journal article·2023-07

Investigating the Influence of Nano-Silica on Low-Velocity Impact Behavior of Aluminium-Glass Fiber Sandwich Laminate

M. Vijayan, V. Selladurai, Vishnu Vijay Kumar

Silicon· Volume 15· Issue 11
Publisher page

Abstract

Fiber Metal Laminates (FML) are an emerging class of composites possessing exceptional properties and numerous applications. This study investigates the effect of Nano-Silica in E-Glass-Aluminium FML under low-velocity impact testing. The Nano-Silica is dispersed in the epoxy resin at varying concentrations as 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 weight % of the epoxy resin. Low-velocity impact tests are conducted for the Nano-Silica FML at 20 J and 30 J impact energy in a drop mass impact testing machine. All the parameters were compared between the pristine FML and Nano-Silica FML (NFML). At 20 J, the 1wt.% FML shows high impact resistance. For 30 J, 3wt.% FML offers the highest energy absorption, among all tested specimens. On comparing the different weight percentages of Nano-Silica, 1wt.% shows the highest elastic storage modulus compared to pristine FML. The glass transition temperature (Tg) from Dynamic Mechanical Analysis further confirms that 1wt.% is more effective in load bearing than other weight percentages. The cole–cole technique reveals a semi-circle curve between storage and loss modulus, which represents homogeneous samples.
Source: expertdata · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: Mechanical Behavior of Composites · High-Velocity Impact and Material Behavior · Transportation Safety and Impact Analysis

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (47)

