Enhancing capacity, structural stability, and sodium diffusivity by the double role of magnesium in biphasic layered manganese iron oxide cathodes
Source abstract
Abstract
Replacing critical elements such as nickel and cobalt from electrode materials is a must to harmonize the effective use of renewable energy sources with sustainability and environmental beingness. This study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of sodium-ion batteries (SIB) using the novel composition Na 0.5+x Fe x Mn 0.75-x Mg 0.25 O 2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.5), aimed at improving electrochemical performance through Fe/Mn substitution and Mg doping. The materials were synthesized via an easy and scalable sol-gel method, and their structural and electrochemical properties were analyzed using techniques like X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical testing. Results showed that a combination of P2 and O3 layered oxide phases appeared in all samples, with phase proportions dependent on Fe content. The sample with x = 0.4 (F04) exhibited optimal performance, displaying a capacity of 145 mA h g⁻¹ and retention of 94 % after rate capability tests. Electrochemical tests indicated that the multi-phase structure facilitated Na⁺ diffusion and enhanced capacity retention. Additionally, XPS confirmed changes in Fe oxidation states during cycling, and cyclic voltammetry revealed redox activity from Mn and Fe and possible oxygen redox contributions. The results suggest that biphasic compositions in addition to the impact of Mg doping on both the Mn/Fe and the sodium layers can effectively stabilize the layered oxide structure in both the transition metal and sodium layers to improve the electrochemical performance of SIBs.
Source: openalex_inverted_index · Quality: baseline
Research context
OpenAlex topics: Advancements in Battery Materials · Extraction and Separation Processes · Advanced Battery Materials and Technologies
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