Effect of Normalizing Temperature on Fracture Characteristic of Tensile and Impact Tested Creep Strength-Enhanced Ferritic P92 Steel
Source abstract
Abstract
The high-temperature Cr-Mo creep strength-enhanced ferritic (CSEF) steels are mainly used in nuclear and thermal power plants. In the present investigation, a systematic study on fracture surface morphologies of tensile and impact tested specimens and mechanical properties of cast and forged (C&F) P92 steel was performed for various heat treatment conditions. The heat treatment was carried out in normalizing temperature range of 950-1150 °C and then tempered to a fixed tempering temperature of 760 °C. The effect of varying normalizing temperatures before and after tempering on microstructure evolution, tensile properties, Vicker’s hardness and Charpy toughness was studied. The normalizing temperature before and after tempering was having a noticeable effect on mechanical properties of as-received P92 steel. The fracture surface of impact and tensile tested samples was also studied for various normalizing temperatures with or without tempering. Fracture surface morphology was affected by the presence of secondary phase carbide particles. The fraction area of cleavage facets on the tensile fracture surface was found to be increased with an increase in the normalizing temperature. The fractured tensile specimens were characterized by transgranular ductile dimples, tear ridges and transgranular cleavage facets for various heat treatments. The fracture mode of impact tested samples was more complex. It showed both quasi-cleavage facets and ductile dimple tearing for various normalizing temperatures.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High Temperature Alloys and Creep · Nuclear Materials and Properties · Fusion materials and technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (26)
Show source-provided references
1. C. Pandey, N. Saini, M.M. Mahapatra, and P. Kumar, Hydrogen Induced Cold Cracking of Creep Resistant Ferritic P91 Steel for Different Diffusible Hydrogen Levels in Deposited Metal, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy, 2016, 41(39), p 17695–1771210.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.07.202 ↗
2. J. Blach, L. Falat, and P. Ševc, Fracture Characteristics of Thermally Exposed 9Cr-1Mo Steel After Tensile and Impact Testing at Room Temperature, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2009, 16, p 1397–1403. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.09.00310.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.09.003 ↗
3. T. Shrestha, S.F. Alsagabi, I. Charit, G.P. Potirniche, M.V. Glazoff, and H.F. Lopez, Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Hardness of Grade 91 Steel, Metals (Basel), 2015, 5, p 131–149. doi: 10.3390/met501013110.3390/met5010131 ↗
4. S.S.M. Tavares, J.M. Pardal, G.C. Souza, P.S.P. Garcia, E.S. Barbosa, C. Barbosa, and I. Cardote Filho, Study of Cracks in the Weld Metal Joint of p91 Steel of a Superheater Steam Pipe, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2015, 56, p 464–473. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.12.00110.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.12.001 ↗
5. T. Sakthivel, K. Laha, P. Parameswaran, S. Panneer Selvi, K.S. Chandravathi, and M.D. Mathew, Effect of Thermal Aging on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of P92 Steel, Trans. Indian Inst. Met., 2015, 68, p 411–421. doi: 10.1007/s12666-014-0480-x10.1007/s12666-014-0480-x ↗
6. C. Pandey, A. Giri, M.M. Mahapatra, and P. Kumar, Characterization of Microstructure of HAZs in As-Welded and Service Condition of P91 Pipe Weldments, Met. Mater. Int., 2017, 23, p 148–162. doi: 10.1007/s12540-017-6394-510.1007/s12540-017-6394-5 ↗
7. C. Pandey, M.M. Mahapatra, P. Kumar, and N. Saini, Effect of Normalization and Tempering on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of V-Groove and Narrow-Groove P91 Pipe Weldments, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2017, 685, p 39–49. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.12.07910.1016/j.msea.2016.12.079 ↗
8. C. Pandey and M.M. Mahapatra, Effect of Groove Design and Post-Weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of P91 Steel Weld, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25, p 2761–2775. doi: 10.1007/s11665-016-2127-z10.1007/s11665-016-2127-z ↗
9. Y. Mahajan and D.R. Peshwe, Failure Analysis of 9% Cr-Mo Steel Component, Int. J. Eng. Res. Appl., 2014, 4, p 44–47
