Durability of eco-conscious masonry mortars: insights on fire and freeze-thaw resistance

This study explores the durability of eco-friendly masonry mortars incorporating supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), specifically fly ash, ceramic waste powder, and biomass ash, under high temperatures and freeze-thaw cycles. By replacing traditional cement-lime mortars, these alternative mixtures aim to reduce environmental impact while ensuring structural performance. Fire resistance tests demonstrated that mortars containing fly ash and ceramic waste powder enhanced thermal stability, meeting A1 fire reaction class requirements. Freeze-thaw cycling revealed that fly ash-based mortars exhibited improved frost resistance, whereas certain other mixtures showed reduced performance. The findings emphasize the potential of these alternative mortars to enhance both fire safety and resilience in masonry structures, offering sustainable solutions adaptable to various environmental conditions. This research contributes to the advancement of durable, low-carbon building materials, aligning with the construction industry's efforts to promote sustainability.