Preparation, characterisation and biocompatibility of microarc oxidation coating on tantalum

Similar to titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta) has good mechanical properties, processability and corrosion resistance, which make it a suitable material for medical implants. However, tantalum lacks biological activity and cannot induce bone tissue growth. In this study, microarc oxidation was used to prepare a silicon (Si)-containing oxide coating on the surface of tantalum. Scanning electron microscopy measurement showed that the coating had a dense inner layer and a porous surface with a good physical morphology. Energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses confirmed the presence of elemental silicon in the coating. In addition, the coating was evenly distributed on the surface and might form an amorphous phase. In vitro cell tests showed that the silicon oxide coating had no obvious cytotoxicity, could promote the stretching of actin filaments and exhibited good biological activity. The results of this study provide significant theoretical insights and may play an important role in clinical applications.