Shubnikov–de Haas and Hall quantum oscillations in graphite

Abstract Resistance and Hall effect are measured for graphite in fields of up to 23 T in the temperature range 0.3–300 K. Quantum oscillations appear below 50 K when the field is parallel to the c-axis. No oscillations are observed above 8 T, when all the electrons in the system occupy the lowest Landau level. Cyclotron masses for the lowest Landau levels range from 0.6me to 0.04me. The extremal cross section for the electron Fermi surface is 4.2×1016 m−2 and the hole cross section is similar. The Dingle temperature for the highly oriented pyrolytic graphite sample is 7 K.