Effects of Pre-stretching and Aging Treatments on Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Corrosion Behavior of Spray-Formed Al-Li Alloy 2195
Source abstract
Abstract
In this study, different pre-stretching and aging processes were applied to spray-formed Al-Cu-Li alloy 2195. The effects of different processes on the microstructures, mechanical properties, and corrosion behaviors of the alloy were examined. The strengthening and corrosion mechanisms were investigated. The samples treated with pre-stretching and aging have higher strength than the only aged samples. However, the strength is not significantly improved with the increase in the amount of pre-stretching. The pre-stretching treatment can suppress the formations of grain boundary precipitates (GBPs) and precipitate-free zones (PFZ), and the intergranular corrosion (IGC) sensitivity of the alloy is therefore reduced. The increase in pre-stretching promotes massive precipitation of the T1 phase, which leads to the negative shift of open-circuit potential. The over-aging treatment after pre-stretching leads to the growth of the PFZ and GBPs as well as the coarsening of the T1 phase. These changes in microstructure cause a decrease in mechanical properties and the re-sensitivity to the IGC. Under the same pre-stretching deformation, the two-step aging treatment (110 °C/12 h + 160 °C/24 h) can result in more intensive precipitation of the T1 phase, which enhanced the strength to a higher level. Meanwhile, the two-step aged alloy was immune to the IGC. The evolution mechanism of IGC for the alloy with different pre-stretching and aging processes was proposed based on the TEM characterization and the observation of IGC morphology.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties · Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties · Magnesium Alloys: Properties and Applications
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (40)
Show source-provided references
1. R.J. Rioja and J. Liu, The Evolution of Al-Li Base Products for Aerospace and Space Applications, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2012, 43(9), p 3325–333710.1007/s11661-012-1155-z ↗
2. J.C. Williams and J.A. Starke, Progress in Structural Materials for Aerospace Systems, Acta Mater., 2003, 51(19), p 5775–579910.1016/j.actamat.2003.08.023 ↗
3. E.A. Starke, Jr, and J.T. Staley, Application of Modern Aluminum Alloys to Aircraft, Prog. Aerosp. Sci., 1996, 32(2-3), p 131–17210.1016/0376-0421(95)00004-6 ↗
4. N.E. Prasad, A.A. Gokhale, and R.J.H. Wanhill, Aluminum-Lithium Alloys: Processing, Properties, and Applications, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 2013
5. T. Warner, Recently-Developed Aluminium Solutions for Aerospace Applications, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2006, 519, p 1271–127810.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.519-521.1271 ↗
6. J.H. Kim, J.H. Jeun, H.J. Chun, Y.R. Lee, J.T. Yoo, J.H. Yoon, and H.S. Lee, Effect of Precipitates on Mechanical Properties of AA2195, J. Alloy. Compd., 2016, 669, p 187–19810.1016/j.jallcom.2016.01.229 ↗
7. W.A. Cassada, G.J. Shiflet, and E.A. Starke, The Effect of Plastic Deformation on Al2CuLi (T1) Precipitation, Metallurg. Trans. A, 1991, 22(2), p 299–30610.1007/BF02656799 ↗
8. B.M. Gable, A.W. Zhu, A.A. Csontos, and E.A. Starke, The Role of Plastic Deformation on the Competitive Microstructural Evolution and Mechanical Properties of a Novel Al-Li-Cu-X Alloy, J. Light Met., 2001, 1(1), p 1–1410.1016/S1471-5317(00)00002-X ↗
9. Y.X. Wang, G.Q. Zhao, X. Xu, X.X. Chen, and W.D. Zhang, Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Spray Deposited 2195 Al-Cu-Li Alloy through Thermo-mechanical Processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct., 2018, 727, p 78–8910.1016/j.msea.2018.04.116 ↗
10. B.I. Rodgers and P.B. Prangnell, Quantification of the Influence of Increased Pre-stretching on Microstructure-Strength Relationships in the Al-Cu-Li Alloy AA2195, Acta Mater., 2016, 108, p 55–6710.1016/j.actamat.2016.02.017 ↗
11. R.J. Rioja, E.L. Colvin, A.K. Vasudevan, and B.A. Cheney. Aluminum Alloy Two-Step Ageing Method and Article, U.S. Patent No. 4861391, 1989.
