The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Properties of Explosively Welded Titanium-Steel Plates
Source abstract
Abstract
This paper describes a study of explosively welded titanium-carbon steel S355J2+N plates. Following the welding, plates underwent heat treatment at temperature of 600 °C for 90 min with cooling in furnace to 300 °C and in air to room temperature. The structure of the bonding was examined by using light, scanning electron (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. The mechanical properties before and after heat treatment were examined applying three-point bending tests with cyclic loads and hardness measurements. Fracture surfaces were investigated using computer tomography and SEM. It has been found that the bonding areas are characterized by a specific chemical composition, microstructure and microhardness. Between the steel and the Ti cladding, a strongly defected transition zone was formed and melted areas with altered chemical composition were observed. It was also demonstrated that the heat treatment commonly applied to welded steel-Ti plates had a significant and negative impact on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded plates due to formation of brittle intermetallic phases.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior · Energetic Materials and Combustion · Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (36)
Show source-provided references
1. K. Karolczuk, K. Kluger, M. Kowalski, F. Żok, and G. Robak, Residual Stresses in Steel-Titanium Composite Manufactured by Explosive Welding, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2012, 726, p 125–13210.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.726.125 ↗
2. L. Čížek, D. Ostroushko, E. Mazancová, Z. Szulc, R. Molak, M. Wachowski, and M. Prażmowski, Structure and Properties of Sandwich Material Steel Cr13Ni10 + Ti After Explosive Cladding, Metall. J., 2009, 62(6), p 110–112
3. P. Tamilchelvan, K. Raghukandan, K. Hokamoto, H.C. Dey, and A.K. Bhaduri, Effect on Explosive Cladding of Titan 12/SS304L Plates Under Multiple Conditions (Design Matrix), Mater. Sci. Forum, 2004, 465-466, p 20710.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.465-466.207 ↗
4. D. Cutter, What You Can Do with Explosion Welding, Weld. J., 2006, 6, p 40
5. F. Findik, Recent Developments in Explosive Welding, Mater. Des., 2011, 32, p 1081–109310.1016/j.matdes.2010.10.017 ↗
6. G.A. Young, J.G. Banker, in Explosion Welded Bi-Metallic Solutions to Dissimilar Metal Joining, 13th Offshore Symposium, February (2004), Houston, Texas
7. J.M. Stone, Applications of explosion-bonded clads, in Conference on Explosive Welding, September (1968), Hove
8. A. Joshi, Introduction to Explosive Welding (Dept. of Metallurgical Engineering & Material Science, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, 2000)
9. M. Tršo, M. Benák, M. Turňa, P. Nesvadba, Structural stability of composite materials prepared by explosion welding after their heat treatment, in Defect and Diffusion Forum (2010), pp. 297–301
10. R. Kacar and M. Acarer, An Investigation on the Explosive Cladding of 316L Stainless Steel-din-P355GH Steel, J. Mater. Process. Technol., 2004, 152, p 91–9610.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.03.012 ↗
11. S.A.A. Akbari Mousavi, S.T.S. Al-Hassani, and A.G. Atkins, Bond Strength of Explosively Welded Specimens, Mater. Des., 2008, 29, p 1334–135210.1016/j.matdes.2007.06.010 ↗
12. A. Durgutlu, B. Gülenç, and F. Findik, Examination of Copper/Stainless Steel Joints Formed by Explosive Welding, Mater. Des., 2005, 26, p 497–50710.1016/j.matdes.2004.07.021 ↗
13. S. Kundu, D. Roy, S. Chatterjee, D. Olson, and B. Mishra, Influence of Interface Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Titanium/17-4 PH Stainless Steel Solid State Diffusion Bonded Joints, Mater. Des., 2012, 37, p 560–56810.1016/j.matdes.2011.10.041 ↗
