A comprehensive review on Mg-based materials as filler in mixed matrix membranes for CO2 separation

• Increasing interest in membrane technology applications, particularly MMMs with mineral fillers, for solving CO 2 release challenges. • Mg-based materials are of great interest due to their unique characteristics, with various preparation methods and effects on gas separation being extensively discussed. • Strategies for enhancing selectivity and permeability of MMMs using Mg-based material fillers have been explored, showing significant improvements in CO 2 separation. • Future research perspectives include using AI to optimize compositions and functionalized Mg-based fillers for better performance. • Potential for Mg-based materials to pave the way for the development and commercialization of advanced MMMs for gas separation. The crisis of excessive increase in CO 2 emissions has quickly become a serious issue and requires low-cost and bio-compatible solutions. The employee of membrane technology for CO 2 gas separation has garnered significant interest among researchers. However, this method encounters challenges related to selectivity and permeability. Therefore, modifying and reinforcing the polymer membranes to improve gas separation performance seems essential. Among the various methods for polymer membrane modification, modification with magnesium-based fillers to prepare a mixed matrix membrane (MMM) is considered an efficient method. Owing to magnesium metal's low weight, low density, high strength, and good selectivity, magnesium-based materials (Mg-based materials) have more porosity, higher available surface area, more adsorption sites, lighter weight, and more gas absorption tendency than other fillers, which makes them an attractive choice for the preparation of gas separation MMMs. This research deals with the introduction of Mg-based materials, various methods of synthesis of Mg-based materials, different methods of introducing Mg-based materials into the membrane matrix, and their effect on the performance of MMMs in CO 2 gas separation applications. Therefore, this review can provide researchers with light horizons in using the high potential of Mg-based materials as efficient fillers in MMMs to achieve excellent permeability and selectivity and generally improve their performance in CO 2 gas separation applications.