An experimental and theoretical investigation into the effect of braiding angle and combination on a tensile modulus of the tubular biaxial hybrid braids

Due to the numerous and growing programs and applications of braid structures, understanding and predicting the mechanical behaviors of these structures is essential for engineers. In this paper, 12 tubular biaxial hybrid braids with different combinations and braiding angles were produced. They are made of two different yarns that one of them is a high-performance yarn and the other is an ordinary yarn. The tensile modulus as a mechanical property of a braided structure was compared in the different braiding angles and hybridization under the uniaxial tensile test. In addition to the experimental and statistical study presented in this research, a theoretical equation was also proposed to predict the tensile modulus of biaxial hybrid braided structures. The theoretical and experimental values are close. Also, statistical analysis of the proposed model showed the same results as statistical analysis of experimental results. So, it seems that the modified equation can be valuable and helpful. Also, several peaks in the second part of the load-extension diagram of hybrid braid observed that by increasing the amount of yarn with higher tensile properties in the hybrid braid structure, the number of peaks decreases. This is due to the fundamental difference in the type of yarn used in the production of hybrid braids. It could be said that this research may be a good start for future research on braid structures as advanced engineering materials.