14. L. Čižek, D. Ostroushko, Z. Szulc, R. Molak, and M. Prażmowski, Properties of Sandwich Metals Joined by Explosive Cladding Method, Arch. Mater. Sci. Eng., 2010, 43, p 21–29
15. V. Phillipchuk, Explosive welding status, ASTME Creative Manufacturing Seminar (1961), pp. 65–100
16. V. Hutsaylyuk, V. Hlado, A. Sobhak, M. Blavitskyi, Degradation structure of steel 12Kh1MF of the collector of super-heater, in 14th International Conference on Transport Means, October 2010, Lithuania
17. S. Król, Heat Treatment of Explosively Welded Bimetallic Clad Materials, Weld. Int., 1991, 5(12), p 944–94810.1080/09507119109446820 ↗
18. E.A. Prikhodko, I.A. Bataev, V.S. Lozhkin, V.I. Mali, M.A. Esikov, The Effect of Heat Treatment on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Multilayered Composites Welded by Explosion, Adv. Mater. Res., 2012, 535–537, p 231–234
19. D. Ostroushko and E. Mazancova, Chosen Properties of Sandwich Material Ti-304L Stainless Steel After Explosive Welding, Mater. Eng., 2011, 18, p 8–10
20. P. Tamilchelvan, K. Raghukandan, K. Hokamoto, H.C. Dey, and A.K. Bhaduri, Effect on Explosive Cladding of Titan 12/SS304L Plates Under Multiple Conditions (Design Matrix), Mater. Sci. Forum, 2004, 465–466, p 20710.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.465-466.207 ↗
21. R. Kacar and M. Acarer, Microstructure–Property Relationship in Explosively Welded Duplex Stainless Steel–Steel, Mater. Sci. Eng., A, 2003, 363, p 29110.1016/S0921-5093(03)00643-9 ↗
22. ASTM A263-94a, Standard Specification for Corrosion-Resisting Chromium Steel-Clad Plate, Sheet, and Strip
23. ASME Section VIII Div. 1 Part UCS-56 (Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels)
24. S.K. Godunov, A.A. Deribas, and N.S. Kozin, Wave Formation in Explosive Welding, J. Appl. Mech. Tech. Phys., 1973, 12(3), p 398–40610.1007/BF00851622 ↗
25. A.A.A. Mousavi and S.T.S. Al-Hassani, Numerical and Experimental Studies of the Mechanism of the Wavy Interface Formations in Explosive/Impact Welding, J. Mech. Phys. Solids, 2005, 53(11), p 2501–252810.1016/j.jmps.2005.06.001 ↗
26. E. Carton, Wave Forming Mechanisms in Explosive Welding, Mater. Sci. Forum, 2004, 465–466, p 219–22410.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.465-466.219 ↗
27. S.R. Reid, A Discussion of the Mechanism of Interface Wave Generation in Explosive Welding, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1974, 16(6), p 399IN4401–400IN5413
28. B.F. Wang, Y. Yang, Z.P. Chen, and Y. Zeng, Adiabatic Shear Bands in α-Titanium Tube Under External Explosive Loading, J. Mater. Sci., 2007, 42, p 8101–810510.1007/s10853-007-1725-4 ↗
29. B.F. Wang, Y. Yang, Distribution and Dynamic Propagation of Adiabatic Shear Bands on the Titanium Side in the Titanium/Mild Steel Explosive Cladding Plate, Mater. Sci. Eng. A, 2007, 452–453, p 273–27710.1016/j.msea.2006.10.129 ↗
30. Y.J. Liang and Y.C. Che, Thermodynamic Data Handbook of Inorganic Substances, Northeastern University Press, Shenyang, 1994, p 328
31. I. Barin, O. Knacke, and O. Kubaschewski, Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances, Springer, Berlin, 1977, p 257–25810.1007/978-3-662-02293-1 ↗
32. T. Wang, T. Ivas, C. Leinenbach, and J. Zhang, Microstructural Characterization of Si3N4/42CrMo Joint Brazed with Ag − Cu − Ti + TiNp Composite Filler, J. Alloy. Compd., 2015, 651, p 628
33. Z. Mei, Y.W. Yan, and K. Cui, Effect of Matrix Composition on the Microstructure of In Situ Synthesized TiC Particulate Reinforced Iron-Based Composites, Mater. Lett., 2003, 57, p 3179
34. Y.J. Liang and Y.C. Che, Thermodynamic Data Handbook of In-organic Substances, Northeastern University Press, Shenyang, 1994, p 328
35. Z. Mei, Y.W. Yan, and K. Cui, Effect of Matrix Composition on the Microstructure of In Situ Synthesized TiC Particulate Reinforced Iron-Based Composites, Mater. Lett., 2003, 57, p 3179
36. I. Barin, O. Knacke, and O. Kubaschewski, Thermochemical Properties of Inorganic Substances, Springer, Berlin, 1977, p 257–25810.1007/978-3-662-02293-1 ↗