Cobalt-Free Laser Cladding on AISI Type 316L Stainless Steel for Improved Cavitation and Slurry Erosion Wear Behavior
Source abstract
Abstract
Laser cladding of Colmonoy-5 (a nickel base alloy) and Metco-41C (an iron base alloy) on AISI type 316L stainless steel (SS316L) and their wear behaviors were investigated to establish Co-free clad layers for potential applications in nuclear industry. A 3.5 kW CO2 laser-based system was used to optimize the laser cladding on SS316L substrate. The observed optimum parameters were: laser power of 1.6 kW, scan speed of 0.6 m/min, and powder feed rate of 8 g/min with 60% overlapping. The microstructure studies revealed that the clad layers primarily comprise very fine columnar dendritic structures, while clad-substrate interface exhibited planar and non-epitaxial mode of solidification due to high cooling rates. The cavitation and slurry erosion behaviors of laser clad layers were also compared to that of Stellite-6 for potential direct replacement. The cavitation erosion resistance was improved by a factor of 1.6, 3.7, and 4.1, while the slurry erosion resistances at an impingement angle of 30° were 1.5, 4.8, and 1.8 times better for laser clad surfaces of Colmonoy-5, Metco-41C, and Stellite-6, respectively, as compared to that of bare SS316L substrate. The study demonstrated that Metco-41C is a better choice as Co-free clad material for potential nuclear applications.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Additive Manufacturing Materials and Processes · Nuclear Materials and Properties · High Entropy Alloys Studies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (27)
Show source-provided references
1. C.P. Paul, P. Bhargava, A. Kumar, and L.M. Kukreja, Laser-Assisted Manufacturing: Fundamentals, Current Scenario, and Future Applications, Nontraditional Machining Processes, J. Paulo Davim, Ed., Springer, London, 2013, p 1–3410.1007/978-1-4471-5179-1_1 ↗
2. E. Toyserkani, A. Khajepour, and S. Corbin, Laser Cladding, CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2005
3. G. Fu, S. Liu, and J. Fan, The Design of Cobalt-Free, Nickel-Based Alloy Powder (Ni-3) Used for Sealing Surfaces of Nuclear Power Valves and Its Structure of Laser Cladding Coating, J. Nucl. Eng. Des., 2011, 241(5), p 1403–140610.1016/j.nucengdes.2011.01.020 ↗
4. S. Shi, A. Xu, J. Fan, and H. Wei, Study of Cobalt-Free, Fe-Based Alloy Powder Used for Sealing Surfaces of Nuclear Valves by Laser Cladding, J Nucl. Eng. Des., 2012, 245, p 8–1210.1016/j.nucengdes.2012.01.015 ↗
5. A.K. Bhaduri, S.K. Albert, C.R. Das, and B. Raj, Hardfacing of Austenitic Stainless Steel with Nickel-Base Ni Cr Alloy, Int. J. Microstruct. Mater. Prop., 2011, 6(1–2), p 40–53
6. V. Ramasubbu, G. Chakraborty, S.K. Albert, and A.K. Bhaduri, Effect of Dilution on GTAW Colmonoy 6 (AWS NiCr-C) Hardface Deposit Made on 316LN Stainless Steel, Mater. Sci. Technol., 2011, 27(2), p 573–58010.1179/026708309X12526555493431 ↗
7. H. Zhanga, Y. Shia, M. Kutsunab, and G.J. Xuc, Laser Cladding of Colmonoy 6 Powder on AISI316L Austenitic Stainless Steel, J. Nucl. Eng. Des., 2010, 240, p 2691–269610.1016/j.nucengdes.2010.05.040 ↗
8. Y.L. Yuan and Z.G. Li, Microstructure and Dry Sliding Wear Behavior of Fe-Based (Cr, Fe)7C3 Composite Coating Fabricated by PTA Welding Process, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(11), p 3439–344910.1007/s11665-013-0646-4 ↗
9. B.S. Mann, V. Arya, and B.K. Pant, High-Power Diode Laser Surface Treated HVOF Coating to Combat High Energy Particle Impact Wear, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(7), p 1995–200410.1007/s11665-013-0475-5 ↗
