Effect of Pre-intercritical Annealing Treatments on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.33% Carbon Dual-Phase Steel
Source abstract
Abstract
The present study is aimed at understanding the effect of different prior heat treatments on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 0.33% carbon dual-phase (DP) steel. For this purpose, different dual-phase steels were produced by subjecting the as-received steel to ‘hardening’ (DP-H), ‘hardening + tempering’ (DP-HT), and ‘austempering’ (DP-AT) treatments prior to the intercritical annealing treatment. The study reveals that the prior hardening treatment in DP-H steel results in significant refinement of ferrite grains and formation of fine elongated martensite plates having an aspect ratio = 6.1 ± 3. These fine elongated martensites are responsible for poor ductility in DP-H steel. Although DP steel without any prior treatment (DP-AR) and DP-AT steel exhibit high strength and hardness, their ductility is limited by the presence of very hard martensite islands which act as the failure initiation sites in these steels. On the other hand, prior ‘hardening + tempering’ treatment in DP-HT steel results in the formation of nearly spherical-shaped martensite (aspect ratio = 1.24 ± 0.13) along with coarse martensite laths. In addition, the presence of fine carbides is also found along the lath boundaries. These fine spherical martensites and fine carbides provide higher strain hardening to DP-HT steel. Accordingly, DP-HT steel exhibits adequate ductility as well as strength. Therefore, prior ‘hardening + tempering’ treatment was found to the best prior treatment in the present study.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels · Metal Alloys Wear and Properties · Metallurgy and Material Forming
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (33)
Show source-provided references
1. D. Das and P.P. Chattopadhyay, Influence of Martensite Morphology on the Work Hardening of High Strength Ferrite-Martensite Dual Phase Steel, J. Mater. Sci., 2009, 44, p 2957–296510.1007/s10853-009-3392-0 ↗
2. G.R. Speich, V.A. Demarest, and R.L. Miller, Formation of Austenite During Intercritical Annealing of Dual-Phase Steels, Metall. Trans. A, 1981, 12A, p 1419–142810.1007/BF02643686 ↗
3. H. Yu and Y. Kangb, Research on the Mechanism of Aging of Dual Phase Steel Produced by Continuous Annealing, Adv. Mater. Res., 2010, 97-101, p 556–55910.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.97-101.556 ↗
4. A. Bag, K.K. Ray, and E.S. Dwarakadasa, Influence of Martensite Content and Morphology on Tensile and Impact Properties of High Martensite Dual-Phase Steel, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, 30A, p 1193–120210.1007/s11661-999-0269-4 ↗
5. I.A. El-Sesy and Z.M. El-Baradie, Influence Carbon and/or Iron Carbide on the Structure and Properties of Dual-Phase Steels, Mater. Lett., 2002, 57, p 580–58510.1016/S0167-577X(02)00833-9 ↗
6. E. Erişir1, S. Gümüş, and O.G. Bilir, Microstructural Characterization of Medium Carbon Dual Phase Steels after Intermediate Quenching, 2013, Proc. Metal 2013 Conf., 15, Brno, Czech Republic, EU.
7. H. Saghafian and S. Kheirandish, Correlating Microstructural Features with Wear Resistance of Dual Phase Steel, Mater. Lett., 2007, 61, p 3059–306310.1016/j.matlet.2006.11.001 ↗
8. S. Oliver, T.B. Jones, and G. Fourlaris, Dual Phase Versus Trip Strip Steels: Microstructural Changes as a Consequence of Quasi-Static and Dynamic Tensile Testing, Mater. Charact., 2007, 58(4), p 390–40010.1016/j.matchar.2006.07.004 ↗
9. R.G. Davies, Influence of Martensite Composition Content on the Properties of Dual Phase Steels, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1978, 9, p 671–67910.1007/BF02659924 ↗
10. B. Demir and M. Erdogan, The Hardenability of Austenite with Different Alloy Content and Dispersion in Dual-Phase Steels, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2008, 208(1-3), p 75–8410.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.12.094 ↗
11. M. Erdogan and S. Tekeli, The Effect of Martensite Particle Size on Tensile Fracture of Surface Carburised AISI, 8620 Steel with Dual Phase Core Microstructure, Mater. Des., 2002, 23(7), p 597–60410.1016/S0261-3069(02)00065-1 ↗
