journal article·2023-06Open access

Development and characterization of a novel high entropy alloy strengthened through concurrent spinodal decomposition and precipitation

J. Fiocchi, A. Mostaed, M. Coduri, A. Tuissi, R. Casati

Abstract

Strengthening mechanisms, which are commonly exploited by conventional alloys, can be effectively incorporated in high entropy alloys (HEAs) to improve their mechanical behaviour. In this light, compositional modification of equiatomic HEAs can be pursued in order to obtain specific microstructural features. Herein, a face centred cubic CoCuFeMnNi alloy was modified by the addition of a proper amount of Ti; a dedicated thermal treatment allowed to concurrently activate two different phase formation mechanisms, i.e. precipitation and spinodal decomposition. This resulted in a nanostructured microstructure, characterized by the presence of periodic modulations of Cu content and by nanosized coherent L12 Ni3Ti precipitates. Such microstructure resulted in a more than 100 % increase of yield strength after ageing treatment and allowed to retain a satisfactory ductility. Advanced microstructural characterization, coupled with the application of semi-empirical models allowed to understand the role of each microstructural feature in determining the alloy's mechanical strength.
Source: openaire · Quality: candidate unverified · Source record ↗

Research context

OpenAlex topics: High Entropy Alloys Studies · High-Temperature Coating Behaviors · Advanced Materials Characterization Techniques

SciVX discovery tags are terminology-based. OpenAlex topics are source-provided classifications.

References (71)

