Progress in Research on the Surface/Interface of Materials for Hard Tissue Implant

The investigation of the surface/interface of hard tissue implant materials is very important for improving their properties and application. This paper reviews the research progress and tendency of studies on the surface/interface for hard tissue implant, especially on titanium and titanium alloys, based on the law of hard tissue implant. The improvement of the bone regeneration and antibacterial properties of titanium-based alloys by surface modification has become the hot topics in recent years. Generally, loading growth factors and coating bioactive ceramics onto the surfaces of titanium and its alloys are valid ways to improve their ability of bone regeneration. And loading antibiotics and antibacterial agents have been proven to be an effective method to improve the antibacterial property of titanium implant. With the development of nanotechnology and biotechnology as well as the innovation of surface modification technologies, it is expected that to obtain titanium implants with combining bone regeneration and antibacterial properties by the hybrid surface modification.