X-ray absorption spectroscopic and magnetic characterization of cobalt-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals prepared by the molten-salt method

Abstract The local atomic arrangement and electronic structure of the Co-doped Zn 1− x Co x O nanocrystal have been quantitatively examined along with its magnetic properties. According to our analysis using powder X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and Zn K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), phase-pure wurzite-structured Zn 1− x Co x O nanocrystals have been successfully synthesized via the molten-salt method. The Co K-edge XAS analysis clearly demonstrates that all the Co 2+ ions are substituted for the tetrahedral Zn sites of the Wurzite structure with a coordination number of 3.9 and a bond distance of 1.97 A, ruling out the presence of magnetic impurity phase and Co-metal cluster. Magnetization measurements reveal that the present Zn 1− x Co x O sample does not show any ferromagnetic transition down to 2 K. In this regard, we can conclude that Co-doped zinc oxide is not ferromagnetic but the previously reported ferromagnetism in this phase would be an extrinsic property.