12. M. Romios, R. Tiraschi, C. Parrish, H.W. Babel, J.R. Ogren, and O.S. Es-Said, Design of Multistep Ageing Treatments of 2099 (C458) Al-Li Alloy, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2005, 14(5), p 641–64610.1361/105994905X64594 ↗
13. P.S. Chen, A.K. Kuruvilla, T.W. Malone, and W.P. Stanton, The Effects of Artificial Ageing on the Microstructure and Fracture Toughness of Al-Cu-Li Alloy 2195, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 1998, 7(5), p 682–69010.1361/105994998770347576 ↗
14. P.S. Chen and W.P. Stanton, Artificial Effects on Cryogenic Fracture Toughness of the Main Structural Alloy for the Super Light-Weight Tank, MRS Online Proc. Libr. Arch., 1998, 551, p 285–29010.1557/PROC-551-285 ↗
15. T. Dorin, F. de Geuser, W. Lefebvre, C. Siglib, and A. Deschampset, Strengthening Mechanisms of T1 Precipitates and Their Influence on the Plasticity of an Al-Cu-Li Alloy, Mater. Sci. Eng. A Struct., 2014, 605, p 119–12610.1016/j.msea.2014.03.024 ↗
16. Y. Ma, X. Zhou, Y. Liao, Y. Yi, H. Wu, Z. Wang, and W. Huang, Localised Corrosion in AA2099-T83 Aluminium-Lithium Alloy: the Role of Grain Orientation, Corros. Sci., 2016, 107, p 41–4810.1016/j.corsci.2016.02.018 ↗
17. Y. Lin, C. Lu, C. Wei, and Z. Zheng, Effect of Ageing Treatment on Microstructures, Tensile Properties and Intergranular Corrosion Behavior of Al-Cu-Li Alloy, Mater. Charact., 2018, 141, p 163–16810.1016/j.matchar.2018.04.043 ↗
18. R.G. Buchheit, J.P. Moran, and G.E. Stoner, Electrochemical Behavior of the T1 (Al2CuLi) Intermetallic Compound and Its Role in Localized Corrosion of Al-2% Li-3% Cu Alloys, Corrosion, 1994, 50(2), p 120–13010.5006/1.3293500 ↗
19. J.L. Huang, J.F. Li, D.Y. Liu, R.F. Zhang, Y.L. Chen, X.H. Zhang, P.C. Ma, R.K. Gupta, and N. Birbilis, Correlation of Intergranular Corrosion Behaviour with Microstructure in Al-Cu-Li Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2018, 139, p 215–22610.1016/j.corsci.2018.05.011 ↗
20. W. Yang, S. Ji, Q. Zhang, and M. Wang, Investigation of Mechanical and Corrosion Properties of an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloy under Various Ageing Conditions and Interface Analysis of η′ Precipitate, Mater. Des., 2015, 85, p 752–76110.1016/j.matdes.2015.06.183 ↗
21. A. Garner and D. Tromans, Direct Observation of Intergranular Corrosion in Al-4wt% Cu Alloy, Corrosion, 1979, 35(2), p 55–6010.5006/0010-9312-35.2.55 ↗
22. J.G. Rinker, M. Marek, and T.H. Sanders, Microstructure, Toughness and Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Aluminum Alloy 2020, Mater. Sci. Eng., 1984, 64(2), p 203–22110.1016/0025-5416(84)90104-6 ↗
23. U. Donatus, M. Terada, C.R. Ospina, F.M. Queiroz, A.F.S. Bugarin, and I. Costa, On the AA2198-T851 Alloy Microstructure and Its Correlation with Localized Corrosion Behaviour, Corros. Sci., 2018, 131, p 300–30910.1016/j.corsci.2017.12.001 ↗
24. J.F. Li, C.X. Li, Z.W. Peng, W.J. Chen, and Z.Q. Zheng, Corrosion Mechanism Associated with T1 and T2 Precipitates of Al-Cu-Li Alloys in Nacl Solution, J. Alloy. Compd., 2008, 460(1-2), p 688–69310.1016/j.jallcom.2007.06.072 ↗
25. J.F. Li, Z.Q. Zheng, S.C. Li, W.J. Chen, W.D. Ren, and X.S. Zhao, Simulation Study on Function Mechanism of Some Precipitates in Localized Corrosion of Al Alloys, Corros. Sci., 2007, 49(6), p 2436–244910.1016/j.corsci.2006.12.002 ↗
