Solid Particle Erosion Behaviors of Carbon-Fiber Epoxy Composite and Pure Titanium
Source abstract
Abstract
Rotor blades of Bell CH-146 Griffon helicopter experience excessive solid particle erosion at low altitudes in desert environment. The rotor blade is made of an advanced light-weight composite which, however, has a low resistance to solid particle erosion. Coatings have been developed and applied to protect the composite blade. However, due to the influence of coating process on composite material, the compatibility between coating and composite base, and the challenges of repairing damaged coatings as well as the inconsistency between the old and new coatings, replaceable thin metal shielding is an alternative approach; and titanium, due to its high-specific strength and better formability, is an ideal candidate. This work investigates solid particle erosion behaviors of carbon-fiber epoxy composite and titanium in order to assess the feasibility of titanium as a viable candidate for erosion shielding. Experiment results showed that carbon-fiber epoxy composite showed a brittle erosion behavior, whereas titanium showed a ductile erosion mode. The erosion rate on composite was 1.5 times of that on titanium at impingement angle 15° and increased to 5 times at impact angle 90°.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Erosion and Abrasive Machining · Particle Dynamics in Fluid Flows · Fluid Dynamics and Heat Transfer
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (29)
Show source-provided references
1. A. Patnaik, A. Satapathy, N. Chand, N.M. Barkoula, and S. Biswas, Solid Particle Erosion Wear Characteristics of Fiber and Particulate Filled Polymer Composites: A Review, Wear, 2010, 268, p 249–26310.1016/j.wear.2009.07.021 ↗
2. M. Clerico, Erosion of Polymers and Polymeric Composites, National Tribology Conference, Galaţi, Romania, September, 2003.
3. G.W. Stachowiak and A.W. Batchelor, Abrasive, Erosive, and Cavitation Wear. Engineering Tribology, 1st ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Boston, 2001, p 509–513
4. N.M. Barkoula and J.K. Kocsis, Review: Processes and Influencing Parameters of the Solid Particle Erosion of Polymers and Their Composites, J. Mater. Sci., 2002, 37, p 3807–382010.1023/A:1019633515481 ↗
5. G.W. Stachowiak and A.W. Batchelor, Engineering Tribology, Tribology Series 24, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1993, p 586
6. Bell 412, Canadian Forces Designation: CH-146 Griffon, Jane’s all the World’s Aircraft, April 2009.
7. Bell 412, Helicopter Design Data and Dimensions, PDF Brochure, Bell Helicopter.
8. N. Dalili, A. Edrisy, and R. Carriveau, A Review of Surface Engineering Issues Critical to Wind Turbine Performance, Renew. Sust. Energy Rev., 2009, 13, p 428–43810.1016/j.rser.2007.11.009 ↗
9. F. Cai, X. Huang, Q. Yang, and D. Nagy, Tribological Behavious of Titanium Nitride and Chromium Nitride Based PVD Coating Systems, J. Eng. Gas Turb. Power, 2012, 5, p 41–49
10. S. Biswas, A. Satapathy, and A. Patnaik, Erosion Wear Behaviour of Polymer Composites: A Review, J. Reinf. Plast. Compos., 2010, 29, p 2898–292410.1177/0731684408097786 ↗
11. D. Verma, P.C. Gope, M.K. Maheshwari, and R.K. Sharma, Bagasse Fiber Composites-A Review, J. Mater. Environ. Sci., 2012, 3(6), p 1079–1092
12. K. Tusda, M. Kubouchi, T. Sakai, A.H. Saputra, and N. Mitomo, General Method for Predicting the Sand Erosion Rate of GFRP, Wear, 2006, 260, p 1045–105210.1016/j.wear.2005.07.018 ↗
