Piezoelectric Materials at Elevated Temperature
Source abstract
Abstract
Piezoelectric ceramic patches are the mainstay for actuating and sensing in smart structures, but these patches are limited in the temperature range in which they can operate. Operation at temperatures above ambient is desired for new applications of smart structures, including in aircraft, turbine engine components, space vehicles, and others. The decrease in the actuation and sensing capability with increasing temperature is mainly due to the loss of the piezoelectric properties through depoling. The decrease in performance is also due to the compliance of the adhesive used to bond the patch to the structure, the insulating film covering the patch, and the inside adhesive bonding the film to the wafer. This paper discusses the general properties and modeling of piezoelectric materials, and then experimentally characterizes the performance of piezoelectric ceramic patches used as sensors bonded onto an aluminum beam operating at moderately elevated temperatures. It is shown that the piezoelectric property of the sensor decreases with increasing temperature until the properties are almost completely lost, and also the piezoelectric properties return each time when the sensor is cooled. Finally, high temperature nanotechnology is investigated as an approach that might replace piezoelectric ceramics for sensing and actuating of smart structures at high temperatures.
Source: crossref · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Aeroelasticity and Vibration Control · Smart Materials for Construction · Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
Affiliations
Departmentof Mechanical Engineering, Smart Structures Bio-Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0072, USA
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Intelligent Structures and Mechanisms Laboratory, North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
References (44)
Show source-provided references
1. APC International, Piezoelectric Ceramics: Principles and Applications http://www.americanpiezo.com/materials/index.html.
2. Active Control eXperts, Inc. ‘‘QUICKPACK Piezoelectric Actuators’’, Active Control eXperts, Inc. , 215 First Street, Cambridge, MA , 1997 .
3. Ahuwalia, Baughman, R. , De Rossi, D. , Mazzoldi, A. , Tesconi, M. , Tongnetti, A. and Vozzi, G. 2001. ‘‘Microfabricated Electroactive Carbon Nanotube Actuators’’, In: Proceedings of the SPIE Conference on Smart Structures and Materials , Vol. 4329.10.1117/12.432647 ↗
4. 10.1039/b201013p10.1039/b201013p ↗
5. Bando, Y. , Ogawa, K. and Golberg, D. 2001 . ‘‘Insulating ‘Nanocables’: Invar Fe-Ni Alloy Nanorods Inside BN Nanotubes’’ , Chemical Physics Letters , 347 : 349 .10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01075-2 ↗
6. 10.1126/science.284.5418.134010.1126/science.284.5418.1340 ↗
7. Bent, A.A. 1997. ‘‘Active Fiber Composites for Structural Actuation’’, Ph.D. Dissertation, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02139.
8. Blanas, P. , Wenger, M.P. , Shuford, R.J. and Das-Gupta, D.K. 1997 . ‘‘Active Composite Materials and Damage Monitoring’’ , Structural Health Monitoring, Current Status and Perspectives, Fu-Kuo Chang, International Workshop on Structural Health Monitoring .
9. Cady, W.G. 1964 . ‘‘Piezoelectricity: An Introduction to the Theory and Applications of Electromechanical Phenomenon in Crystals’’ , Dover, NY .
10. Carbon Nanotechnologies Inc., 16200 Park Row, Houston, TX 77084-5159.
11. CeraNova Corporation, 101 Constitution Boulevard, Suite D, Franklin, MA 02038-2587.
12. Davis, Virginia A. , Ericson, Lars M. , Saini, Rajesh , Sivarajan, Ramesh , Hauge, R.H. , Smalley, Richard E. and Pasquali,Matteo 2001. ‘‘Rheology, Phase Behavior, and Fiber Spinning of Carbon Nanotube Dispersions’’ , AIChe Annual Meeting .
13. Dresselhaus, M.S. , Dressehaus, G. and Eklund, P.C. 1996 . Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes , Academic Press , San Diego, CA .10.1016/B978-012221820-0/50003-4 ↗
14. 10.1016/S0924-4247(99)00070-910.1016/S0924-4247(99)00070-9 ↗
15. 10.1143/JJAP.40.599910.1143/JJAP.40.5999 ↗
16. Gao, M. , Dai, L. , Baughman, R.H. and Spinks, G.M. et al. 2000 . ‘‘Electrochemical Properties of Aligned Nanotube Arrays: Basis of New Electromechanical Actuators’’ , Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices, In: SPIE Proceedings , pp. 18 – 24 .10.1117/12.387798 ↗
17. Hamrock, B.J. , Jacobson, B. and Schmidt, S.R. 1999 . Fundamentals of Machine Elements , McGraw Hill , New York, NY .
