Influence of microstructure on the mechanical and electrochemical response of multifunctional energy storage systems

Multifunctional energy storage material systems, such as structural supercapacitors and batteries, simultaneously store electrical energy and carry mechanical loads. They hold great promise for expanding the functionality of structural members and the operational range of ground, air, and space vehicles. While notable contributions have been made to designing and manufacturing these multifunctional material systems, many challenges remain, especially in optimizing synergistic effects while minimizing mass and cost.