13. T.J. Ahmed, G.F. Nino, H.E.N. Bersee, and A. Beukers, Improving Erosion Resistance of Polymer Reinforced Composites, J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater., 2009, 22, p 703–72510.1177/0892705709105970 ↗
14. A.P. Harsha and S.K. Jha, Erosive Wear Studies of Epoxy-Based Composites at Normal Incidence, Wear, 2008, 265, p 1129–113510.1016/j.wear.2008.03.003 ↗
15. N.M. Barkoula, G.C. Papanicolaou, and J. Karger-Kocsis, Prediction of The Residual Strengths of Carbon-Fiber/Epoxy Laminates With and Without Interleaves After Solid Particle Erosion, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2002, 62, p 121–13010.1016/S0266-3538(01)00189-0 ↗
16. S. Matthews, B. James, and M. Hyland, High Temperature Erosion of Cr3C2-NiCr Thermal Spray Coatings—The Role of Phase Microstructure, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2009, 203, p 1144–115310.1016/j.surfcoat.2008.10.008 ↗
17. M.J. Tobar, J.M. Amado, C. Álvarez, A. García, A. Varela, and A. Yáñez, Characteristics of Tribaloy T-800 and T-900 Coatings on Steel Substrates by Laser Cladding, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202, p 2297–230110.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.11.025 ↗
18. A.V. Ryzhenkov, G.V. Kachalin, A.F. Mednikov, and A.B. Tkhabisimov, The Investigation of Construction Materials and Protective Coatings Wear Resistance to Solid Particle Erosion, Mod. Appl. Sci., 2015, 9(4), p 85–9510.5539/mas.v9n4p319 ↗
19. M. Mahendran, S. Pant, P.V. Straznicky, and J. Laliberte, Feasibility Study of Closed Cavity Bag Moulding for Novel Mouldless Manufacturing of Carbon Epoxy Composites, CASI, AERO’09 Conference, Kanata, Ontario, 2009
20. C. Xia, S.Q. Shi, L. Cai, and J. Hua, Property Enhancement of Kenaf Fiber Composites by Means of Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding (VARTM), Holzforschung, 2015, 69(3), p 307–31210.1515/hf-2014-0054 ↗
21. Y. Kang, S. Oh, and J.S. Park, Properties of UHMWPE Fabric Reinforced Epoxy Composite Prepared by Vacuum-Assisted Resin Transfer Molding, Fibers Polym., 2015, 16(6), p 1343–134810.1007/s12221-015-1343-8 ↗
22. “Test Method for Conducting Erosion Tests by Solid Particle Impingement Using Gas Jet”, ASTM G76-05, American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, 2005, p 310-315.
23. M. Haldankar and S. Malipatil, Experimental and FEA of Particle Impact Erosion for Polymer Composites, Sixth IRAJ International Conference, Pune, India, October 2013.
24. V. Dragan and D. Grad, A New Solid Particle Erosion Model for Oriented Fiber Composite Materials, INCAS Bull., 2014, 6(1), p 37–4310.13111/2066-8201.2014.6.1.4 ↗
25. M.M. Stack, E.H. Stott, and G.C. Wood, The Significance of Velocity Exponents in Identifying Erosion-Corrosion Mechanisms, J. Phys. IV, 1993, 3(C9), p 687–694
26. K. Bose and R.J.K. Wood, High Velocity Solid Particle Erosion Behaviour of CVD Boron Carbide on Tungsten Carbide, Wear, 2005, 258(1–4), p 366–37610.1016/j.wear.2004.06.005 ↗
27. M. Parsi, K. Najmi, F. Najafifard, S. Hassani, B.S. McLaury, and S.A. Shirazia, A Comprehensive Review of Solid Particle Erosion Modeling for Oil and Gas Wells and Pipelines Applications, J. Nat. Gas Sci. Eng., 2014, 21, p 850–87310.1016/j.jngse.2014.10.001 ↗
28. K.V. Pool, C.K.H. Dharan, and I. Finnie, Erosive Wear of Composite Materials, Wear, 1986, 107, p 1–1210.1016/0043-1648(86)90043-8 ↗
29. M. Roy, B. Vishwanathan, and G. Sundararajan, The Solid Particle Erosion of Polymer Matrix Composites, Wear, 1994, 171, p 149–16110.1016/0043-1648(94)90358-1 ↗