Friction Stir Processing of Al-TiB2 In Situ Composite: Effect on Particle Distribution, Microstructure and Properties
Source abstract
Abstract
Aluminum-based in situ composites suffer from the age-old issue of particle segregation along the grain boundaries after casting. In the present study, friction stir processing (FSP) was employed as a secondary process to improve the distribution of in situ formed TiB2 particles in Al-based composite. All the agglomerates of TiB2 were broken, and uniform distribution of particles was achieved after double-pass FSP. Also, FSP removed the casting defects and caused significant grain refinement of the Al matrix. The microstructure was characterized by equiaxed fine grains with average size of 3 µm and narrow grain size distribution. The microstructural refinements and homogenization after FSP not only enhanced the strength but also improved the ductility of the as-cast composite.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aluminum Alloys Composites Properties · Advanced Welding Techniques Analysis · Aluminum Alloy Microstructure Properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (40)
Show source-provided references
1. T.W. Clyne and P.J. Withers, An Introduction to Metal Matrix Composites, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 199310.1017/CBO9780511623080 ↗
2. L. Lu, M.O. Lai, and F.L. Chen, Al-4 wt% Cu Composite Reinforced with In Situ TiB2 Particles, Acta Mater., 1997, 45, p 4297–430910.1016/S1359-6454(97)00075-X ↗
3. Z.Y. Chen, Y.Y. Chen, Q. Shu, G.Y. An, D. Li, D.S. Xu, and Y.Y. Liu, Solidification and Interfacial Structure of In Situ Al-4.5Cu/TiB2 Composite, J. Mater. Sci., 2000, 35, p 5605–560810.1023/A:1004869400097 ↗
4. S.C. Tjong and Z.Y. Ma, Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics of In Situ Metal Matrix Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. R, 2009, 29, p 49–11310.1016/S0927-796X(00)00024-3 ↗
5. J. Fjellstedt and A.E.W. Jarfors, On the Precipitation of TiB2 in Aluminium Melts from the Reaction with KBF4 and K2TiF6, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2005, 413–414, p 527–53210.1016/j.msea.2005.09.054 ↗
6. M. Emamy, M. Mahta, and J. Rasizadeh, Formation of TiB2 Particles During Dissolution of Al3Ti in Al-TiB2 Metal Matrix Composite Using an In Situ Technique, Compos. Sci. Technol., 2006, 66, p 1063–106610.1016/j.compscitech.2005.04.016 ↗
7. M.A. Herbert, C. Sarkar, R. Mitra, and M. Chakraborty, Microstructural Evaluation, Hardness and Alligatoring in the Mushy State Rolled Cast Al-4.5Cu Alloy and In Situ Al-4.5Cu-5TiB2 Composite, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2007, 38, p 2110–212610.1007/s11661-007-9264-9 ↗
8. K.L. Tee, L. Lu, and M.O. Lai, Synthesis of In Situ Al-TiB2 Composites Using Stir Cast Route, Compos. Struct., 1999, 47, p 589–59310.1016/S0263-8223(00)00030-1 ↗
9. K.R. Ravi, M. Saravanan, R.M. Pillai, A. Mandal, B.S. Murty, M. Chakraborty, and B.C. Pai, Equal Channel Angular Pressing of Al-5wt% TiB2 In Situ Composite, J. Alloys Compd., 2008, 459, p 239–24310.1016/j.jallcom.2007.05.025 ↗
10. S. Kumar, V.S. Sarma, and B.S. Murty, The Influence of Room Temperature and Cryogenic Temperature Rolling on the Aging and Wear Behaviour of Al-4Cu-5TiB2 In Situ Composites, J. Alloys Compd., 2009, 479, p 268–27310.1016/j.jallcom.2008.12.153 ↗
11. R.S. Mishra, M.W. Mahoney, S.X. McFadden, N.A. Mara, and A.K. Mukherjee, High Strain Rate Superplasticity in a Friction Stir Processed 7075 Al Alloy, Scripta Mater., 1999, 42, p 163–16810.1016/S1359-6462(99)00329-2 ↗
12. R.S. Mishra and Z.Y. Ma, Friction Stir Welding and Processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. R, 2005, 50, p 1–7810.1016/j.mser.2005.07.001 ↗
13. Z.Y. Ma, Friction Stir Processing Technology: A Review, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 2008, 39, p 642–65810.1007/s11661-007-9459-0 ↗
14. R.S. Mishra, Z.Y. Ma, and I. Charit, Friction Stir Processing: A Novel Technique for Fabrication of Surface Composite, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003, 341, p 307–31010.1016/S0921-5093(02)00199-5 ↗
15. W. Wang, Q.Y. Shi, P. Liu, H.K. Li, and T. Li, A Novel Way to Produce SiCp Reinforced Aluminium Metal Matrix Composites by Friction Stir Processing, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2009, 209, p 2099–210310.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.05.001 ↗
16. A.S. Zarghani, S.F.K. Bozorg, and A.Z. Hanzaki, Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Al/Al2O3 Surface Nano-composite Layer Produced by Friction Stir Processing, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2009, 500, p 84–9110.1016/j.msea.2008.09.064 ↗
17. D. Yadav and R. Bauri, Nickel Particle Embedded Aluminium Matrix Composite with High Ductility, Mater. Lett., 2010, 64, p 664–66710.1016/j.matlet.2009.12.030 ↗