18. Jaffe, B. and Cook, Jr., W.R. 1971 . Piezoelectric Ceramics , Academic Press , New York .
19. Larry Lynnworth, Panametrics, Inc., article ‘‘High Temperature Flow Measurement.’’ http://www.gepower.com/dhtml/panametrics/en_us/index.jsp
20. Lebedev, N.G. , Zaporotskova, I.V. and Chernozatonskii, L.A. 2001 . ‘‘On the Estimation of Piezoelectric Modules of Carbon and Boron Nitride Nanotubes’’ , Volograd State University, 400062 Volgograd, Russia, and Institute of Biochemical Physics of RAS, 117334 , Moscow, Russia .
21. Lines, M.E. and Glass, A.M. 1977 . Principles and Applications of Ferroelectric and Related Materials , Clarendon Press , Oxford .
22. 10.1021/cm000157q10.1021/cm000157q ↗
23. 10.1016/S0009-2614(01)00194-410.1016/S0009-2614(01)00194-4 ↗
24. Ma, R. , Bando, Y. , Sato, T. and Kurashima, K. 2002 . ‘‘Thin Boron Nitride Nanotubes with Unusual Large Inner Diameters’’ , Chemical Physics Letters , 350 : 434 - 434 .10.1016/S0009-2614(01)01322-7 ↗
25. Mazzoldi, D.D. and Baughman, R.H. 2000 . ‘‘Electro-mechanical Behavior of Carbon Nanotube Sheets in Electrochemical Actuators’’ , Electroactive Polymer Actuators and Devices, In: SPIE Proceedings , pp. 25 – 32 .10.1117/12.387799 ↗
26. Measurement Specialities, http://www.msiusa.com/default/index.asp
27. NASA Glenn Research Center, http://www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/SiC/redhot.html
28. NASA Glenn Research, http://www.lerc.nasa.gov/WWW/ictd/content/hilight20020607.html
29. Nardelli, M.B. Polarization Effects in Nanotube Structures, Presentation Notes , North Carolina State University ( http://nemo.physics.ncsu.edu/nardelli/index.html ).
30. Nardelli, M.B. , Fattebert, J.L. and Bernholc, J. 2001 . ‘‘O (N) Realspace Method for ab initio Quantum Transport Calculations: Application to Carbon Nanotube-metal Contacts’’ , Physical Review B , Vol. 64 .10.1103/PhysRevB.64.245423 ↗
31. 10.1126/science.290.5497.174210.1126/science.290.5497.1742 ↗
32. 10.1117/12.38809610.1117/12.388096 ↗
33. 10.1088/0964-1726/5/6/00710.1088/0964-1726/5/6/007 ↗
34. Piezo-Systems, Inc. www.piezo.com and http://www.piezo.com/psi5a4.html.
35. Schulz, M.J. , Chattopadhyay, S. , Sundaresan, M.J. , Ghoshal, A. , Martin, W.N. and Pratap, P.R. 2001. ‘‘Processing, Understanding, and Application of Piezoelectric Materials for an Artificial Neural System’’ , Ceramic Materials Symposium at the International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, Winter Annual Meeting of the ASME , Nov. 11–16 , New York Hilton and Towers, NY .10.1115/IMECE2001/MD-24807 ↗
36. Schulz, M.J. , Sundaresan, M.J. , Ghoshal, A. and Pai, P.F. 2000 . ‘‘Active Fiber Composites for Structural Health Monitoring’’ , SPIE 2000 , March 17 – 18 , San Diego CA .
37. 10.1063/1.152770210.1063/1.1527702 ↗
38. 10.1063/1.135096110.1063/1.1350961 ↗
39. Smart Structures Bio-Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45221, http://www.min.uc.edu/mschulz/smartlab/smartlab.html
40. Sundaresan, M.J., Ghoshal, A. and Schulz, M.J. 2002. ‘‘Sensor Array System’’, US Patent (6,399,939 B1).
41. Sundaresan, M.J. , Schulz, M.J. , Ghoshal, A. and Pratap, P. 2001. ‘‘A Neural System for Structural Health Monitoring’’ , SPIE 8th Symposium on Smart Materials and Structures , March 4–8 .10.1117/12.435516 ↗
42. Tang, C. , Bando, Y. , Sato, T. and Kurashima, K. 2002 . ‘‘A Novel Precursor for Synthesis of Pure Boron Nitride Nanotubes’’ , Chem. Commun. , 1290 .10.1002/chin.200236016 ↗
43. Uchino, K. 1966 . Piezoelectric Actuators and Ultrasonic Motors , Kluwer Academic Publishers , Boston .
44. 10.1088/0957-4484/13/2/31210.1088/0957-4484/13/2/312 ↗