Show source-provided references
1. Vijay Kumar V, Rajendran S, Surendran S, Ramakrishna S (2022) Enhancing the properties of Carbon fiber thermoplastic composite by nanofiber interleaving. 2022 IEEE Int. Conf. Nanoelectron. Nanophotonics, Nanomater. Nanobioscience Nanotechnol. 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/5NANO53044.2022.982892410.1109/5NANO53044.2022.9828924 ↗
2. Kumar VV, Balaganesan G, Lee JKY, Neisiany RE, Surendran S, Ramakrishna S (2019) A review of recent advances in nanoengineered polymer composites. Polymers (Basel). 11. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym11040644.10.3390/polym11040644 ↗
3. Kumar VV, Rajendran S, Balaganesan G, Surendran S, Selvan A, Ramakrishna S (2022) High velocity impact behavior of Hybrid composite under hydrostatic preload. J Compos Mater 56:3769–3779. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021998322112292310.1177/00219983221122923 ↗
4. Vlot A, Vogelesang LB, De Vries TJ (1999) Towards application of fibre metal laminates in large aircraft. Aircr Eng Aerosp Technol 71:558–570. https://doi.org/10.1108/0002266991030371110.1108/00022669910303711 ↗
5. AD VLOT JWG (2001) Fibre Metal Laminates. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0995-910.1007/978-94-010-0995-9 ↗
6. Liu Y, Zhang R, Liang EQ, Li D, Chen Y, Zhang J (2014) A review on development and properties of GLARE, an advanced aircraft material. Appl Mech Mater 618:140–145. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.618.14010.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.618.140 ↗
7. Vlot A (1993) Impact properties of Fibre Metal Laminates. Compos Eng 3:911–927. https://doi.org/10.1016/0961-9526(93)90001-Z10.1016/0961-9526(93)90001-Z ↗
8. Vijayan M, Selladurai V, Balaganesan G, SuganyaPriyadharshini G (2022) Comprehensive characterization of AA 2024T3 fiber metal laminate with nanosilica-reinforced epoxy based polymeric composite panel for lightweight applications. Polym Compos 43:8274–8296. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2699810.1002/pc.26998 ↗
9. Sinmazçelik T, Avcu E, Bora MÖ, Çoban O (2011) A review: Fibre metal laminates, background, bonding types and applied test methods. Mater Des 32:3671–3685. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2011.03.01110.1016/j.matdes.2011.03.011 ↗
10. Asundi A, Choi AYN (1997) Fiber metal laminates: An advanced material for future aircraft. J Mater Process Technol 63:384–394. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(96)02652-010.1016/S0924-0136(96)02652-0 ↗
11. Vlot A, Kroon E, La Rocca G (1998) Impact Response of Fiber Metal Laminates. Key Eng Mater 141–143:235–276. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.141-143.23510.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.141-143.235 ↗
12. Straznicky PV, Laliberté JF, Poon C, Fahr A (2000) Applications of Fiber-Metal Laminates. Polym Compos 21:558–56710.1002/pc.10211 ↗
13. Krishnakumar S (1994) Fiber Metal Laminates — The Synthesis of Metals and Composites. https://doi.org/10.1080/1042691940893490510.1080/10426919408934905 ↗
14. Bagnoli F, Bernabei M, Figueroa-Gordon D, Irving PE (2009) The response of aluminium/GLARE hybrid materials to impact and to in-plane fatigue. Mater Sci Eng A 523:118–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2009.05.05510.1016/j.msea.2009.05.055 ↗
15. Caprino G, Spataro G, Del Luongo S (2004) Low-velocity impact behaviour of fibreglass-aluminium laminates. Compos Part A Appl Sci Manuf 35:605–616. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesa.2003.11.00310.1016/j.compositesa.2003.11.003 ↗
16. Azhdari S, Fakhreddini-Najafabadi S, Taheri-Behrooz F (2021) An experimental and numerical investigation on low velocity impact response of GLAREs. Compos Struct. 271:114123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2021.11412310.1016/j.compstruct.2021.114123 ↗
17. Sharma AP, Khan SH, Kitey R, Parameswaran V (2018) Effect of through thickness metal layer distribution on the low velocity impact response of fiber metal laminates. Polym Test 65:301–312. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.12.00110.1016/j.polymertesting.2017.12.001 ↗
18. Sharma AP, Khan SH, Velmurugan R (2019) Effect of through thickness separation of fiber orientation on low velocity impact response of thin composite laminates. Heliyon. 5:e02706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e0270610.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02706 ↗
19. Lee DW, Park BJ, Park SY, Choi CH, Song J (2018) Il: Fabrication of high-stiffness fiber-metal laminates and study of their behavior under low-velocity impact loadings. Compos Struct 189:61–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.04410.1016/j.compstruct.2018.01.044 ↗
20. Sudha J, Vasumathi M, Archana PV, Balakumar M, Mohan J (2021) Low velocity impact and axial loading response of hybrid fibre aluminium laminates. J Mech Sci Technol 35:4925–4930. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-021-1011-410.1007/s12206-021-1011-4 ↗
21. Wang Z, Zhao J (2019) Low velocity impact response of GLARE laminates based on a new efficient implementation of Puck’s criterion. Thin-Walled Struct. 144:106321. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.10632110.1016/j.tws.2019.106321 ↗
22. Yao L, Wang C, He W, Lu S, Xie D (2019) Influence of impactor shape on low-velocity impact behavior of fiber metal laminates combined numerical and experimental approaches. Thin-Walled Struct. 145:106399. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2019.10639910.1016/j.tws.2019.106399 ↗
23. Asaee Z, Mohamed M, De Cicco D, Taheri F (2017) Low-Velocity Impact Response and Damage Mechanism of 3D Fiber-Metal Laminates Reinforced with Amino-Functionalized Graphene Nanoplatelets. Int J Compos Mater 7:20–36. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.cmaterials.20170701.0310.5923/j.cmaterials.20170701.03 ↗
24. Fathi A, Liaghat G, Sabouri H (2021) An experimental investigation on the effect of incorporating graphene nanoplatelets on the low-velocity impact behavior of fiber metal laminates. Thin-Walled Struct. 167:108162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2021.10816210.1016/j.tws.2021.108162 ↗
