Driving Force of the Polar Nonferroeletric Piezoelectric Crystal along One Dimension

Polar piezoelectric glass-ceramics of composition Ba2-xSrxTiSi2O8 with c-axis oriented growth were prepared by crystallizing the BaO-SrO-TiO2-SiO2 glasses in a high temperature gradient. The structure was determined by XRD and SEM. The physical model of driving force of the polar piezoelectric Ba2-xSrxTiSi2O8 crystal along c-axis dimension was set up, in accord with the experiment. The results show that the c-axis oriented growth of polar crystal is synchronously driven by gradient of temperature, dipole field and c-axis maximum energy of crystal lattice. The interior driving forces are both the difference of energy of ionic crystal lattice in different axis and dipole field produced by spontaneous polarization of polar crystal. The exterior driving force is the gradient of temperature.