Effect of GGBS Addition on Reactivity and Microstructure Properties of Ambient Cured Fly Ash Based Geopolymer Concrete
Source abstract
Abstract
Geopolymer concrete is an eco-friendly alternate to conventional concrete that considerably lower green house gases emitting into the atmosphere. Fly ash based geopolymer concrete is reported to become hardened during heat curing process which comes as a major constraint for cast in in-situ applications. In this study, the aluminosilicate materials such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) with varying percentages such as 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% replaces the fly ash (FA) in geopolymer concrete was used. Manufactured sand (M-sand) is used as full replacement material for natural sand as fine aggregate owing to its increasing demand. This work aims at investigating the effect of alumino silicate materials on strength properties, characterization and micro structural analysis using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) in geopolymer concrete under ambient curing condition. The SEM and EDX results reveals that, the micro structural properties of fly ash, GGBS materials, CaO, Si/Al ratio, and gel formation have a significant effect on compressive strength and setting time of geopolymer concrete. The FTIR analysis reveals that the stretching vibration of fly ash shifts to low wave number values due to changes in geopolymerization. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) reports show that the C-S-H gel formed around 27–30° 2theta value due to increase of GGBS in geopolymer concrete.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Concrete and Cement Materials Research · Magnesium Oxide Properties and Applications · Recycling and utilization of industrial and municipal waste in materials production
SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.
References (43)
Show source-provided references
1. Damtoft JS, Lukasik J, Herfort D, Sorrentino D, Gartner EM (2008) Sustainable development and climate change initiatives. Cem Concr Res 38(2):115–12710.1016/j.cemconres.2007.09.008 ↗
2. Juenger MCG, Winnefeld F, Provis JL, Ideker JH (2011) Advances in alternative cementitious binders. Cem Concr Res 41(12):1232–124310.1016/j.cemconres.2010.11.012 ↗
3. Davidovits J (1994) Global warming impact on the cement and aggregates industries. World Resource Review 6(2):263–278
4. Van Deventer JSJ, Provis JL, Duxson P, Brice DG (2010) Chemical research and climate change as drivers in the commercial adoption of alkali activated materials. Waste Biomass Valor 1:145–15510.1007/s12649-010-9015-9 ↗
5. Van Deventer JSJ, Provis JL, Duxson P (2012) Technical and commercial progress in the adoption of geopolymer cement. Min Eng 29:89–10410.1016/j.mineng.2011.09.009 ↗
6. Xie T, Ozbakkaloglu T (2015) Behavior of low-calcium fly and bottom ash-based geopolymer concrete cured at ambient temperature. Ceram Int 41:5945–5958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2015.01.03110.1016/j.ceramint.2015.01.031 ↗
7. Davidovits J (2002) Environmentally driven Geopolymer cement applications. Geopolymer Conference 1–9
8. Davidovits J (1989) Geopolymers and geopolymeric materials. J Therm Anal 35(2):429–441. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf0190444610.1007/bf01904446 ↗
9. Khale D, Chaudhary R (2007) Mechanism of geopolymerization and factors influencing its development: a review. J Mater Sci 42(3):729–746. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0401-410.1007/s10853-006-0401-4 ↗
10. Van Jaarsveld JGS, Van Deventer JSJ (1999) Effect of the alkali metal activator on the properties of Fly ash-based Geopolymers. Ind Eng Chem Res 38(10):3932–3941. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie980804b10.1021/ie980804b ↗
11. Hardjito D, Rangan BV (2006) Curtin research report on fly ash based geopolymer concrete, report GC 2. Curtin University of Technology, Australia
12. Guo X, Shi H, Chen L, Dick WA (2010) Alkali-activated complex binders from class C fly ash and Ca-containing admixtures. J Hazard Mater 173:480–48610.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.08.110 ↗
13. Bakharve T (2006) Thermal behaviour of geopolymers prepared using class F fly ash and elevated curing. Cem Concr Res 36:1134–114710.1016/j.cemconres.2006.03.022 ↗
14. Fernandez-Jimenez A, Palomo A (2003) Characterization of fly ashes. Potential reactivity as alkaline cements: Fuel 82:2259–2265
15. Swanepoel JC, Strydom CA (2002) Utilization of fly ash in a geopolymeric material. Appl Geochem 17(8):1143–1148. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0883-2927(02)00005-710.1016/s0883-2927(02)00005-7 ↗
16. Kumar S, Kumar R, Bandopadhyay A, Mehrotra SP (2007a) In: proceedings of international conference on alkali activated materials–research. Production and utilization, Prague, Czech Republic: pp 429
17. Kumar S, Kumar R, Alex TC, Bandopadhyay A, Mehrotra SP (2005) In: Davidovits J (ed) proceedings of 4th world congress on Geopolymer. France, p 113
18. Kumar S, Kumar R, Alex TC, Bandopadhyay A, Mehrotra SP (2007b) Influence of reactivity of fly ash on geopolymerisation. Adv Appl Ceram 106(3):120–127. https://doi.org/10.1179/174367607x15929310.1179/174367607x159293 ↗