25. Prince Jeya Lal L, Ramesh S, Parasuraman S et al (2019) Compression after impact behaviour and failure analysis of nanosilica-toughened thin epoxy/gfrp composite laminates. Materials (Basel) 12:3057. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma1219305710.3390/ma12193057 ↗
26. Ponnarengan H, Kamaraj L, Balachandran SR, KatharBasha S (2021) Evaluation of mechanical properties of novel GLARE laminates filled with nanoclay. Polym Compos 42:4015–4028. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2611310.1002/pc.26113 ↗
27. Logesh K, Hariharasakthisudhan P, Rajan BS, Moshi AAM, Khalkar V (2020) Effect of multi-walled carbon nano-tube on mechanical behavior of glass laminate aluminum reinforced epoxy composites. Polym Compos 41:4849–4860. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2575710.1002/pc.25757 ↗
28. Zhang X, Hu Y, Li H, Tian J, Fu X, Xu Y, Lu Y, Chen Y, Qin L, Tao J (2018) Effect of multi-walled carbon nanotubes addition on the interfacial property of titanium-based fiber metal laminates. Polym Compos 39:E1159–E1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/pc.2467010.1002/pc.24670 ↗
29. Gupta MK (2017) Effect of frequencies on dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid jute/sisal fibre reinforced epoxy composite. Adv Mater Process Technol 3:651–664. https://doi.org/10.1080/2374068X.2017.136544310.1080/2374068X.2017.1365443 ↗
30. Saba N, Safwan A, Sanyang ML, Mohammad F, Pervaiz M, Jawaid M, Alothman OY, Sain M (2017) Thermal and dynamic mechanical properties of cellulose nanofibers reinforced epoxy composites. Int J Biol Macromol 102:822–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.07410.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.04.074 ↗
31. Sessner V, Jackstadt A, Liebig WV, Kärger L, Weidenmann KA (2019) Damping characterization of hybrid carbon fiber elastomer metal laminates using experimental and numerical dynamic mechanical analysis. J Compos Sci 3:1–20. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcs301000310.3390/jcs3010003 ↗
32. Kumar VV, Rajendran S, Ramakrishna S, Surendran S (2022) Experimental investigation of carbon and glass hybrid composite under ballistic impact for marine applications. In: Trends in Maritime Technology and Engineering Volume 1. pp. 135–139. CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003320272-1510.1201/9781003320272-15 ↗
33. Devi GR, Palanikumar K (2018) Mechanical Properties Evaluation of Unidirectional Glass Fibre Reinforced Aluminium Sandwich Laminate. SILICON 10:2329–2340. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-018-9768-510.1007/s12633-018-9768-5 ↗
34. Vijay Kumar V, Ramakrishna S, Rajendran S, Surendran S (2022) Enhancing the material properties of carbon fiber epoxy composite by incorporating electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers. Mater Today Proc 67:1–4. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MATPR.2022.04.81810.1016/J.MATPR.2022.04.818 ↗
35. D7136/D7136M, A (2012) Standard test method for measuring the damage resistance of a fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composite to a drop-weight impact event. Annu B ASTM Stand. i, 1–16. https://doi.org/10.1520/D713610.1520/D7136 ↗
36. ASTM D5023–15 (2007) Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Flexure (Three-Point Bending). ASTM Int. 9–12. https://doi.org/10.1520/D5023-07.110.1520/D5023-07.1 ↗
37. Chen Q, Guan Z, Li Z, Ji Z, Zhuo Y (2015) Experimental investigation on impact performances of GLARE laminates. Chinese J Aeronaut 28:1784–1792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cja.2015.07.00210.1016/j.cja.2015.07.002 ↗
38. Carrillo JG, Gonzalez-Canche NG, Flores-Johnson EA, Cortes P (2019) Low velocity impact response of fibre metal laminates based on aramid fibre reinforced polypropylene. Compos Struct 220:708–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2019.04.01810.1016/j.compstruct.2019.04.018 ↗
39. Jakubczak P, Bieniaś J, Droździel M, Podolak P, Harmasz A (2020) The effect of layer thicknesses in hybrid titanium-carbon laminates on low-velocity impact response. Materials (Basel). 13. https://doi.org/10.3390/MA1301010310.3390/MA13010103 ↗
40. Fan J, Guan ZW, Cantwell WJ (2011) Numerical modelling of perforation failure in fibre metal laminates subjected to low velocity impact loading. Compos Struct 93:2430–2436. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2011.04.00810.1016/j.compstruct.2011.04.008 ↗
41. Asha Melba V, Senthil Kumar A (2018) Impact response and damage resistance behavior of GFRP/aluminium fiber metal laminates during low velocity impact test. Indian J Eng Mater Sci 25:450–458
42. Afrouzian A, MovahhediAleni H, Liaghat G, Ahmadi H (2017) Effect of nano-particles on the tensile, flexural and perforation properties of the glass/epoxy composites. J Reinf Plast Compos 36:900–916. https://doi.org/10.1177/073168441769475310.1177/0731684417694753 ↗
43. SeyedYaghoubi A, Liu Y, Liaw B (2012) Low-Velocity Impact on GLARE 5 Fiber-Metal Laminates: Influences of Specimen Thickness and Impactor Mass. J Aerosp Eng 25:409–420. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.000013410.1061/(asce)as.1943-5525.0000134 ↗
44. Yu GC, Wu LZ, Ma L, Xiong J (2015) Low velocity impact of carbon fiber aluminum laminates. Compos Struct 119:757–766. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2014.09.05410.1016/j.compstruct.2014.09.054 ↗
45. Jakubczak P, Bieniaś J (2021) The response of hybrid titanium carbon laminates to the low-velocity impact. Eng Fract Mech 246. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfracmech.2021.10760810.1016/j.engfracmech.2021.107608 ↗
46. Anbusagar R, N.R., Palanikumar, K (2018) Nanoclay Addition and Core Materials Effect on Impact and Damage Tolerance Capability of Glass Fiber Skin Sandwich Laminates. Silicon. 10:769–779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12633-016-9529-210.1007/s12633-016-9529-2 ↗
47. Jakubczak P, Surowska B, Bieniaś J (2016) Evaluation of force-time changes during impact of hybrid laminates made of titanium and fibrous composite. Arch Metall Mater 61:689–693. https://doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-011710.1515/amm-2016-0117 ↗