Show source-provided references
1. Microstructural development in equiatomic multicomponent alloys10.1016/j.msea.2003.10.257 ↗
2. Nanostructured high-entropy alloys with multiple principal elements: novel alloy design concepts and outcomes10.1002/adem.200300567 ↗
3. High-entropy alloys10.1038/s41578-019-0121-4 ↗
4. Extraordinary ductility and strain hardening of Cr26Mn20Fe20Co20Ni14 TWIP high-entropy alloy by cooperative planar slipping and twinning10.1016/j.mtla.2019.100485 ↗
5. Remarkable thermal stability of the Al-Ca-Ni-Mn alloy manufactured by laser-powder bed fusion
6. Mechanical properties of high-entropy alloys with emphasis on face-centered cubic alloys10.1016/j.pmatsci.2018.12.003 ↗
7. Nanocrystalline high-entropy alloys10.1557/jmr.2017.341 ↗
8. Extremely high strength and work hardening ability in a metastable high entropy alloy10.1038/s41598-018-28383-0 ↗
9. Nanoprecipitate‐Strengthened High‐Entropy Alloys10.1002/advs.202100870 ↗
10. Spinodal Decomposition and the Pseudo-Binary Decomposition in High-Entropy Alloys
11. Segregation-driven grain boundary spinodal decomposition as a pathway for phase nucleation in a high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2019.07.052 ↗
12. Enhanced strength-ductility synergy via high dislocation density-induced strain hardening in nitrogen interstitial CrMnFeCoNi high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.jmst.2022.09.020 ↗
13. The effect of interstitial carbon on the mechanical properties and dislocation substructure evolution in Fe40.4Ni11.3Mn34.8Al7.5Cr6 high entropy alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2016.08.072 ↗
14. From high-entropy alloys to complex concentrated alloys10.1016/j.crhy.2018.09.004 ↗
15. Enhanced cryogenic and ambient temperature mechanical properties of CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy through controlled heat treatment10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.164810 ↗
16. Ageing behaviour of equiatomic consolidated Al20Co20Cu20Ni20Zn20 high entropy alloy10.1016/j.matchar.2017.04.011 ↗
17. Precipitation strengthening of ductile Cr15Fe20Co35Ni20Mo10 alloys10.1016/j.scriptamat.2017.05.019 ↗
18. Outstanding tensile properties of a precipitation-strengthened FeCoNiCrTi0.2 high-entropy alloy at room and cryogenic temperatures10.1016/j.actamat.2018.11.049 ↗
19. Plastic deformation behaviour in Ni3Ti single crystals with D024 structure10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00060-0 ↗
20. Microstructural and compositional design of Ni-based single crystalline superalloys d A review10.1016/j.jallcom.2018.01.224 ↗
21. Phase transformations in maraging steels10.1533/9780857096111.2.332 ↗
22. Precipitate evolution and strengthening behavior during aging process in a 2.5 GPa grade maraging steel10.1016/j.actamat.2019.08.042 ↗
23. The precipitation sequence of Ni3Ti in Co-free maraging steel10.1007/BF02647188 ↗
24. Composition evolution of gamma prime nanoparticles in the Ti-doped CoFeCrNi high entropy alloy10.1016/j.scriptamat.2018.01.025 ↗
25. Tailoring microstructures and tensile properties of a precipitation-strengthened (FeCoNi)94Ti6 medium-entropy alloy10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154457 ↗
26. Multicomponent intermetallic nanoparticles and superb mechanical behaviors of complex alloys10.1126/science.aas8815 ↗
27. Thermal stability and coarsening of coherent particles in a precipitation-hardened (NiCoFeCr)94Ti2Al4 high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2018.01.049 ↗
28. Influence of phase decomposition on mechanical behavior of an equiatomic CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy10.1016/j.actamat.2019.09.030 ↗
29. Combining a nine-crystal multi-analyser stage with a two-dimensional detector for high-resolution powder X-ray diffraction10.1107/S1600576718014589 ↗
30. Phase equilibria in equiatomic CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy10.1016/j.matchemphys.2017.08.051 ↗
31. The twin and twin system in FCT L10 θ-MnNi phase in an equiatomic Mn-Ni alloy10.2320/matertrans.MD200782 ↗
32. Equilibrium phase of high-entropy FeCoNiCrCu0.5 alloy at elevated temperature10.1016/j.jallcom.2009.09.041 ↗
33. Taylor · 1961
34. On the role of superlattice structures with Ni3X-type composition in selected ni-based superalloys with commercial grades10.1007/s13632-019-00571-y ↗
35. Y. Liang, L. Wang, Y. Wen, B. Cheng, Q. Wu, T. Cao, Q. Xiao, Y. Xue, G. Sha, Y. Wang, Y. Ren, X. Li, L. Wang, F. Wang, H. Cai, High-content ductile coherent nanoprecipitates achieve ultrastrong high-entropy alloys, Nat. Commun., (n.d.) 1–8. 〈https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467–018-06600–8〉.10.1038/s41467-018-06600-8 ↗
36. A new single crystal high entropy alloy with excellent high-temperature tensile property10.1088/2053-1591/ab8491 ↗