10. C. Guo, J. Zhou, J. Chen, J. Zhao, Y. Yu, and H. Zhou, High Temperature Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding NiCrBSi and NiCrBSi/WC-Ni Composite Coatings, Wear, 2011, 270, p 492–49810.1016/j.wear.2011.01.003 ↗
11. S.W. Huang, D. Nolan, and M. Brandt, Abrasive Wear Performance and Microstructure of Laser Clad WC/Ni Layers, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2003, 165, p 26–3410.1016/S0257-8972(02)00700-4 ↗
12. M. Chao, W. Wang, E. Liang, and D. Ouyang, Microstructure and Wear Resistance of TaC Reinforced Ni-Based Coating by Laser Cladding, Surf. Coat. Technol., 2008, 202(10), p 1918–192210.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.08.021 ↗
13. B. Han, M. Li, and Y. Wang, Microstructure and Wear Resistance of Laser Clad Fe-Cr3C2 Composite Coating on 35CrMo Steel, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(12), p 3749–375410.1007/s11665-013-0708-7 ↗
14. C. Chen, X. Xing, Q. Cao, M. Zhang, Q. Chang, and S. Zhang, Laser Surface Cladding of Plastic-Molded Steel 718H by CoCrMo Alloy, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21(6), p 946–95010.1007/s11665-011-9993-1 ↗
15. S.S. Basha, V.M. Periasamy, M. Kamaraj, and S.M. Shariff, Improvement of Slurry Erosion Wear Resistance of 16Cr-5Ni Martensite Stainless Steel by LSA and LTH, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2013, 22(12), p 3689–369810.1007/s11665-013-0678-9 ↗
16. R. Singh, M. Kumar, D. Kumar, and SumanK Mishra, Erosion and Corrosion Behavior of Laser Cladded Stainless Steels with Tungsten Carbide, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21(11), p 2274–228210.1007/s11665-012-0170-y ↗
17. J.S. Xu, X.C. Zhang, F.Z. Xuan, Z.D. Wang, and S.T. Tu, Microstructure and Sliding Wear Resistance of Laser Cladded WC/Ni Composite Coatings with Different Contents of WC Particle, J. Mater. Eng. Perform., 2012, 21(9), p 1904–191110.1007/s11665-011-0109-8 ↗
18. C.P. Paul, P. Bhargava, A. Kumar, A.K. Pathak, and L.M. Kukreja, Laser Rapid Manufacturing: Technology, Applications, Modeling and Future Prospects, Lasers in Manufacturing, J. Paulo-Davim, Ed., ISTE-Wiley, London, 2012, p 1–67
19. G.R. Desale, C.P. Paul, B.K. Gandhi, and S.C. Jain, Erosion Wear Behavior of Laser Clad Surfaces of low Carbon Austenitic Steel, Wear, 2009, 266(9–10), p 975–98710.1016/j.wear.2008.12.043 ↗
20. http://www.sulzer.com/en//media/Documents/ProductsAndServices/Coating_Materials/ThermalSpray/Brochures/TS_MaterialGuide_EN_052012.pdf . Accessed 19th June 2014.
21. http://www.wallcolmonoy.fr/pdf/selector-chart-colmonoy_rev.pdf . Accessed 19th June 2014.
22. http://www.stellite.co.uk/Portals/0/Stellite%206%20Final.pdf . Accessed 19th June 2014.
23. C.P. Paul, Amit Jain, P. Ganesh, J. Negi, and A.K. Nath, Laser Rapid Manufacturing of Colmonoy Components, Laser Opt Eng, 2006, 44(10), p 1096–110910.1016/j.optlaseng.2005.08.005 ↗
24. American Society for Testing and Materials, Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus, ASTM G 32-10, ASTM, West Conshohocken, 2003
25. T.A.M. Haemers, D.G. Rickerby, F. Lanza, F. Geiger, and E.J. Mittemeijer, Hardfacing of Stainless Steel with Laser Melted Colmonoy, J. Mater. Sci., 2000, 35(22), p 5691–569810.1023/A:1004858508274 ↗
26. S. Hattori and N. Mikami, Cavitation Erosion Resistance of Stellite Alloy Weld Overlays, Wear, 2009, 267(11), p 1954–196010.1016/j.wear.2009.05.007 ↗
27. M. Lee, Y. Kima, Y. Oh, Y. Kim, S. Lee, H. Honga, and S. Kim, Study on the Cavitation Erosion Behavior of Hardfacing Alloys for Nuclear Power Industry, Wear, 2003, 255(1-6), p 157–16110.1016/S0043-1648(03)00144-3 ↗