Overview of optical radiation safety requirements for eye tracking systems

Eye-tracking systems have gained significant attention in various applications, including human-computer interaction, and direct eye projection applications such as near-to-eye displays and augmented/virtual/mixed reality. These systems use optical sensors to monitor eye movements and gaze direction in order to adapt and optimize the displayed image. The working principles of these sensors are based on the emission and detection of optical radiation of light emitting diodes or lasers. Therefore, the optical radiation safety needs to be considered during development of such eye-tracking systems to enable safe use. The aim of the paper is to provide an overview of existing standards and technical specifications related to eye tracking and to highlight potential gaps. As a result, it contributes to the responsible and safe deployment of eye-tracking technology across various applications.