Biologically inspired reversible osmotic actuation through voltage-gated ion channels

This study focuses on the development of a novel high-energy density actuator based on biomimicry principles. The system proposed here draws inspiration from plant motor cells and provides proof of concept for a highly configurable reversible osmotic actuator through the application of voltage-gated ion channels and action potentials. Computational methods are employed to measure the effectiveness of the proposed system in comparison to similar novel actuators.