18. R. Bauri, D. Yadav, C.N.S. Kumar, and B. Balaji, Tungsten Particle Reinforced Al 5083 Composite with High Strength and Ductility, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2015, 620, p 67–7510.1016/j.msea.2014.09.108 ↗
19. C.J. Hsu, C.Y. Chang, P.W. Kao, N.J. Ho, and C.P. Chang, Al-Al3Ti Nanocomposites Produced In Situ by Friction Stir Processing, Acta Mater., 2006, 54, p 5241–524910.1016/j.actamat.2006.06.054 ↗
20. R. Bauri, D. Yadav, and G. Suhas, Effect of Friction Stir Processing (FSP) on Microstructure and Properties of Al-TiC In Situ Composite, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2011, 528, p 4732–473910.1016/j.msea.2011.02.085 ↗
21. D. Zhao, X. Liu, Y. Liu, and X. Bian, In-Situ Preparation of Al Matrix Composites Reinforced by TiB2 Particles and Sub-micron ZrB2, J. Mater. Sci., 2005, 40, p 4365–436810.1007/s10853-005-0796-3 ↗
22. Y.M. Youssef, R.J. Dashwood, and P.D. Lee, Effect of Clustering on Particle Pushing and Solidification Behaviour in TiB2 Reinforced Aluminium PMMCs, Composites A, 2005, 36, p 747–76310.1016/j.compositesa.2004.10.027 ↗
23. C. Wang, M. Wang, B. Yu, D. Chen, P. Qin, M. Feng, and Q. Dai, The Grain Refinement Behaviour of TiB2 Particles Prepared with In Situ Technology, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2007, 459, p 238–24310.1016/j.msea.2007.01.013 ↗
24. P. Schumacher, A.L. Greer, J. Worth, P.V. Evans, M.A. Kearns, P. Fisher, and A.H. Green, New Studies of Nucleation Mechanisms in Aluminium Alloys: Implications for Grain Refinement Practice, Mater. Sci. Technol., 1998, 14, p 394–40410.1179/mst.1998.14.5.394 ↗
25. I.G. Watson, M.F. Forster, P.D. Lee, R.J. Dashwood, R.W. Hamilton, and A. Chirazi, Investigation of the Clustering Behaviour of Titanium Diboride Particles in Aluminium, Composites A, 2005, 36, p 1177–118710.1016/j.compositesa.2005.02.003 ↗
26. C.I. Chang, C.J. Lee, and J.C. Huang, Relationship Between Grain Size and Zener-Holloman Parameter During Friction Stir Processing in AZ31Mg Alloys, Scripta Mater., 2004, 51, p 509–51410.1016/j.scriptamat.2004.05.043 ↗
27. M. Easton and D. StJohn, Grain Refinement of Aluminium Alloys: Part II. Confirmation of, and a Mechanism for, the Solute Paradigm, Metall. Mater. Trans. A, 1999, 30, p 1625–163310.1007/s11661-999-0099-4 ↗
28. U. Chakkkingal, A.B. Suriadi, and P.F. Thomson, The Development of Microstructure and the Influence of Processing Route During Equal Channel Angular Drawing of Pure Aluminium, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 1999, 266, p 241–24910.1016/S0921-5093(98)01129-0 ↗
29. F.J. Humphreys and H. Hatherly, Recrystallization and Related Annealing Phenomena, 2nd ed., Elsevier, Oxford, 2004, p 421
30. D. Yadav and R. Bauri, Microstructure Development in Single and Double Pass Friction Stir Processing of Aluminium, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2013, 753, p 50–5310.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.753.50 ↗
31. D. Yadav and R. Bauri, Effect of Friction Stir Processing on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Aluminium, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2012, 539, p 85–9210.1016/j.msea.2012.01.055 ↗
32. K.L. Tee, L. Lu, and M.O. Lai, In Situ Processing of Al-TiB2 Composite by the Stir-Casting Technique, J. Mater. Proc. Technol., 1999, 89–90, p 513–519
33. J. Singh, S.K. Goel, V.N.S. Mathur, and M.L. Kapoor, Elevated Temperature Tensile Properties of Squeeze Cast Al-Al2O3-MgO Particulate MMC up to 573 K, J. Mater. Sci., 1991, 26, p 2750–275810.1007/BF02387746 ↗
34. A.R.E. Singer and S. Ozbek, Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Spray Codeposition, Powder Met., 1985, 28, p 72–7810.1179/pom.1985.28.2.72 ↗
35. J.V. Wood, P. Davies, and J.L.F. Kellie, Properties of Reactively Cast Aluminium TiB2 Alloys, Mater. Sci. Technol., 1993, 9, p 833–84010.1179/mst.1993.9.10.833 ↗
36. M. Wang, D. Chen, Z. Chen, Y. Wu, F. Wang, and N. Ma, Mechanical Properties of In Situ TiB2 Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2014, 590, p 246–25410.1016/j.msea.2013.10.021 ↗
37. S.J. Hong, H.M. Kim, D. Huh, C. Suryanaranarayana, and B.S. Chun, Effect of Clustering on Mechanical Properties of SiC Particulate-Reinforced Aluminium Alloy 2024 Metal Matrix Composites, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2003, 347, p 198–20410.1016/S0921-5093(02)00593-2 ↗
38. E. Orowan, Symposium on Internal Stresses in Metals and Alloys, Institute of Metals, London, 1948, p 451
39. E.O. Hall, The Deformation and Ageing of Mild Steel: III, Discussion of Results, Proc. Phys. Soc. London, 1954, 64, p 747–75310.1088/0370-1301/64/9/303 ↗
40. Y. Li and K.T. Ramesh, Influence of Particle Volume Fraction, Shape and Aspect Ratio on the Behavior of Particle-Reinforced Metal-Matrix Composites at High Rates of Strain, Acta Mater., 1998, 46, p 5633–564610.1016/S1359-6454(98)00250-X ↗