Modelling and validating of constitutive relationship between uniaxial stress and AC electromagnetic field

The phenomenon of stress-induced alteration in the magnetic field of ferromagnetic materials and certain conductive non-ferromagnetic materials is herein referred to as the mechano-electromagnetic effect (MEME). It has great application potential in nondestructive testing of stress. However, the physical mechanism of MEME is still unclear, and most stress-magnetic field correlation models are phenomenological and dependent on testing conditions, making them difficult to apply in measurements. In this paper, a constitutive model of MEME was established by assuming that the underlying physical mechanism of MEME is an intrinsic response of material to stress through changes in permeability and conductivity. Based on the constitutive models of stress–magnetic permeability and stress–conductivity, the uniaxial stress–AC electromagnetic-field constitutive model was proposed and validated. In the uniaxial tensile experiment of Q235 specimen, the prediction results of the model agree well with the experimental findings with satisfactory accuracy and generality. The constitutive model provides a new interpretation of the mechanism of MEME and a new method for simulation of stress-affected electromagnetic field.