Research status and applications of different nanomaterials system based on ultrafast laser nanojoining technology

With the development of aviation, electronics, and energy technologies, nanomaterials play an increasingly important role in the manufacturing of micro-/nanodevices, and achieving high-quality joining of nanomaterials has become the key to constructing and assembling multifunctional micro-/nanodevices. Ultrafast lasers have significant advantages such as extremely high-pulse energy density, wide material adaptability, and extremely small processing heat-affected zone. Therefore, nanojoining technology based on ultrafast lasers has become an important development direction. This article provides a review of a nanojoining technology ultrafast laser, summarizing the processing principles, characteristics, and application status of the three major ultrafast laser nanojoining technologies currently available. Furthermore, this article elaborates on the energy input, material damage characteristics, and formation of nanojunctions in the process of ultrafast laser nanojoining for metal-metal, metal-nonmetal, and nonmetal-nonmetal nanomaterials. Finally, the potential applications of ultrafast laser nanojoining technology in electronic devices, photodetectors, and biomedical fields were explored for the low damage nanostructures obtained through nanojoining.