The human micro‐vascular endothelial cells in vitro interaction with atomic‐nitrogen‐doped diamond‐like carbon thin films

Abstract This paper reports the initial response of atomic nitrogen doped diamond like carbon (DLC) to endothelial cells in vitro. The introduction of nitrogen atoms/molecules to the diamond like carbon structures leads to an atomic structural change favorable to the attachment of human micro‐vascular endothelial cells. Whilst the semi‐conductivity induced by nitrogen in DLC is thought to play a part, the increase in the non‐bonded N atoms and N₂ molecules in the atomic doped species (with the exclusion of the charged species) seems to contribute to the improved attachment of human microvascular endothelial cells. The increased endothelial attachment is associated with a lower work function and slightly higher water contact angle in the atomic doped films, where the heavy charged particles are excluded. The films used in the study were synthesized by the RF PECVD technique followed by post deposition doping with nitrogen, and afterwards the films were characterized by XPS, Raman spectroscopy, SIMS and Kelvin probe. The water contact angles were measured, and the counts of the adherent endothelial cells on the samples were carried out. This study is relevant and contributory to improving biocompatibility of surgical implants and prostheses. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2008