12. A. Bayram, A. Uguz, and M. Ula, Effects of Microstructure and Notches on the Mechanical Properties of Dual-Phase Steel, Mater. Charact., 1999, 43(4), p 259–26910.1016/S1044-5803(99)00044-3 ↗
13. O.P. Modi, P. Pandit, D.P. Mondal, B.K. Prasad, A.H. Yegneswaran, and A. Chrsanthou, High-Stress Abrasive Wear Response of 0.2% Carbon Dual Phase Steel: Effects of Microstructural Features and Experimental Conditions, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2007, 458, p 303–31110.1016/j.msea.2006.12.083 ↗
14. D.A. Korzekwa, D.K. Matlock, and G. Krauss, Dislocation Substructure as a Function of Strain in a Dual-Phase Steel, Metall. Trans. A, 1984, 15(6), p 1221–122810.1007/BF02644716 ↗
15. P. Mohaved, S. Kolahgara, S.P.H. Marashia, M. Pouranvari, and N. Parvina, The Effect of Intercritical Heat Treatment Temperature on The Tensile Properties and Work Hardening Behavior of Ferrite-Martensite Dual Phase Steel Sheets, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2009, 518(1), p 1–6
16. R. Kuziak, R. Kawalla, and S. Waengler, Advanced High Strength Steels for Automotive Industry, Arch. Civil Mech. Eng., 2008, 8(2), p 104–117
17. R. Tyagi, S.K. Nath, and S. Ray, Effect of Martensite Content on Friction and Oxidative Wear Behavior of 0.42% Carbon Dual-Phase Steel, Metall. Mater. Transactions A, 2002, 33, p 3479–348810.1007/s11661-002-0335-7 ↗
18. R. Tyagi, S.K. Nath, and S. Ray, Development of Wear Resistant Medium Carbon Dual Phase Steels and Their Mechanical Properties, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2004, 20, p 645–65210.1179/026708304225012062 ↗
19. A.P. Modi, Effects of Microstructure and Experimental Parameters on High Stress Abrasive Wear Behaviour of a 0.19wt% C Dual-Phase Steel, Tribol. Int., 2007, 40, p 490–49710.1016/j.triboint.2006.04.013 ↗
20. R. Tyagi, S.K. Nathand, and S. Ray, Dry Sliding Friction and Wear in Plain Carbon Dual Phase Steel, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2001, 32A, p 359–36710.1007/s11661-001-0267-7 ↗
21. A. Fallahi, Microstructure-Properties Correlation of Dual Phase Steels Produced by Controlled Rolling Process, J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2002, 18(5), p 451–454
22. M. Erdogan, The Effect of New Ferrite Content on the Tensile Fracture Behaviour of Dual-Phase Steels, J. Mater. Sci., 2002, 37, p 3623–363010.1023/A:1016548922555 ↗
23. J. Lis, A.K. Lis, and C. Kolan, Processing and Properties of C-Mn Steel with Dual-Phase Microstructure, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2005, 162-163, p 350–35410.1016/j.jmatprotec.2005.02.105 ↗
24. V.A. Khotinov, S.V. Oshchukov, and V.M. Farber, Structure and Mechanical Properties of Medium-Carbon Steels after Heating in the Intercritical Temperature Range, Met. Sci. Heat Treat., 2012, 53, p 11–1210.1007/s11041-012-9430-6 ↗
25. H. Seyedrezai, A.K. Pilkey, and J.D. Boyd, Effect of Pre-IC Annealing Treatments on the Final Microstructure and Work Hardening Behaviour of a Dual-Phase Steel, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2014, 594, p 178–18810.1016/j.msea.2013.11.034 ↗
26. ASTM E8/E8M-9, 2009, Standard Test Methods for Tensile Testing of Metallic Materials, West Conshohocken, ASTM, PA, USA
27. M. Kaplan, C.H. Gür, and M. Erdogan, Characterization of Dual Phase Steels Using Magnetic Barkhausen Noise Technique, J. Nondestr. Eval., 2007, 26, p 79–8710.1007/s10921-007-0022-0 ↗
28. ASTM E112-10, 2010, Standard Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size, West Conshohocken, PA, USA, ASTM
29. S. Bhowmick, B.R. Ghatak, and B.K. Show, Effect of Prior Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 0.23% Carbon Dual Phase Steel, Int. Heat Treat. Surf. Eng., 2013, 7(2), p 85–9110.1179/1749514813Z.00000000055 ↗
30. S. Bhowmick and B.K. Show, Effect of Prior Heat Treatment on Wear Behaviour of 0.23% Carbon Dual Phase Steel, Can. Metall. Q., 2014, 53(1), p 93–9910.1179/1879139513Y.0000000106 ↗
31. J.M. Moyer and G.S. Ansell, The Volume Expansion Accompanying The Martensite Transformation in Iron-Carbon Alloys, Metall. Trans. A, 1975, 6A, p 1785–179110.1007/BF02642308 ↗
32. M.K. Manoj, V. Pancholi, and S.K. Nath, Mechanical Properties and Fracture Behavior of Medium Carbon Dual Phase Steels, Int. J. Res. Advent Technol., 2014, 2(4), p 243–249
33. G.E. Dieter, 1988, Mechanical Metallurgy McGraw-Hill Book Company (UK) Limited, ISBN-0-07-084187-X.