Exploration of Rayleigh loop vis-to-vis high applied magnetic field hysteresis loops phenomena in barium hexaferrite-Copper ferrite ferrimagnetic composites

Recent research interest has surged in magnetic composite materials, driven by the increasing demand for permanent magnets, magnetic fluids, and magnetic sensors, in various technological applications. Among all these materials, the 1BaFe ₁₂O ₁₉ + (x) CuFe ₂O ₄ composites have developed as particularly promising in terms of its magnetic properties. However, despite its potential, detailed insights into the magnetic characteristics of this composite remain scarce in the existing literature. In this article, we address this gap by thoroughly investigating the magnetic properties of the 1BaFe ₁₂O ₁₉ + (x) CuFe ₂O ₄ composite across a range of compositions (x = 1 to 6). This present study focused on both low and high applied magnetic fields, examining the material’s behavior in Rayleigh region as well as under intense magnetic influences. At low magnetic fields, the M−H loop exhibits distinctive elliptical or lens shape. Notably, the susceptibility ( χ_m) initially increases but then declines after reaching a critical threshold with increasing magnetic field strength. The analysis of different magnetic parameters, including maximum magnetization ( M_m), remanent magnetization ( M_r), coercive field ( H_c), and the ratio of remanent to maximum magnetization ( M_r/M_m), derived from the M−H loops across different applied magnetic fields have been reported here. According to present research, these magnetic parameters show a growing trendency with increasing applied magnetic field strength until they get close to saturation. Results are correlated with the magnetic domain wall dynamics.