19. Kumar S, Kumar R (2011) Mechanical activation of fly ash: effect on reaction structure and properties of resulting geopolymer. Ceram Int 37:533–54110.1016/j.ceramint.2010.09.038 ↗
20. Palmo A, Fernandez-Jimenez A, Kovalchuk G, Ordonez LM, Naranjo MC (2007) OPC-fly ash cementitious systems: study of gel binders produced during alkaline hydration. J Mater Sci 42:2958–296610.1007/s10853-006-0585-7 ↗
21. Allahverdi A, Kani EN, Yaz danipour M (2011) Effects of blast- furnace slag on natural pozzolan-based geopolymer cement. Ceram-silikaty 55:68–78
22. Li Z, Liu S (2007) Influence of slag as additive on compressive strength of fly ash-based geopolymer. J Mater Civ Eng 19(6):470–47410.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(2007)19:6(470) ↗
23. Nath P, Sarker PK (2012) Geopolymer concrete for ambient curing condition. In: Proc of Australian Structural Engineering Conference: The Past, Present and Future of Structural Engineering, Barton, Australia vol. 225, p. 32
24. Rajamane NP (2013) Studies on development of ambient temperature cured fly ash and GGBS based geopolymer concretes (Ph.D. thesis). VTU, Belgaum, India
25. Ravikumar D, Peethamparam S, Neithalath N (2010) Structure and strength of NaOH activated concrete containing fly ash or GGBFS as the sole binder. Cem Concr Compos 32:399–41010.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.03.007 ↗
26. Nanthagopalan P, Santhanam M (2011) Fresh and hardened properties of self compacting concrete produced with manufactured sand. Cem Concr Compos 33(3):353–35810.1016/j.cemconcomp.2010.11.005 ↗
27. Foong KY, Alengaram UJ, Jumaat MZ, Mo KH (2015) Enhancement of the mechanical properties of lightweight oil palm shell concrete using rice husk ash and manufactured sand. J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. A 16(1):59–6910.1631/jzus.A1400175 ↗
28. Nagajothi S, Elavenil S (2019) Influence of Aluminosilicate for the prediction of mechanical properties of Geopolymer concrete – artificial neural network. Silicon:1–11. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-019-00203-810.1007/s12633-019-00203-8 ↗
29. Rangan BV, Hardjito D (2005) Development and properties of low calcium fly ash based Geopolymer concrete research. Research report GC-1, Faculty of Engineering, Curtin university of technology, Perth, Australia
30. Dattatreya JK, Rajamane NP, Sabitha D, Ambily PS, Nataraja MC (2011) Flexural behaviour of reinforced geopolymer concrete beams. International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering vol 2 No 1
31. Ryu GS, Lee YB, Koh KT, Chung YS (2013) The mechanical properties of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete with alkaline activators. Constr Build Mater 47:409–41810.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.05.069 ↗
32. Rashad AM (2014) A comprehensive overview about the influence of different admixtures and additives on the properties of alkali-activated fly ash. Mater Des 53(0):1005–102510.1016/j.matdes.2013.07.074 ↗
33. Wongpa J, Kiattikomol K, Jaturapitakkul C, Chindaprasirt P (2010) Compressive strength modulus of elasticity and water permeability of inorganic polymer concrete. Mater Des 31(10):4748–475410.1016/j.matdes.2010.05.012 ↗
34. Nagajothi S, Elavenil S (2018) Parametric Studies on Workability and Compressive Strength Properties Geopolymer Concrete. Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Volume no 27, Issue 3–410.1515/jmbm-2018-0019 ↗
35. Chen H, Gong W, Lutze W, Pegg IL, Zhai J (2011) Kinetics of fly ash leaching in strongly alkaline solutions. J Mater Sci 46:590–59710.1007/s10853-010-4997-z ↗
36. Zhuang XY, Liang C, Komarneni S, Zhou CH, Tong DS, Yang HM, Yu WH, Wang H (2016) Fly ash based geopolymer: clean production, properties and applications. J Clean Prod 125:253–26710.1016/j.jclepro.2016.03.019 ↗
37. Yang T, Yao X, Zhang Z, Wang H (2012) Mechanical property and structure of alkali activated flyash andslag blends. J Sustain Cem based Mater 1(4):167–17810.1080/21650373.2012.752621 ↗
38. Garcia-Lodeiro I, Palomo A, Fernández-Jiménez A, Macphee DE (2011) Compatibility studies between N-A-S-H and C-A-S-H gels. Study in the ternary diagram Na2O–CaO–Al2O3–SiO2–H2O. Cem Concr Res 41:923–93110.1016/j.cemconres.2011.05.006 ↗
39. Yang KH, Song J, Lee KS, Ashour AF (2009) Flow and compressive strength of alkali activated mortars. ACI Material journal 106(1):50–58
40. De Silva P, Sirivivatnanon V (2007) Kinetics of geopolymerization : role of Al2O3 and SiO2. Cem Concr Res 37:512–51810.1016/j.cemconres.2007.01.003 ↗
41. Davidovits J (1999) Chemistry of geopolymeric systems, terminology. Geopolymere’99. Proceedings of Geopolymer Second International Conference. Saint-Quentin.9–39
42. Somna K, Jaturapitakkul C, Kajitvichyanukul P, Chindaprasirt P (2011) NaOH-activated ground fly ash geopolymer cured at ambient temperature. Fuel 90(6):2118–212410.1016/j.fuel.2011.01.018 ↗
43. Kumar S, Kumar R, Mehrotra SP (2010) Influence of granulated blast furnace slag on the reaction, structure and properties of fly ash based geopolymer. J Mater Sci 45:607–615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3934-510.1007/s10853-009-3934-5 ↗