37. Percolating hierarchical defect structures drive phase transformation in Ce1-xGdxO2-x/2: A total scattering study10.1107/S2052252515011641 ↗
38. Diffraction whole-pattern modelling study of anti-phase domains in Cu 3Au10.1016/j.actamat.2005.08.002 ↗
39. Thermodynamic analysis of the stable and metastable Co-Cu and Co-Cu-Fe phase diagrams10.1016/j.calphad.2005.10.007 ↗
40. Formation mechanisms of self-organized core/shell and core/shell/corona microstructures in liquid droplets of immiscible alloys10.1016/j.actamat.2012.10.033 ↗
41. Surface modes of coherent spinodal decomposition10.1103/PhysRevLett.108.265701 ↗
42. Concurrence of spinodal decomposition and nano-phase precipitation in a multi-component AlCoCrCuFeNi high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.jmrt.2018.04.020 ↗
43. Thermodynamics of alloys and phase equilibria in the copper-iron system10.1361/105497103770330280 ↗
44. Mechanical alloying in the Fe-Cu system10.1016/S0921-5093(97)00522-4 ↗
45. Effect of annealing treatment on microstructure and properties of high-entropy FeCoNiCrCu0.5 alloy10.1016/j.matchemphys.2011.02.022 ↗
46. Spinodal decomposition and precipitation in Cu-Cr nanocomposite10.1016/j.jallcom.2013.11.019 ↗
47. Z. Fu, L. Jiang, J.L. Wardini, B.E. Macdonald, H. Wen, W. Xiong, D. Zhang, Y. Zhou, T.J. Rupert, W. Chen, E.J. Lavernia, A High-entropy Alloy with Hierarchical Nanoprecipitates and Ultrahigh Strength, (2018) 1–9.10.1126/sciadv.aat8712 ↗
48. Age-hardening behavior and phase identification in solution-treated AEREX 350 Superalloy10.1007/BF02586125 ↗
49. First-principles studies of the structural, elastic, electronic and thermal properties of γ′-Ni3Ti10.1016/j.physb.2012.12.020 ↗
50. High-entropy alloys: a critical review10.1080/21663831.2014.912690 ↗
51. Y.Y. Zhao, H.W. Chen, Z.P. Lu, T.G. Nieh, Thermal stability and coarsening of coherent particles in a precipitation-hardened ( NiCoFeCr) 94 Ti 2 Al 4 high-entropy alloy, Acta Mater., 147 (2018) 184–194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2018.01.049.10.1016/j.actamat.2018.01.049 ↗
52. Phase transformation in a nanostructured M300 maraging steel obtained by SPS of mechanically alloyed powders10.1007/s10973-010-0745-5 ↗
53. Quantification of phase transformation kinetics of 18 wt% Ni C250 maraging steel10.1016/j.msea.2004.01.040 ↗
54. A general formulation for solid solution hardening effect in multicomponent alloys10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.09.009 ↗
55. Mechanical properties of refractory high-entropy alloys: experiments and modeling10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.11.188 ↗
56. Effect of Ti on phase stability and strengthening mechanisms of a nanocrystalline CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.msea.2018.04.014 ↗
57. Microstructural evolution of spinodally formed Fe35Ni15Mn25Al2510.1016/j.intermet.2009.03.016 ↗
58. Strengthening mechanisms in high entropy alloys: fundamental issues10.1016/j.scriptamat.2020.06.019 ↗
59. Hardening by spinodal modulated structure10.1016/0001-6160(80)90163-7 ↗
60. Harding by soinodal modulated structure in b.c.c. alloys10.1016/0001-6160(81)90088-2 ↗
61. A precipitation-hardened high-entropy alloy with outstanding tensile properties10.1016/j.actamat.2015.08.076 ↗
62. Understanding the deformation behavior of CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy by investigating mechanical properties of binary ternary and quaternary alloy subsets10.1016/j.matdes.2018.07.046 ↗
63. Deciphering micro-mechanisms of plastic deformation in a novel single phase fcc-based MnFeCoNiCu high entropy alloy using crystallographic texture10.1016/j.msea.2016.01.065 ↗
64. Twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels10.1016/j.actamat.2017.06.046 ↗
65. Nanoscale modulated structures by balanced distribution of atoms and mechanical/structural stabilities in CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloys10.1016/j.msea.2019.138120 ↗
66. Effect of copper and aluminum contents on wire drawing behavior in twinning-induced plasticity steels10.1016/j.msea.2018.09.049 ↗
67. A critical evaluation of microstructure-texture-mechanical behavior heterogeneity in high pressure torsion processed CoCuFeMnNi high entropy alloy10.1016/j.msea.2020.139187 ↗
68. Cahan · 1996
69. Calculating elastic constants in high-entropy alloys using the coherent potential approximation: current issues and errors10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.09.058 ↗
70. Effect of coherent L12 nanoprecipitates on the tensile behavior of a fcc-based high-entropy alloy10.1016/j.msea.2017.04.111 ↗
71. First-principle calculation of APB energy in Ni-based binary and ternary alloys10.1088/0965-0393/19/2/025008 ↗