26. V. Proton, J. Alexis, E. Andrieu, J. Delfosse, A. Deschamps, D.G. Frédéric, M.C. Lafonta, and C. Blanc, The Influence of Artificial Ageing on The Corrosion Behaviour of a 2050 Aluminium-Copper-Lithium Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2014, 80, p 494–50210.1016/j.corsci.2013.11.060 ↗
27. Y. Ma, X. Zhou, W. Huang, Y. Liao, X. Chen, X. Zhang, and G.E. Thompson, Crystallographic Defects Induced Localised Corrosion in AA2099-T8 Aluminium Alloy, Corros. Eng. Sci. Techn., 2015, 50(6), p 420–42410.1179/1743278214Y.0000000237 ↗
28. X. Zhang, X. Zhou, T. Hashimoto, J. Lindsay, O. Ciuca, C. Luo, Z. Sun, X. Zhang, and Z. Tang, The Influence of Grain Structure on the Corrosion Behaviour of 2A97-T3 Al-Cu-Li Alloy, Corros. Sci., 2017, 116, p 14–2110.1016/j.corsci.2016.12.005 ↗
29. M.M. Sharma, M.F. Amateau, and T.J. Eden, Mesoscopic Structure Control of Spray Formed High Strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu Alloys, Acta Mater., 2005, 53(10), p 2919–292410.1016/j.actamat.2005.03.007 ↗
30. H. Jiang and R.G. Faulkner, Modelling of Grain Boundary Segregation, Precipitation and Precipitate-Free Zones of High Strength Aluminium Alloys-I, The Model, Acta Mater., 1996, 44(5), p 1857–186410.1016/1359-6454(95)00317-7 ↗
31. K.C. Russell, Grain Boundary Nucleation Kinetics, Acta Metall., 1969, 17(8), p 1123–113110.1016/0001-6160(69)90057-1 ↗
32. T. Dorin, A. Deschamps, F.D. Geuser, and C. Sigli, Quantification and Modelling of the Microstructure/Strength Relationship by Tailoring the Morphological Parameters of the T1 Phase in an Al-Cu-Li Alloy, Acta Mater., 2014, 75, p 134–14610.1016/j.actamat.2014.04.046 ↗
33. J.F. Nie and B.C. Muddle, Microstructural Design of High-Strength Aluminum Alloys, J. Phase Equilib., 1998, 19(6), p 543–55110.1361/105497198770341734 ↗
34. H.R. Shercliff and M.F. Ashby, A Process Model for Age Hardening of Aluminium Alloys-I, the model, Acta Metall. Mater., 1990, 38(10), p 1789–180210.1016/0956-7151(90)90291-N ↗
35. J. Xu, Y. Deng, J. Chen, and X. Gao, Effect of Ageing Treatments on the Precipitation Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Li Alloys, Mater. Sci. Eng. A Struct., 2020, 773, p 13888510.1016/j.msea.2019.138885 ↗
36. C. Kumai, J. Kusinski, G. Thomas, and T.M. Devine, Influence of Ageing at 200 C on the Corrosion Resistance of Al-Li and Al-Li-Cu Alloys, Corrosion, 1989, 45(4), p 294–30410.5006/1.3577857 ↗
37. Q. Liu, R.H. Zhu, D.Y. Liu, Y. Xu, J.F. Li, Y.L. Chen, X.H. Zhang, and Z.Q. Zheng, Correlation between Artificial Ageing and Intergranular Corrosion Sensitivity of a New Al-Cu-Li Alloy Sheet, Mater. Corros., 2017, 68(1), p 65–7610.1002/maco.201609090 ↗
38. Y. Yan, L. Peguet, O. Gharbi, A. Deschamps, C.R. Hutchinson, S.K. Kairy, and N. Birbilis, On the Corrosion, Electrochemistry and Microstructure of Al-Cu-Li Alloy AA2050 as a Function of Ageing, Materialia, 2018, 1, p 25–3610.1016/j.mtla.2018.05.003 ↗
39. B.J. Connolly and J.R. Scully, Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility in Al-Li-Cu Alloys 2090 and 2096 as a Function of Isothermal Ageing Time, Scripta Mater., 2000, 42(11), p 1039–104510.1016/S1359-6462(00)00333-X ↗
40. G.K. Williamson and R.E. Smallman, III, Dislocation Densities in Some Annealed and Cold-Worked Metals from Measurements on the X-ray Debye-Scherrer Spectrum, Philos. Mag., 1956, 1(1), p 34–4610.1080/14786435608238074 ↗