Resistivity Study and Computer Modelling of the Isothermal Transformation Kinetics of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo-0.08Si Alloys, J. Alloys Compd., 2001, 314(1–2), p 181–19210.1016/S0925-8388(00)01227-5 ↗
24. G. Mi, L. Xiong, C. Wang, X. Hu, and Y. Wei, A Thermal-Metallurgical-Mechanical Model for Laser Welding Q235 Steel, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2016, 238, p 39–4810.1016/j.jmatprotec.2016.07.002 ↗
25. X. Zhan, G. Mi, Q. Zhang, Y. Wei, and W. Ou, The Hourglass-Like Heat Source Model and Its Application for Laser Beam Welding of 6 mm Thickness 1060 Steel, Int. J. Adv. Manuf. Technol., 2017, 88(9-12), p 2537–254610.1007/s00170-016-8797-8 ↗
26. E. Akman, A. Demir, T. Canel, and T. Sinmazcelik, Laser Welding of Ti6Al4V Titanium Alloys, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2009, 209(8), p 3705–371310.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.08.026 ↗
27. X. Cao and M. Jahazi, Effect of Welding Speed on Butt Joint Quality of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded Using a High-Power Nd: YAG Laser, Opt. Lasers Eng., 2009, 47(11), p 1231–124110.1016/j.optlaseng.2009.05.010 ↗