Prediction of Forming Limit Diagrams for 22MnB5 in Hot Stamping Process
Source abstract
Abstract
Hot stamping of ultra-high strength steels possesses many superior characteristics over conventional room temperature forming process and is fairly attractive in improving strength and reducing weight of vehicle body product. However, the mechanical and failure behavior of hot stamping boron steel 22MnB5 are both strongly affected by strain hardening, temperature, strain rate, and microstructure. In this paper, the material yield and flow behavior of 22MnB5 within the temperature and strain rate range of hot stamping are described by an advanced anisotropic yield criterion combined with two different hardening laws. The elevated temperature forming limit diagram (ET-FLD) is constructed using the M-K theoretical analysis. The developed model was validated by comparing our predicted result with experimental data in the literature under isothermal conditions. Based on the verified model, the influence of temperature and strain rate on the forming limit curve for 22MnB5 steel under equilibrium isothermal condition are discussed. Furthermore, the transient forming limit diagram is developed by performing a transient forming process simulation under non-isothermal transient condition.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Metal Forming Simulation Techniques · Metallurgy and Material Forming · Microstructure and mechanical properties
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (32)
Show source-provided references
1. H. Karbasian and A.E. Tekkaya, A Review on Hot Stamping, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2010, 210, p 2103–211810.1016/j.jmatprotec.2010.07.019 ↗
2. D. Pellegrini, J. Lechler, A. Ghiotti, S. Bruschi, and M. Merklein, Interlaboratory Comparison of Forming Limit Curves for Hot Stamping of High Strength Steels, Key Eng. Mater., 2009, 410, p 297–30410.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.410-411.297 ↗
3. S.P. Keeler and W.A. Backofen, Plastic Instability and Fracture in Sheets Stretched Over Rigid Punches, ASM Trans. Q., 1963, 56(1), p 25–48
4. G. Goodwin, Application of Strain Analysis to Sheet Metal Forming Problems in the Press Shop, SAE Paper, 680093, 196810.4271/680093 ↗
5. Z. Marciniak and K. Kuczynski, Limit Strains in the Processes of Stretch-Forming Sheet Metal, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1967, 9, p 609–62010.1016/0020-7403(67)90066-5 ↗
6. T.B. Stoughton and X. Zhu, Review of Theoretical Models of the Strain-Based FLD and Their Relevance to the Stress-Based FLD, Int. J. Plast, 2004, 20(8–9), p 1463–148610.1016/j.ijplas.2003.11.004 ↗
7. M.C. Butuc, J.J. Gracio, and A. Barata da Rocha, A Theoretical Study on Forming Limit Diagrams Prediction, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2003, 142(3), p 714–72410.1016/S0924-0136(03)00813-6 ↗
8. D. Banabic, S. Comsa, P. Jurco, G. Cosovici, L. Paraianu, and D. Julean, FLD Theoretical Model Using a New Anisotropic Yield Criterion, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2004, 157–158, p 23–2710.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.09.015 ↗
9. M. Ganjiani and A. Assempour, An Improved Analytical Approach for Determination of Forming Limit Diagrams Considering the Effects of Yield Functions, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2007, 182(1–3), p 598–60710.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.09.025 ↗
10. S. Ahmadi, A. Eivani, and A. Akbarzadeh, An Experimental and Theoretical Study on the Prediction of Forming Limit Diagrams Using New BBC Yield Criteria and MK Analysis, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2009, 44(4), p 1272–128010.1016/j.commatsci.2008.08.013 ↗
11. M. Kröhn, S. Leen, and T. Hyde, A Superplastic Forming Limit Diagram Concept for Ti-6Al-4V, Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. L, 2007, 221(4), p 251–264
12. Y. Lee, Y. Kwon, S. Kang, S. Kim, and J. Lee, Forming Limit of AZ31 Alloy Sheet and Strain Rate on Warm Sheet Metal Forming, J. Mater. Process. Techol., 2008, 201(1), p 431–43510.1016/j.jmatprotec.2007.11.306 ↗