10. G. Golanski and S. Mrozinski, Low Cycle Fatigue and Cyclic Softening Behaviour of Martensitic Cast Steel, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2013, 35, p 692–702. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.06.01910.1016/j.engfailanal.2013.06.019 ↗
11. D.R. Barbadikar, G.S. Deshmukh, L. Maddi, K. Laha, P. Parameswaran, A.R. Ballal, D.R. Peshwe, R.K. Paretkar, M. Nandagopal, and M.D. Mathew, Effect of Normalizing and Tempering Temperatures on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of P92 Steel, Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pip., 2015, 132–133, p 97–105. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpvp.2015.07.00110.1016/j.ijpvp.2015.07.001 ↗
12. C. Pandey and M.M. Mahapatra, Effect of Heat Treatment on Microstructure and Hot Impact Toughness of Various Zones of P91 Welded Pipes, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2016, 25, p 2195–2210. doi: 10.1007/s11665-016-2064-x10.1007/s11665-016-2064-x ↗
13. M. Ciesla and G. Junak, The Influence of Load History on Durability of P92 Steel Used for the Construction of Energy Pipelines, Arch. Metall. Mater., 2015, 60, p 1853–1857. doi: 10.1515/amm-2015-031610.1515/amm-2015-0316 ↗
14. L. Falat, V. Homolova, L. Ciripova, P. Sevc, and M. Svoboda, Ageing Effects on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Fracture Behaviour of 9Cr-1.5Mo-1Co-VNbBN Martensitic Steel Welded Joint for High Temperature Application, Adv. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2017, 2017, p 1–14. doi: 10.1155/2017/682438510.1155/2017/6824385 ↗
15. C. Pandey and M.M. Mahapatra, Effect of Long-term Ageing on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic P91 Steel, Trans. Indian Inst. Met., 2016, 69, p 1657–1673. doi: 10.1007/s12666-015-0826-z10.1007/s12666-015-0826-z ↗
16. S. Vaynman, M. E. Fine, and Y.W. Chung, Super Tough Steel for Bridges and Other Applications, 2009
17. C. Pandey, A. Giri, and M.M. Mahapatra, Evolution of Phases in P91 Steel in Various Heat Treatment Conditions and Their Effect on Microstructure Stability and Mechanical Properties, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2016, 664, p 58–74. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.03.13210.1016/j.msea.2016.03.132 ↗
18. L.H. Zhu, Q.X. Zhao, H.C. Gu, and Y.S. Lu, Application of Instrumented Impact Test for Studying Dynamic Fracture Property of 9Cr-1Mo-V-Nb-N Steel, Eng. Fract. Mech., 1999, 64, p 327–336. doi: 10.1016/S0013-7944(99)00063-610.1016/S0013-7944(99)00063-6 ↗
19. H. Okamura, R. Ohtani, K. Saito, K. Kimura, R. Ishii, K. Fujiyama, S. Hongo, T. Iseki, and H. Uchida, Basic Investigation for Life Assessment Technology of Modified 9Cr-1Mo Steel, Nucl. Eng. Des., 1999, 193, p 243–254. doi: 10.1016/S0029-5493(99)00181-810.1016/S0029-5493(99)00181-8 ↗
20. C. Pandey, N. Saini, M.M. Mahapatra, and P. Kumar, Study of the Fracture Surface Morphology of Impact and Tensile Tested Cast and Forged (C&F) Grade 91 Steel at Room Temperature for Different Heat Treatment Regimes, Eng. Fail. Anal., 2017, 71, p 131–147. doi: 10.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.06.01210.1016/j.engfailanal.2016.06.012 ↗
21. P.J. Ennis and A. Czyrska-Filemonowicz, Recent Advances in Creep-Resistant Steels for Power Plant Applications, Sadhana, 2003, 28, p 709–730. doi: 10.1007/BF0270645510.1007/BF02706455 ↗
22. K. Maruyama, K. Sawada, and J. Koike, Strengthening Mechanisms of Creep Resistant Tempered Martensitic Steel, ISIJ Int., 2001, 41, p 641–653. doi: 10.2355/isijinternational.41.64110.2355/isijinternational.41.641 ↗
23. Y.Z. Shen, S.H. Kim, C.H. Han, H.D. Cho, and W.S. Ryu, TEM Investigations of MN Nitride Phases in a 9% Chromium Ferritic/Martensitic Steel with Normalization Conditions for Nuclear Reactors, J. Nucl. Mater., 2009, 384, p 48–55. doi: 10.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.10.00510.1016/j.jnucmat.2008.10.005 ↗
24. C. Pandey, A. Giri, and M.M. Mahapatra, Effect of Normalizing Temperature on Microstructural Stability and Mechanical Properties of Creep Strength Enhanced Ferritic P91 Steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2016, 657, p 173–184. doi: 10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.06610.1016/j.msea.2016.01.066 ↗
25. Standard Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials, Astm std., 2009, p 1–27. doi: 10.1520/E000810.1520/E0008 ↗
26. Standard Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, 2017, p 1–49. doi: 10.1520/A0370-17.210.1520/A0370-17.2 ↗