13. C. Zhang, L. Leotoing, D. Guines, and E. Ragneau, Theoretical and Numerical Study of Strain Rate Influence on AA5083 Formability, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2009, 209(8), p 3849–385810.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.09.003 ↗
14. G. Palumbo, D. Sorgente, and L. Tricarico, A Numerical and Experimental Investigation of AZ31 Formability at Elevated Temperatures Using a Constant Strain Rate Test, Mater. Des., 2010, 31(3), p 1308–131610.1016/j.matdes.2009.09.009 ↗
15. D. Banabic, F. Barlat, O. Cazacu, and T. Kuwabara, Advances in Anisotropy and Formability, Int. J. Mater. Form., 2010, 3(3), p 165–18910.1007/s12289-010-0992-9 ↗
16. M. Merklein, J. Lecher, V. Gödel, S. Bruschi, A. Ghiotti, and A. Turetta, Mechanical Properties and Plastic Anisotropy of the Quenchenable High Strength Steel 22MnB5 at Elevated Temperatures, Key Eng. Mater., 2007, 344, p 79–8610.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.344.79 ↗
17. A. Turetta, S. Bruschi, and A. Ghiotti, Anisotropic and Mechanical Behavior of 22MnB5 in Hot Stamping Operations, ESAFORM Conference on Material Forming, E. Cueto, F. Chinesta, Ed., 2007, p 217–22210.1063/1.2729514 ↗
18. D. Banabic, H. Aretz, D. Comsa, and L. Paraianu, An Improved Analytical Description of Orthotropy in Metallic Sheets, Int. J. Plast., 2005, 21(3), p 493–51210.1016/j.ijplas.2004.04.003 ↗
19. M. Merklein and J. Lechler, Determination of Material and Process Characteristics for Hot Stamping Processes of Quenchenable Ultra High Strength Steels with Respect to a FE-Based Process Design, SAE World Congress: Innovations in Steel and Applications of Advanced High Strength Steels for Automobile Structures, Paper No. 2008-01-0853, 2008, p 411–42610.4271/2008-01-0853 ↗
20. D. Banabic, Sheet Metal Forming Processes: Constitutive Modelling and Numerical Simulation, Springer, New York, 201010.1007/978-3-540-88113-1 ↗
21. N. Hoff, Approximate Analysis of Structures in the Presence of Moderately Large Creep Deformations, Q. Appl. Math., 1954, 12(1), p 49–5510.1090/qam/61004 ↗
22. F.H. Norton, The Creep of Steel at High Temperatures, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1929
23. A. Molinari and G. Ravichandran, Constitutive Modeling of High-Strain-Rate Deformation in Metals Based on the Evolution of an Effective Microstructural Length, Mech. Mater., 2005, 37(7), p 737–75210.1016/j.mechmat.2004.07.005 ↗
24. M. Ganjiani and A. Assempour, Implementation of a Robust Algorithm for Prediction of Forming Limit Diagrams, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2008, 17(1), p 1–610.1007/s11665-007-9121-4 ↗
25. L.G. Aranda, I. Chaste, and J.F. Pascual, Experiments and Simulation of Hot Stamping of Quenchable Steels, Adv. Technol. Plast., 2002, 2, p 1135–1140
26. M. Merklein and J. Lechler, Investigation of the Thermo-mechanical Properties of Hot Stamping Steels, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2006, 177(1–3), p 452–45510.1016/j.jmatprotec.2006.03.233 ↗
27. J. Min, J. Lin, J. Li, and W. Bao, Investigation on Hot Forming Limits of High Strength Steel 22MnB5, Comput. Mater. Sci., 2010, 49(2), p 326–33210.1016/j.commatsci.2010.05.018 ↗
28. J. Lechler, M. Merklein, and M. Geiger, Determination of Thermal and Mechanical Material Properties of Ultra-high Strength Steels for Hot Stamping, Steel Res. Int., 2009, 79(2), p 98–10410.1002/srin.200806323 ↗
29. P. Bariani, S. Bruschi, A. Ghiotti, and A. Turetta, Testing Formability in the Hot Stamping of HSS, CIRP Ann. Manuf. Technol., 2008, 57(1), p 265–26810.1016/j.cirp.2008.03.049 ↗
30. P. Verleysen, J. Peirs, J. Van Slycken, K. Faes, and L. Duchene, Effect of Strain Rate on the Forming Behaviour of Sheet Metals, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2011, 211(8), p 1457–146410.1016/j.jmatprotec.2011.03.018 ↗
31. L. Armijo, Minimization of Functions Having Lipschitz Continuous First Partial Derivatives, Pac. J. Math., 1966, 16(1), p 1–310.2140/pjm.1966.16.1 ↗
32. W.H. Press, Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1992